Observation List
Get a list of Observation objects.
GET /api/v3/observations/?format=api&offset=2600
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Motivated by aviation safety issues, the main objectives were to improve the understanding of the atmospheric conditions conducive to strong gravity wave activity, wave induced rotors and gravity wave breaking." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 50834, 51679, 51680, 51746, 51747, 51748, 51750, 51752, 51753, 51755, 51756, 51757, 51758, 51759, 51760, 51776, 51777, 51778, 51779, 51780, 51781, 51782, 51783, 51784, 51785, 51786, 51787, 51788, 51789, 51790, 51791, 51792, 51793, 51794, 51795, 51796, 51797, 51798, 51799, 51800, 51801, 51802, 51803, 51804, 51805, 51806, 51807, 51808, 51809, 51810, 51811, 51812, 51813, 51814, 51815, 51816, 51817, 51818, 51819, 51820, 51821, 51926, 51928, 51932, 51938, 51939, 51941, 51959, 51961, 51964, 51965, 51968, 51970, 51971, 51972, 51973, 51976, 51977, 52085, 52086, 52087, 52088, 52089, 52090, 52091, 52094, 52095, 52096, 52098, 52099, 52102, 52103, 52104, 52105, 52106, 52107, 52108, 52109, 52110, 52111, 52112, 52113, 52114, 52115, 52116, 52117, 52118, 52119, 52120, 52121, 52122, 52123, 52124, 52125, 52126, 52127, 52128, 52129, 52131, 52132, 52133, 52136, 52137, 52138, 52141, 52144, 52145, 52146, 52147, 52148, 52149, 52150, 52151, 52154, 52155, 52156, 52158, 52159, 52160, 52161, 52164, 52166, 52167, 52168, 52169, 52170, 52214, 53326, 53327, 53328, 53329, 53331, 53332, 53333, 53334, 53336, 53337, 53338, 79130, 79131, 79132 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 5782, "uuid": "affe775e8d8890a4556aec5bc4e0b45c", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM) flights", "abstract": "The FAAM is a large atmospheric research BAE-146 aircraft, run by the NERC (jointly with the UK Met Office until 2019). 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The FAAM apparatus includes a number of core instruments permanently onboard and operated by FAAM staff members, and a variety of other instruments, grouped into chemistry kit and cloud physics kit, that can be fitted onto the aircraft on demand. \r\nFAAM is also a member of the EUropean Facility for Airborne Research (EUFAR) fleet of research aircraft.\r\n\r\nAs per NERC data policy (see documents), FAAM data are openly available upon registration with the CEDA archive (anyone can register) under the Open Government Licence. 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This collection includes surface measurements from eight automatic weather station (AWS) installed across the Sahara - four of which were installed in remote locations in the central desert where no previous meteorological observations had previously existed - and an aircraft field campaign with the FAAM BAe-146." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 60531, 60532, 60533, 60536, 60537, 60538, 60539, 60540, 60534, 60535 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 10318, 10315, 10316, 10317 ] }, { "ob_id": 15688, "uuid": "faf89607a8e94714b423d1d4d2edd16a", "title": "FAAM B138 CAESAR and MICROMIX flight: Airborne atmospheric measurements from core and non-core instrument suites on board the BAE-146 aircraft", "abstract": "Airborne atmospheric measurements from core and non-core instrument suites data on board the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft collected for Cirrus and Anvils: European Satellite and Airborne Radiation (CAESAR) project and MICROwave investigation of MIXed phase cloud (MICROMIX).", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.272326", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2024-09-11T12:59:50", "updateFrequency": "asNeeded", "dataLineage": "Data were collected by instrument scientists during the flight before preparation and delivery for archiving at the NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "CAESAR, MICROMIX, FAAM, airborne, atmospheric measurments", "publicationState": "published", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2015-03-31T21:02:54.463252", "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4228, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": -0.61593246, "westBoundLongitude": -7.6939201, "southBoundLatitude": 50.019135, "northBoundLatitude": 52.322922 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 15687, "dataPath": "/badc/faam/data/2005/b138-nov-14", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 208474571, "numberOfFiles": 21, "fileFormat": "Data are netCDF and NASA-Ames formatted. 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This activity was also a means of validating the microphysics retrievals that have been developed using the suite of remote sensing instrumentation at Chilbolton." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 1370, 1371, 1372, 1373, 1374, 1375, 1376, 1377, 1378, 1379, 1380, 1381, 1382, 1383, 1384, 51925, 51967 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 4193, "uuid": "569b689e53e3ccab2ffaa79cb3fd6755", "short_code": "coll", "title": "The Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM) Aircraft Data for the MICROwave investigation of MIXed phase cloud (MICROMIX) project", "abstract": "The MICROwave investigation of MIXed phase cloud (MICROMIX) project was a Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM) Campaign from late 2005, beginning of 2006, which aimed at testing and improving the representation of mixed phase clouds in radiative transfer models. 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The winter FAAM campaign ran from 14 November 2005 17 December 2005 and the summer FAAM campaign ran from 3-17 May 2006." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 60555, 60556, 60557, 60560, 60561, 60562, 60563, 60564, 60558, 60559 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 10323, 10321, 10322 ] }, { "ob_id": 15692, "uuid": "6c62ce62a77e4e1b87758e1b9536e13b", "title": "FAAM B139 DABEX Test flight: Airborne atmospheric measurements from core and non-core instrument suites on board the BAE-146 aircraft", "abstract": "Airborne atmospheric measurements from core and non-core instrument suites data on board the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft collected for Dust and Biomass EXperiment (DABEX) project.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.272326", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2015-04-30T10:13:32", "updateFrequency": "asNeeded", "dataLineage": "Data were collected by instrument scientists during the flight before preparation and delivery for archiving at the NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "DABEX, FAAM, airborne, atmospheric measurments", "publicationState": "published", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2015-03-31T21:02:54.278255", "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4242, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": -0.6247468, "westBoundLongitude": -4.8714638, "southBoundLatitude": 52.072632, "northBoundLatitude": 52.874374 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 15691, "dataPath": "/badc/faam/data/2005/b139-nov-17", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 208423302, "numberOfFiles": 21, "fileFormat": "Data are netCDF and NASA-Ames formatted. 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It has been in operation since March 2004 and is at the scientists' disposal through a scheme of project selection. \r\n\r\nData collected by this aircraft is stored in the FAAM data archive and includes \"core\" data, provided by the FAAM as a support to all flight campaigns, and \"non-core\" data, the nature of which depends on the scientific goal of the campaign.\r\n\r\nFAAM instruments provide four types of data: \r\n\r\n- parameters required for aircraft navigation; \r\n- meteorology; \r\n- cloud physics; \r\n- chemical composition. \r\n\r\nThe data are accompanied by extensive metadata, including flight logs. 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This consortium brought a range of expertise, from measurements of methane and its isotopes, and other greenhouse gases, through flux measurements to numerical analysis and modelling. \r\n\r\nThe project was led by the University of Cambridge, and in association with the University of Manchester, University of East Anglia, Royal Holloway, University of London, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology and UK and International partners (Met Office, NILU, NOAA, etc).\r\n\r\nMAMM was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) for three and a half years from October 2011 (NERC Reference: NE/I0291161/1).\r\n\r\nMAMM Data Providers may request access to the MAMM Project Space. All information is available under Docs below.\r\n\r\nThe Arctic is a major source of atmospheric methane and other greenhouse gases, with both natural and anthropogenic emissions. 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The strong warming in the Arctic is due to several positive feedback processes, including a sea-ice albedo feedback (warmer conditions melt ice, lowering the average reflectivity of the mixed ice/ocean surface and thus absorbing more solar radiation, leading to increased ice melt and further lowering of the albedo) and several cloud feedbacks. 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FAAM Bae-146 non-core data is now public, but raw Bae-146 core data is restricted to the FAAM staff." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 61011, 61012, 61013, 61016, 61017, 61018, 61019, 61020, 61014, 61015 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 10521, 10520 ] }, { "ob_id": 15818, "uuid": "c220026f78db4153bcfdda4edefcef3f", "title": "FAAM B383 OP3 Test flight: Airborne atmospheric measurements from core instrument suite on board the BAE-146 aircraft", "abstract": "Airborne atmospheric measurements from core instrument suite data on board the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft collected unnamed project.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.272326", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2019-12-06T22:48:57", "updateFrequency": "asNeeded", "dataLineage": "Data were collected by instrument scientists during the flight before preparation and delivery for archiving at the NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "OP3, FAAM, airborne, atmospheric measurments", "publicationState": "published", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2014-07-14T13:38:12", "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 1051, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 1.783085823059082, "westBoundLongitude": -0.7621021270751953, "southBoundLatitude": 52.057373046875, "northBoundLatitude": 53.38011169433594 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 15817, "dataPath": "/badc/faam/data/2008/b383-jun-24", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 642058869, "numberOfFiles": 26, "fileFormat": "Data are netCDF and NASA-Ames formatted. 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The project will utillize the NERC Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements reaserch aircraft ( FAAM) and a Global Atmosheric Watch station , with 100m research tower, in an undisturbed rainforest in Sabah Malaysia.\r\n\r\nThe objectives of the OP3-Danum-08 project are (i) to understand how emissions of reactive trace gases from a tropical rain forest mediate the production and processing of oxidants and particles in the troposphere, and (ii) to better understand the impact of these processes on local, regional and global scale atmospheric composition, chemistry and climate.\r\n\r\n\r\nThe field campaign phase of the project consists of 2 separate ground-based measurement periods at the Danum Valley Research centre (7th April - 4th May 2008 and 21st June - 27th July 2008). 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The pollution from biomass burning can have a substantial impact upon human health, as well as perturbing regional weather and climate through the emission of high concentrations of aerosol particles containing organic matter and black carbon. The effects of atmospheric aerosols on climate are very significant but extremely uncertain and so developing our understanding of them is crucial for predictions of future climate change.\r\n\r\nSAMBBA was an international consortium of 7 UK universities, the UK Met Office, InstitutoNacional de PesquisasEspaciais(INPE, Brazilian National Institute For Space Research) and the University of São Paulo. SAMBBA combined advanced ground, aircraft and satellite measurements during an intensive field campaign during September/October 2012. A total of 20 science flights were conducted on the UK Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurement (FAAM) BAe-146 research aircraft during the campaign. 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The effects of biomass burning aerosol upon cloud microphysical and optical properties play a significant role in assessing the radiative influence of clouds. These are also processes that are poorly quantified and hence provide fundamental uncertainties in weather forecasts and climate change scenarios. To improve quantification of these uncertainties, the microphysical and chemical properties of biomass burning aerosol and its precursors need to be determined yet these remain uncertain and are known to be modified during their lifetime in the atmosphere. Furthermore, it is important to assess the background state of the atmosphere in the region to understand the influence such large anthropogenic perturbations are having on the region. However, aerosol particles in the natural tropical atmosphere remain poorly understood.\r\n\r\nThe aim of the SAMBBA project was to investigate the properties of biomass burning aerosols over South America. The main biomass burning season occurs during Sept/Oct when deforestation fires and agricultural burning are prolific, particularly over central and south eastern parts of Brazil. These contribute to high loadings of biomass burning aerosol over much of South America with aerosol optical depths frequently exceeding 1 in many central parts of the continent. SAMBBA was a consortium of 7 university groups, the UK Met Office and a number of Brazilian partners, which delivered a suite of ground, aircraft and satellite measurements of Amazonian BBA and use this data to:\r\n\r\n-improve our knowledge of BB emissions;\r\n-challenge and improve the latest aerosol process models;\r\n-challenge and improve satellite retrievals;\r\n-test predictions of aerosol influences on regional climate and weather over Amazonia and the surrounding regions made using the next generation of climate and NWP models with extensive prognostic aerosol schemes; and\r\n-assess the impact of biomass burning on the Amazonian biosphere." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 61077, 61078, 61079, 61082, 61083, 61084, 61085, 61086, 61080, 61081 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 10545, 10543, 10544 ] }, { "ob_id": 15855, "uuid": "89dc18446a9b48c2abc1931f0795b7a0", "title": "FAAM B123 POSE flight: Airborne atmospheric measurements from core instrument suite on board the BAE-146 aircraft", "abstract": "Airborne atmospheric measurements from core instrument suite data on board the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft collected for Production of Ozone of South-east England (POSE) project.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.272326", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2015-04-30T10:13:30", "updateFrequency": "asNeeded", "dataLineage": "Data were collected by instrument scientists during the flight before preparation and delivery for archiving at the NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "POSE, FAAM, airborne, atmospheric measurments", "publicationState": "published", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2015-03-31T21:02:53.681602", "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 1056, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 1.9225177764892578, "westBoundLongitude": -0.6493217945098877, "southBoundLatitude": 51.656829833984375, "northBoundLatitude": 52.99742126464844 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 15854, "dataPath": "/badc/faam/data/2005/b123-aug-18", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 180167691, "numberOfFiles": 12, "fileFormat": "Data are netCDF and NASA-Ames formatted. 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In particular, the relative sources of ozone i.e general background, regionally produced products and local/in situ generation. 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The transport of pollutants from Europe within the boundary layer has been implicated in the very high levels of ozone seen in the UK during summer 2003. During the TORCH field campaign in Writtle, Essex, high levels of ozone and other reactive species were seen during the 2003 heatwave, and results suggest that this may be a result of mixing down of polluted air from aloft during the collapse of the night-time shallow inversion layer to form the day time boundary layer. In order to better understand this behaviour, the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft perfomed a series of profiles close to the Writtle site, to determine the influence of regional transport and local chemistry on ozone concentrations. Measurements included CO, ozone, hydrocarbons and oxygenated VOCs, throughout the troposphere.\r\n" } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 61103, 61104, 61105, 61108, 61109, 61110, 61111, 61112, 61106, 61107 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 10548, 10547 ] }, { "ob_id": 15859, "uuid": "96cb6e5bf3794bc7a39eb304bb47987b", "title": "FAAM B739 SAMBBA flight, number 9: Airborne atmospheric measurements from core and non-core instrument suites on board the BAE-146 aircraft", "abstract": "Airborne atmospheric measurements from core and non-core instrument suites data on board the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft during flight 9 for South AMerican Biomass Burning Analysis (SAMBBA) project.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.272326", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2019-12-06T23:05:03", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data were collected by instrument scientists during the flight before preparation and delivery for archiving at the NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "SAMBBA, FAAM, airborne, atmospheric measurments", "publicationState": "published", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2014-07-14T13:38:13.807145", "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 1057, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": -62.34465026855469, "westBoundLongitude": -64.2208251953125, "southBoundLatitude": -9.955005645751953, "northBoundLatitude": -8.22317123413086 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 15858, "dataPath": "/badc/faam/data/2012/b739-sep-23", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 4632715081, "numberOfFiles": 66, "fileFormat": "Data are netCDF and NASA-Ames formatted. 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The aircraft was based in Porto Velho, the capital of Rondonia, where ground-based measurements were also conducted by the University of Sao Paulo.\r\n\r\nThe flights sampled a huge range of pollution conditions, ranging from extremely low concentrations of gas phase and aerosol species over the pristine Amazon rainforest, through to huge fire plumes emitting massive amounts of pollutants. The flights were often coordinated with satellites overpassing the flight track of the aircraft, which allowed us to combine our intensive measurements with those that occur routinely from space (see Fig. 1). A range of numerical models are also to be used during SAMBBA, which will help to put our measurements into context and they will also be improved by the measurements that were made during the campaign.\r\n\r\nThese measurements were used to improve our understanding of biomass burning emissions and how it evolves in the atmosphere. This knowledge helped us to challenge and improve numerical models and satellite retrievals in the future. Such knowledge advanced our ability to predict the impacts of biomass burning on human health, the Amazonian biosphere and on weather and climate. " } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 50967, 50968, 50969, 50970, 50971, 50972, 50973, 50978, 50979, 50980, 50981, 50982, 50983, 50984, 50985, 50986, 50987, 50988, 50989, 50990, 50991, 50992, 50993, 50994, 50995, 50996, 50997, 50998, 50999, 51000, 51001, 51002, 51003, 51004, 51005, 51006, 51007, 51008, 51009, 51010, 51011, 51012, 51013, 51014, 51015, 51016, 51017, 51018, 51019, 51020, 51021, 51022, 51023, 51024, 51025, 51026, 51027, 51028, 51029, 51030, 51031, 51032, 51033, 51034, 51035, 51036, 51037, 51038, 51039, 51040, 51041, 51042, 51044, 51045, 51046, 51047, 51048, 51052, 51054, 51055, 51056, 51057, 51058, 51059, 51060, 51061, 51062, 51063, 51064, 51065, 51066, 51067, 51068, 51069, 51070, 51071, 51072, 51073, 51074, 51075, 51076, 51077, 51078, 51079, 51080, 51081, 51082, 51083, 51084, 51087, 51380, 51381, 51382, 51383, 51384, 51385, 51386, 51387, 51388, 51389, 51390, 51391, 51392, 51393, 51394, 51395, 51396, 51397, 51398, 51399, 51400, 51401, 51402, 51403, 51404, 51405, 51406, 51407, 51408, 51409, 51410, 51411, 51444, 51462, 51483, 51982, 51983, 51984, 51985, 51986, 51987, 51988, 51989, 51990, 51991, 51992, 51993, 51994, 51995, 51996, 51997, 51998, 51999, 52000, 52001, 52002, 52003, 52004, 52005, 52006, 52007, 52008, 52009, 52010, 52011, 52012, 52013, 52014, 52015, 52016, 52017, 53663, 53664, 53665, 53666, 53667, 53668, 53669, 53670, 55766, 55767, 55768, 55769, 55770, 55771, 55772, 55773, 55774, 55775, 55776, 55777, 55778, 57323 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 5782, "uuid": "affe775e8d8890a4556aec5bc4e0b45c", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM) flights", "abstract": "The FAAM is a large atmospheric research BAE-146 aircraft, run by the NERC (jointly with the UK Met Office until 2019). It has been in operation since March 2004 and is at the scientists' disposal through a scheme of project selection. \r\n\r\nData collected by this aircraft is stored in the FAAM data archive and includes \"core\" data, provided by the FAAM as a support to all flight campaigns, and \"non-core\" data, the nature of which depends on the scientific goal of the campaign.\r\n\r\nFAAM instruments provide four types of data: \r\n\r\n- parameters required for aircraft navigation; \r\n- meteorology; \r\n- cloud physics; \r\n- chemical composition. \r\n\r\nThe data are accompanied by extensive metadata, including flight logs. The FAAM apparatus includes a number of core instruments permanently onboard and operated by FAAM staff members, and a variety of other instruments, grouped into chemistry kit and cloud physics kit, that can be fitted onto the aircraft on demand. \r\nFAAM is also a member of the EUropean Facility for Airborne Research (EUFAR) fleet of research aircraft.\r\n\r\nAs per NERC data policy (see documents), FAAM data are openly available upon registration with the CEDA archive (anyone can register) under the Open Government Licence. Raw data are retained for longterm preservation but are not intended for general use." }, { "ob_id": 15846, "uuid": "2ff89840a89840868acff801f8859451", "short_code": "coll", "title": "SAMBBA: in-situ airborne observations by the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft", "abstract": "In-situ airborne observations by the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft for South AMerican Biomass Burning Analysis (SAMBBA).\r\n\r\nSAMBBA project - a UK-Brasil Consortium funded by NERC. Biomass burning aerosols have a significant influence on climate – both directly as they scatter and absorb solar radiation – and indirectly as they influence cloud optical properties and lifetime through their ability to act as sites for cloud droplet formation. Biomass burning aerosols are a complex mixture of black carbon, organic carbon, and inorganic compounds, and are thus difficult to model accurately. While parameterisations have been developed in the climate version of the UM (e.g. HADGEM-2) that enable reasonable representation of the aerosol optical depth, significant uncertainties still exists in accurately determining the aerosol absorption (via the single scattering albedo) and the subsequent effects on radiation. These radiative effects have a significant impact on climate, which needs to be quantified over key regions such as Amazonia. Furthermore, BB aerosols have a direct impact on the performance of numerical weather prediction models. The effects of biomass burning aerosol upon cloud microphysical and optical properties play a significant role in assessing the radiative influence of clouds. These are also processes that are poorly quantified and hence provide fundamental uncertainties in weather forecasts and climate change scenarios. To improve quantification of these uncertainties, the microphysical and chemical properties of biomass burning aerosol and its precursors need to be determined yet these remain uncertain and are known to be modified during their lifetime in the atmosphere. Furthermore, it is important to assess the background state of the atmosphere in the region to understand the influence such large anthropogenic perturbations are having on the region. However, aerosol particles in the natural tropical atmosphere remain poorly understood.\r\n\r\nThe aim of the SAMBBA project was to investigate the properties of biomass burning aerosols over South America. The main biomass burning season occurs during Sept/Oct when deforestation fires and agricultural burning are prolific, particularly over central and south eastern parts of Brazil. These contribute to high loadings of biomass burning aerosol over much of South America with aerosol optical depths frequently exceeding 1 in many central parts of the continent. SAMBBA was a consortium of 7 university groups, the UK Met Office and a number of Brazilian partners, which delivered a suite of ground, aircraft and satellite measurements of Amazonian BBA and use this data to:\r\n\r\n-improve our knowledge of BB emissions;\r\n-challenge and improve the latest aerosol process models;\r\n-challenge and improve satellite retrievals;\r\n-test predictions of aerosol influences on regional climate and weather over Amazonia and the surrounding regions made using the next generation of climate and NWP models with extensive prognostic aerosol schemes; and\r\n-assess the impact of biomass burning on the Amazonian biosphere." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 61117, 61118, 61119, 61122, 61123, 61124, 61125, 61126, 61120, 61121 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 10555, 10552, 10553, 10554 ] }, { "ob_id": 15863, "uuid": "bc93d6f6470b443ba77862ddeff19012", "title": "FAAM B617 AQUM and BORTAS Test flight: Airborne atmospheric measurements from core and non-core instrument suites on board the BAE-146 aircraft", "abstract": "Airborne atmospheric measurements from core and non-core instrument suites data on board the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft collected for AQUM - Air Quality forecasting and modelling in the Unified Model project, general Met Office flying and BORTAS: Quantifying the impact of BOReal forest fires on Tropospheric oxidants over the Atlantic using Aircraft and Satellites.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.272326", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2015-04-30T10:14:11", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data were collected by instrument scientists during the flight before preparation and delivery for archiving at the NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "AQUM, BORTAS, FAAM, airborne, atmospheric measurments", "publicationState": "published", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2014-07-14T13:38:13.147748", "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 1058, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 2.3118550777435303, "westBoundLongitude": -0.6973667144775391, "southBoundLatitude": 51.470211029052734, "northBoundLatitude": 52.99413299560547 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 15862, "dataPath": "/badc/faam/data/2011/b617-jul-06", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 1251391886, "numberOfFiles": 33, "fileFormat": "Data are netCDF and NASA-Ames formatted. 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The BORTAS team will sample biomass burning outflow over the North Atlantic in summer 2011 the using FAAM BAe-146 aircraft and then describe the observed chemistry within plumes and quantify the impact of boreal fires on the North Atlantic region using a nested 3-D chemistry transport model." }, { "ob_id": 14832, "uuid": "11eab7ddc94446e68215e92664f6d158", "short_code": "proj", "title": "AQUM - Air Quality forecasting and modelling in the Unified Model project, general Met Office flying", "abstract": "AQUM - Air Quality forecasting and modelling in the Unified Model project, general Met Office flying" } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 50842, 50851, 50853, 50857, 50858, 50860, 50863, 50866, 50868, 50869, 50875, 50876, 50878, 50883, 50884, 50888, 50889, 50898, 50925, 50928, 50932, 50933, 50934, 50937, 50952, 50965, 51217, 51218, 51220, 51221, 51222, 51224, 51229, 51230, 51231, 51236, 51237, 51238, 51239, 51241, 51246, 51251, 51253, 51254, 51259, 51260, 51261, 51263, 51267, 51268, 51269, 51271, 51272, 51273, 51274, 51277, 51281, 51282, 51286, 51288, 51289, 51290, 51293, 51296, 51297, 51299, 51302, 51303, 51304, 51311, 51314, 51493, 51495, 51496, 51498, 51499, 51501, 51504, 51505, 51506, 51511, 51516, 51525, 51526, 51528, 51529, 51532, 51533, 51534, 51537, 51538, 51543, 51544, 51551, 51568, 51569, 51576, 51577, 51578, 51579, 53615, 53675, 53676, 53712, 53713, 53714, 53715, 53717, 53742, 53744, 57942, 65806, 65830, 65831, 65832, 65835, 65836, 65838, 65840, 65842, 65843, 65844, 65846, 65851, 65852, 65854, 65860, 65861, 65862, 65877, 65892, 65940, 65941, 65942, 65943, 65945, 65952, 65958, 65960, 65963, 65964, 65966, 65967, 65968, 65986, 65991, 65992, 65998, 65999, 66000, 66001, 66002 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 6204, "uuid": "4289d20cf3681362e96850453df40e1d", "short_code": "coll", "title": "BORTAS: In-situ Atmospheric Airborne and model data", "abstract": "The Quantifying the impact of BOReal forest fires on Tropospheric oxidants over the Atlantic using Aircraft and Satellites (BORTAS) project provides information on the connection between the composition and the distribution of biomass burning outflow, ozone production and loss within the outflow, and the resulting perturbation to oxidant chemistry in the troposphere. The BORTAS team sampled biomass burning outflow over the North Atlantic in summer 2011 the using Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM) BAe-146 aircraft. The data were then used to describe the observed chemistry within plumes and to quantify the impact of boreal fires on the North Atlantic region using a nested 3-D chemistry transport model.\r\n\r\nThis dataset contains atmospheric aircraft and model data.\r\n\r\nScience Objectives of BORTAS:\r\n\r\n-Sample biomass burning outflow from boreal North America over the western boundary of the North Atlantic during summer 2011 using the FAAM BAe146 aircraft;\r\n-Describe observed chemistry within plumes by using the measurements to constrain the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM), with particular attention to the NOy and organic chemistry;\r\n-Derive a reduced chemical mechanism suitable for a global Chemical Transport Model (CTM) that accurately describes chemistry within the plumes;\r\n-Quantify the impact of boreal forest fires on oxidant chemistry over the temperate and subtropical Atlantic using a nested 3-D chemistry transport model, driven by a subset of MCM chemistry and by assimilated field measurements; and\r\n-Detect, validate and quantify the impact of boreal biomass burning on global tropospheric composition using data from space-borne sensors.\r\n\r\nThe FAAM airborne sampling element of the BORTAS project took place in July and August 2011." }, { "ob_id": 15864, "uuid": "1ece634706f14b02a7a0c67a2336cba9", "short_code": "coll", "title": "AQUM: in-situ airborne observations by the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft", "abstract": "In-situ airborne observations by the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft for AQUM - Air Quality forecasting and modelling in the Unified Model project, general Met Office flying." }, { "ob_id": 5782, "uuid": "affe775e8d8890a4556aec5bc4e0b45c", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM) flights", "abstract": "The FAAM is a large atmospheric research BAE-146 aircraft, run by the NERC (jointly with the UK Met Office until 2019). 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The FAAM apparatus includes a number of core instruments permanently onboard and operated by FAAM staff members, and a variety of other instruments, grouped into chemistry kit and cloud physics kit, that can be fitted onto the aircraft on demand. \r\nFAAM is also a member of the EUropean Facility for Airborne Research (EUFAR) fleet of research aircraft.\r\n\r\nAs per NERC data policy (see documents), FAAM data are openly available upon registration with the CEDA archive (anyone can register) under the Open Government Licence. Raw data are retained for longterm preservation but are not intended for general use." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 61131, 61132, 61133, 61136, 61137, 61138, 61139, 61140, 61134, 61135 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 10562, 10559, 10560, 10561 ] }, { "ob_id": 15868, "uuid": "51d448a224834f43ab912dac4bf79fd7", "title": "FAAM B389 OP3 flight: Airborne atmospheric measurements from core and non-core instrument suites on board the BAE-146 aircraft", "abstract": "Airborne atmospheric measurements from core and non-core instrument suites data on board the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft collected unnamed project.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.272326", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2015-04-30T10:13:52", "updateFrequency": "asNeeded", "dataLineage": "Data were collected by instrument scientists during the flight before preparation and delivery for archiving at the NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "OP3, FAAM, airborne, atmospheric measurments", "publicationState": "published", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2014-07-14T13:38:12", "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 1775, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 119.73361206054688, "westBoundLongitude": 94.29144287109375, "southBoundLatitude": 4.019220352172852, "northBoundLatitude": 7.049243927001953 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 15867, "dataPath": "/badc/faam/data/2008/b389-jul-16", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 1091248652, "numberOfFiles": 42, "fileFormat": "Data are netCDF and NASA-Ames formatted. 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OP3-aircaft activity took palce from 21st June to 27th July 2008" } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 50834, 50842, 50851, 50853, 50857, 50876, 50878, 50928, 50932, 50933, 50937, 50952, 50965, 51221, 51229, 51230, 51231, 51242, 51243, 51244, 51269, 51273, 51274, 51276, 51277, 51281, 51282, 51288, 51289, 51293, 51302, 51303, 51304, 51305, 51306, 51316, 51317, 51318, 51319, 51320, 51321, 51322, 51323, 51324, 51325, 51326, 51327, 51328, 51329, 51330, 51331, 51332, 51333, 51334, 51335, 51336, 51337, 51338, 51339, 51340, 51341, 51342, 51343, 51344, 51345, 51346, 51347, 51348, 51349, 51350, 51351, 51352, 51353, 51354, 51355, 51356, 51357, 51358, 51359, 51360, 51361, 51362, 51363, 51364, 51365, 51366, 51367, 51368, 51369, 51370, 51371, 51372, 51373, 51374, 51375, 51376, 51377, 51378, 51379, 51380, 51381, 51382, 51383, 51384, 51385, 51386, 51387, 51388, 51389, 51390, 51391, 51392, 51393, 51394, 51395, 51396, 51397, 51398, 51399, 51400, 51401, 51402, 51403, 51404, 51405, 51406, 51407, 51408, 51409, 51410, 51411, 51412, 51413, 51414, 51415, 51416, 51417, 51418, 51419, 51420, 51421, 51422, 51423, 51424, 51425, 51426, 51427, 51428, 51429, 51430, 51431, 51432, 51433, 51434, 51435, 51436, 51437, 51438, 51439, 51440, 51441, 51442, 51443, 51444, 51445, 51446, 51447, 51448, 51449, 51450, 51451, 51452, 51453, 51454, 51455, 51456, 51457, 51458, 51459, 51460, 51461, 51462, 51463, 51464, 51465, 51466, 51467, 51468, 51469, 51470, 51471, 51472, 51473, 51474, 51475, 51476, 51477, 51478, 51479, 51480, 51481, 51482, 51483, 51484, 51485, 51492, 51493, 51494, 51495, 51496, 51497, 51498, 51499, 51500, 51501, 51502, 51503, 51504, 51505, 51506, 51507, 51511, 51514, 51516, 51517, 51518, 51520, 51521, 51522, 51525, 51526, 51527, 51528, 51529, 51532, 51533, 51534, 51537, 51538, 51539, 51543, 51544, 51546, 51548, 51551, 51552, 51553, 51568, 51569, 53671, 53675, 53676, 53710, 53711, 53712, 53713, 53714, 53715, 53716, 53717, 53740, 53741, 53742, 53744, 53745, 53746, 57942, 65830, 65831, 65832, 65833, 65834, 65835, 65836, 65837, 65838, 65839, 65840, 65841, 65842, 65843, 65844, 65845, 65846, 65850, 65851, 65852, 65853, 65854, 65858, 65860, 65861, 65862, 65863, 65867, 65869, 65877, 65883, 65888, 65889, 65892, 65893, 65938, 65939, 71785, 74534, 74535, 74536, 74537, 74538, 74539, 74540, 74541, 74542, 74543, 74544, 74545, 74546, 74547, 74548, 74549, 74550, 74551, 74552, 74553, 83860, 83861, 83862, 83863, 83864, 83865, 83866 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 5782, "uuid": "affe775e8d8890a4556aec5bc4e0b45c", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM) flights", "abstract": "The FAAM is a large atmospheric research BAE-146 aircraft, run by the NERC (jointly with the UK Met Office until 2019). It has been in operation since March 2004 and is at the scientists' disposal through a scheme of project selection. \r\n\r\nData collected by this aircraft is stored in the FAAM data archive and includes \"core\" data, provided by the FAAM as a support to all flight campaigns, and \"non-core\" data, the nature of which depends on the scientific goal of the campaign.\r\n\r\nFAAM instruments provide four types of data: \r\n\r\n- parameters required for aircraft navigation; \r\n- meteorology; \r\n- cloud physics; \r\n- chemical composition. \r\n\r\nThe data are accompanied by extensive metadata, including flight logs. The FAAM apparatus includes a number of core instruments permanently onboard and operated by FAAM staff members, and a variety of other instruments, grouped into chemistry kit and cloud physics kit, that can be fitted onto the aircraft on demand. \r\nFAAM is also a member of the EUropean Facility for Airborne Research (EUFAR) fleet of research aircraft.\r\n\r\nAs per NERC data policy (see documents), FAAM data are openly available upon registration with the CEDA archive (anyone can register) under the Open Government Licence. Raw data are retained for longterm preservation but are not intended for general use." }, { "ob_id": 47, "uuid": "9279c7e807a2ef0eb78a03c3821e62c4", "short_code": "coll", "title": "OP3 Project: Airborne and Ground-based Meteorological Instruments Records as part of the Oxidant and Particle Photochemical Processes above a South-East Asian tropical rain forest", "abstract": "Oxidant and Particle Photochemical Processes above a South-East Asian tropical rain forest (OP3-Danum-08) is a 3-year Consortium Grant of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), beginning 1 October 2007.\r\n\r\nThe OP3-Danum-08 consortium consists of 23 PIs and co-PIs from eight UK institutions (seven Universities and one NERC laboratory), plus partners from the Malaysian Meteorological Department, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Yayasan Sabah and USA. The project will utillize the NERC Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements reaserch aircraft ( FAAM) and a Global Atmosheric Watch station , with 100m research tower, in an undisturbed rainforest in Sabah Malaysia.\r\n\r\nThe objectives of the OP3-Danum-08 project are (i) to understand how emissions of reactive trace gases from a tropical rain forest mediate the production and processing of oxidants and particles in the troposphere, and (ii) to better understand the impact of these processes on local, regional and global scale atmospheric composition, chemistry and climate.\r\n\r\n\r\nThe field campaign phase of the project consists of 2 separate ground-based measurement periods at the Danum Valley Research centre (7th April - 4th May 2008 and 21st June - 27th July 2008). The second of these campaigns will involve concurrent observations above the ground based site aboard the FAAM BAe 146 aircraft, a collaboration between the Met Office(TM) and the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). There was also a ground based measurement period from 10th May - 12th June based at the Sabahmas Estate oil plantation, which was part of the APPRAISE funded ACES project. Data from all 4 parts of the project can be found in the OP3 archive.\r\n\r\nThe OP3 project is led by Professor Nick Hewitt (University of Lancaster)" } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 61155, 61156, 61157, 61160, 61161, 61162, 61163, 61164, 61158, 61159 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 10569, 10566, 10567, 10568 ] }, { "ob_id": 15872, "uuid": "7a226a3c9060417bb21079359d45dcc0", "title": "FAAM B615 FENNEC Transit flight: Airborne atmospheric measurements from core and non-core instrument suites on board the BAE-146 aircraft", "abstract": "Airborne atmospheric measurements from core and non-core instrument suites data on board the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft collected for Fennec - The Saharan Climate System (FENNEC) project.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.272326", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2019-01-23T12:15:09", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data were collected by instrument scientists during the flight before preparation and delivery for archiving at the NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "FENNEC, FAAM, airborne, atmospheric measurments", "publicationState": "published", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2014-07-14T13:38:13.135867", "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 1059, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": -8.49835205078125, "westBoundLongitude": -15.021331787109375, "southBoundLatitude": 28.432493209838867, "northBoundLatitude": 41.24888610839844 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 15871, "dataPath": "/badc/faam/data/2011/b615-jun-28", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 253823266, "numberOfFiles": 22, "fileFormat": "Data are netCDF and NASA-Ames formatted. 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Assessment of their spatial distribution and their likely source based on tracer measurements and air mass history.\r\n-To use a unique suite of state of the art instruments to quantify the extent to which air mass history, and gas and particle loading can affect the microphysical properties of cirrus clouds in the UTLS region, in particular, the size distribution, phase and morphology of cloud particles.\r\n-To obtain estimates of HNO3 loss to cirrus clouds and the subsequent effect on the aerosol population after the cloud has evaporated using case studies involving one or more wave clouds.\r\n-To make observations of the number, size distribution, phase and morphology of droplets and crystals in cirrus cloud and the number and size distribution of interstitial particles and correlate these with measurements of tracers that identify anthropogenic anthropogenic influence. 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The BORTAS team will sample biomass burning outflow over the North Atlantic in summer 2011 the using FAAM BAe-146 aircraft and then describe the observed chemistry within plumes and quantify the impact of boreal fires on the North Atlantic region using a nested 3-D chemistry transport model." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 853, 854, 855, 860, 862, 868, 870, 872, 873, 878, 886, 1180, 1182, 1186, 7471, 7472, 7473, 7474, 8338, 8339, 8340, 8341, 8342, 8343, 8344, 8345, 8346, 8347, 8348, 8349, 8350, 8351, 8352, 8353, 8354, 8355, 8356, 8357, 8358, 8359, 8360, 8361, 8362, 8363, 8364, 8365, 8366, 8367, 8368, 8369, 8370, 8371, 8372, 8373, 8374, 8375, 8376, 8377, 8378, 8379, 8380, 8381, 8382, 8383, 8384, 8385, 8386, 8387, 8388, 8389, 8390, 8391, 8392, 8393, 8394, 8395, 8396, 8397, 8398, 8399, 8400, 8401, 8402, 8403, 8404, 8405, 8406, 8407, 8408, 8409, 8410, 8411, 8412, 8413, 8414, 8415, 8416, 8417, 8418, 8419, 8420, 8421, 8422, 8423, 8424, 8425, 8426, 8427, 8428, 8429, 8430, 8431, 8432, 8433, 8434, 8435, 13459, 13460, 13461, 13462, 13514, 13524, 13570, 13571, 13651, 13678, 13690, 13694, 13695, 13696, 13697, 13700, 13701, 13702, 13703, 13706, 13710, 13712, 13715, 13716, 13718, 13720, 13723, 13727, 13728, 13729, 13735, 13738, 13741, 13742, 13743, 13744, 13747, 13748, 13749, 13750, 13751, 13754, 13755, 13759, 13761, 13766, 13768, 13769, 13770, 13772, 13774, 14684, 15279, 15288, 15292, 15304, 15305, 15309, 16069, 16306, 16307, 16308, 16309, 16310, 16311, 16321, 16322, 16323, 16324, 16325, 16326 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 6204, "uuid": "4289d20cf3681362e96850453df40e1d", "short_code": "coll", "title": "BORTAS: In-situ Atmospheric Airborne and model data", "abstract": "The Quantifying the impact of BOReal forest fires on Tropospheric oxidants over the Atlantic using Aircraft and Satellites (BORTAS) project provides information on the connection between the composition and the distribution of biomass burning outflow, ozone production and loss within the outflow, and the resulting perturbation to oxidant chemistry in the troposphere. The BORTAS team sampled biomass burning outflow over the North Atlantic in summer 2011 the using Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM) BAe-146 aircraft. The data were then used to describe the observed chemistry within plumes and to quantify the impact of boreal fires on the North Atlantic region using a nested 3-D chemistry transport model.\r\n\r\nThis dataset contains atmospheric aircraft and model data.\r\n\r\nScience Objectives of BORTAS:\r\n\r\n-Sample biomass burning outflow from boreal North America over the western boundary of the North Atlantic during summer 2011 using the FAAM BAe146 aircraft;\r\n-Describe observed chemistry within plumes by using the measurements to constrain the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM), with particular attention to the NOy and organic chemistry;\r\n-Derive a reduced chemical mechanism suitable for a global Chemical Transport Model (CTM) that accurately describes chemistry within the plumes;\r\n-Quantify the impact of boreal forest fires on oxidant chemistry over the temperate and subtropical Atlantic using a nested 3-D chemistry transport model, driven by a subset of MCM chemistry and by assimilated field measurements; and\r\n-Detect, validate and quantify the impact of boreal biomass burning on global tropospheric composition using data from space-borne sensors.\r\n\r\nThe FAAM airborne sampling element of the BORTAS project took place in July and August 2011." }, { "ob_id": 5782, "uuid": "affe775e8d8890a4556aec5bc4e0b45c", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM) flights", "abstract": "The FAAM is a large atmospheric research BAE-146 aircraft, run by the NERC (jointly with the UK Met Office until 2019). It has been in operation since March 2004 and is at the scientists' disposal through a scheme of project selection. \r\n\r\nData collected by this aircraft is stored in the FAAM data archive and includes \"core\" data, provided by the FAAM as a support to all flight campaigns, and \"non-core\" data, the nature of which depends on the scientific goal of the campaign.\r\n\r\nFAAM instruments provide four types of data: \r\n\r\n- parameters required for aircraft navigation; \r\n- meteorology; \r\n- cloud physics; \r\n- chemical composition. \r\n\r\nThe data are accompanied by extensive metadata, including flight logs. The FAAM apparatus includes a number of core instruments permanently onboard and operated by FAAM staff members, and a variety of other instruments, grouped into chemistry kit and cloud physics kit, that can be fitted onto the aircraft on demand. \r\nFAAM is also a member of the EUropean Facility for Airborne Research (EUFAR) fleet of research aircraft.\r\n\r\nAs per NERC data policy (see documents), FAAM data are openly available upon registration with the CEDA archive (anyone can register) under the Open Government Licence. Raw data are retained for longterm preservation but are not intended for general use." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 61287, 61288, 61289, 61292, 61293, 61294, 61295, 61296, 61290, 61291 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 10624, 10623, 10622 ] }, { "ob_id": 15911, "uuid": "e1aa669451ac4bbd8631108fb3045fb1", "title": "FAAM B730 SAMBBA Test flight, number 2: Airborne atmospheric measurements from core instrument suite on board the BAE-146 aircraft", "abstract": "Airborne atmospheric measurements from core instrument suite data on board the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft during flight 2 for South AMerican Biomass Burning Analysis (SAMBBA) project.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.272326", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2024-09-11T12:59:49", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data were collected by instrument scientists during the flight before preparation and delivery for archiving at the NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "SAMBBA, FAAM, airborne, atmospheric measurments", "publicationState": "published", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2014-07-14T13:38:13.756224", "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 1067, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 2.021615743637085, "westBoundLongitude": -0.743170976638794, "southBoundLatitude": 51.828704833984375, "northBoundLatitude": 53.159217834472656 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 15910, "dataPath": "/badc/faam/data/2012/b730-sep-04", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 946648976, "numberOfFiles": 20, "fileFormat": "Data are netCDF and NASA-Ames formatted. 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The pollution from biomass burning can have a substantial impact upon human health, as well as perturbing regional weather and climate through the emission of high concentrations of aerosol particles containing organic matter and black carbon. The effects of atmospheric aerosols on climate are very significant but extremely uncertain and so developing our understanding of them is crucial for predictions of future climate change.\r\n\r\nSAMBBA was an international consortium of 7 UK universities, the UK Met Office, InstitutoNacional de PesquisasEspaciais(INPE, Brazilian National Institute For Space Research) and the University of São Paulo. SAMBBA combined advanced ground, aircraft and satellite measurements during an intensive field campaign during September/October 2012. A total of 20 science flights were conducted on the UK Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurement (FAAM) BAe-146 research aircraft during the campaign. The aircraft was based in Porto Velho, the capital of Rondonia, where ground-based measurements were also conducted by the University of Sao Paulo.\r\n\r\nThe flights sampled a huge range of pollution conditions, ranging from extremely low concentrations of gas phase and aerosol species over the pristine Amazon rainforest, through to huge fire plumes emitting massive amounts of pollutants. The flights were often coordinated with satellites overpassing the flight track of the aircraft, which allowed us to combine our intensive measurements with those that occur routinely from space (see Fig. 1). A range of numerical models are also to be used during SAMBBA, which will help to put our measurements into context and they will also be improved by the measurements that were made during the campaign.\r\n\r\nThese measurements were used to improve our understanding of biomass burning emissions and how it evolves in the atmosphere. This knowledge helped us to challenge and improve numerical models and satellite retrievals in the future. Such knowledge advanced our ability to predict the impacts of biomass burning on human health, the Amazonian biosphere and on weather and climate. " } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 50842, 50851, 50853, 50857, 50858, 50859, 50860, 50862, 50863, 50864, 50865, 50866, 50867, 50868, 50869, 50870, 50871, 50872, 50875, 50876, 50877, 50878, 50882, 50883, 50884, 50886, 50887, 50888, 50889, 50891, 50894, 50898, 50899, 50900, 50905, 50907, 50910, 50911, 50913, 50920, 50925, 50928, 50932, 50933, 50934, 50937, 50952, 50965, 51215, 51216, 51217, 51218, 51219, 51220, 51221, 51222, 51223, 51224, 51225, 51226, 51227, 51228, 51229, 51230, 51231, 51232, 51233, 51234, 51235, 51236, 51237, 51238, 51239, 51240, 51245, 51246, 51247, 51248, 51249, 51250, 51251, 51252, 51253, 51254, 51255, 51256, 51257, 51258, 51259, 51261, 51262, 51264, 51265, 51266, 51267, 51268, 51269, 51270, 51271, 51272, 51273, 51274, 51275, 51277, 51278, 51279, 51280, 51281, 51282, 51283, 51284, 51285, 51286, 51287, 51288, 51289, 51290, 51291, 51292, 51293, 51294, 51295, 51296, 51298, 51299, 51301, 51302, 51303, 51304, 51310, 51311, 51314, 51315, 51514, 51515, 51524, 51576, 51577, 51578, 51579, 59034, 59035, 59036, 59091, 59092, 60087, 65806, 65830, 65836, 65842, 65843, 65846, 65847, 65848, 65849, 65894, 65895, 65896, 65897 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 5782, "uuid": "affe775e8d8890a4556aec5bc4e0b45c", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM) flights", "abstract": "The FAAM is a large atmospheric research BAE-146 aircraft, run by the NERC (jointly with the UK Met Office until 2019). It has been in operation since March 2004 and is at the scientists' disposal through a scheme of project selection. \r\n\r\nData collected by this aircraft is stored in the FAAM data archive and includes \"core\" data, provided by the FAAM as a support to all flight campaigns, and \"non-core\" data, the nature of which depends on the scientific goal of the campaign.\r\n\r\nFAAM instruments provide four types of data: \r\n\r\n- parameters required for aircraft navigation; \r\n- meteorology; \r\n- cloud physics; \r\n- chemical composition. \r\n\r\nThe data are accompanied by extensive metadata, including flight logs. The FAAM apparatus includes a number of core instruments permanently onboard and operated by FAAM staff members, and a variety of other instruments, grouped into chemistry kit and cloud physics kit, that can be fitted onto the aircraft on demand. \r\nFAAM is also a member of the EUropean Facility for Airborne Research (EUFAR) fleet of research aircraft.\r\n\r\nAs per NERC data policy (see documents), FAAM data are openly available upon registration with the CEDA archive (anyone can register) under the Open Government Licence. Raw data are retained for longterm preservation but are not intended for general use." }, { "ob_id": 15846, "uuid": "2ff89840a89840868acff801f8859451", "short_code": "coll", "title": "SAMBBA: in-situ airborne observations by the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft", "abstract": "In-situ airborne observations by the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft for South AMerican Biomass Burning Analysis (SAMBBA).\r\n\r\nSAMBBA project - a UK-Brasil Consortium funded by NERC. Biomass burning aerosols have a significant influence on climate – both directly as they scatter and absorb solar radiation – and indirectly as they influence cloud optical properties and lifetime through their ability to act as sites for cloud droplet formation. Biomass burning aerosols are a complex mixture of black carbon, organic carbon, and inorganic compounds, and are thus difficult to model accurately. While parameterisations have been developed in the climate version of the UM (e.g. HADGEM-2) that enable reasonable representation of the aerosol optical depth, significant uncertainties still exists in accurately determining the aerosol absorption (via the single scattering albedo) and the subsequent effects on radiation. These radiative effects have a significant impact on climate, which needs to be quantified over key regions such as Amazonia. Furthermore, BB aerosols have a direct impact on the performance of numerical weather prediction models. The effects of biomass burning aerosol upon cloud microphysical and optical properties play a significant role in assessing the radiative influence of clouds. These are also processes that are poorly quantified and hence provide fundamental uncertainties in weather forecasts and climate change scenarios. To improve quantification of these uncertainties, the microphysical and chemical properties of biomass burning aerosol and its precursors need to be determined yet these remain uncertain and are known to be modified during their lifetime in the atmosphere. Furthermore, it is important to assess the background state of the atmosphere in the region to understand the influence such large anthropogenic perturbations are having on the region. However, aerosol particles in the natural tropical atmosphere remain poorly understood.\r\n\r\nThe aim of the SAMBBA project was to investigate the properties of biomass burning aerosols over South America. The main biomass burning season occurs during Sept/Oct when deforestation fires and agricultural burning are prolific, particularly over central and south eastern parts of Brazil. These contribute to high loadings of biomass burning aerosol over much of South America with aerosol optical depths frequently exceeding 1 in many central parts of the continent. SAMBBA was a consortium of 7 university groups, the UK Met Office and a number of Brazilian partners, which delivered a suite of ground, aircraft and satellite measurements of Amazonian BBA and use this data to:\r\n\r\n-improve our knowledge of BB emissions;\r\n-challenge and improve the latest aerosol process models;\r\n-challenge and improve satellite retrievals;\r\n-test predictions of aerosol influences on regional climate and weather over Amazonia and the surrounding regions made using the next generation of climate and NWP models with extensive prognostic aerosol schemes; and\r\n-assess the impact of biomass burning on the Amazonian biosphere." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 61301, 61302, 61303, 61306, 61307, 61308, 61309, 61310, 61304, 61305 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 10629, 10627, 10628 ] }, { "ob_id": 15915, "uuid": "7a1c976f7df14c8784d9166b3e75522c", "title": "FAAM B949 CIRCCREX flight: Airborne atmospheric measurements from core and non-core instrument suites on board the BAE-146 aircraft", "abstract": "Airborne atmospheric measurements from core and non-core instrument suites data on board the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft collected for Cirrus Coupled Cloud-Radiation Experiment (CIRCCREX) project.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.272326", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2018-08-03T07:34:20.058793", "updateFrequency": "asNeeded", "dataLineage": "Data were collected by instrument scientists during the flight before preparation and delivery for archiving at the NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "CIRCCREX, FAAM, airborne, atmospheric measurments", "publicationState": "published", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "ongoing", "dataPublishedTime": "2016-04-18T14:56:51.605492", "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 1068, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 2.983508586883545, "westBoundLongitude": -3.367062568664551, "southBoundLatitude": 52.06529998779297, "northBoundLatitude": 56.22222900390625 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 15914, "dataPath": "/badc/faam/data/2016/b949-mar-09", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 2621760249, "numberOfFiles": 70, "fileFormat": "Data are netCDF and NASA-Ames formatted. 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It was lead by Dr Juliet Pickering (Imperial College London) and Dr Keith Bower (The University of Manchester) between 2013-2016. \r\n\r\nThe aim of the CICCREX project was to understand the link between evolving ice cloud microphysical properties and the resulting radiative signatures of the cirrus, at the macrophysical scale, as seen from a remote sensing platform.\r\n\r\nClimate and weather prediction models demand understanding of how cirrus clouds, high in the troposphere (6-14km in altitude) affect our climate. Cirrus covers up to 30% of the globe and its effects should be accurately included in global climate models. Clouds have two main effects; they are the main atmospheric component in the hydrological cycle, but they also trap radiation, both reflecting sunlight back to space (cooling the Earth's surface) and trapping the thermal energy emitted from the surface (as they are cold, emitting less energy to space than an equivalent cloudless sky). The balance between the shortwave (sunlight) and longwave (thermal radiation) effect depends on factors such as altitude and thickness of the cloud, and the size and shape of the ice crystals that make up the cloud. The crystals can take on myriad shapes, and the shapes existing in particular clouds depend on conditions and on the evolutionary sequence that the particles experience; growing, aggregating and/or dissipating over time, dependant on the changes in temperature, humidity and meteorological environment they experience. Different crystal sizes and shapes reflect and scatter light in different ways. Some crystal shapes are efficient at reflecting sunlight, but not thermal radiation and some the other way round. The net effect of a cloud on the radiation budget depends on the microscopic shapes of the crystals inside it. By measuring both the heat emitted by the cloud and its internal crystal properties ('microphysics') we can determine the link between the two, and hence the overall effect the cloud is having on the climate. \r\n\r\nCirrus models have been derived that calculate expected response of different crystal types across the spectrum, and these are usually combined with predicted particle size and shapes (Particle Size Distributions, PSD) found from in-situ flight campaign measurements using cloud probes. These are parameterised (simplified) and used in climate models and general circulation models (GCMs), eg. in numerical weather prediction (NWP) and climate change, but these cirrus models have not been tested across the full spectrum. Some studies have been made of specific radiative properties of some crystal types in the shortwave, and of other crystal types in parts of the longwave, but there has not been a successful measurement covering the full spectrum simultaneously measuring the precise make up of the crystal sizes and types in a cloud. \r\n\r\nThis project carried out a novel flight campaign which combined full spectrum radiative measurements (125-0.3 microns) from longwave to shortwave, with state-of-the-art measurements of crystal PSDs, the ice water content and temperature etc. The project tested scattering models and PSD parameterisations used to describe cirrus cloud in atmospheric models, such as the UK MetOffice (MO) Unified model Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) with model improvements implemented by our MO project partners. \r\n\r\nThe project was possible because of NERC funded research that led to: state-of-the-art cloud probe instruments and software tools that addressed problems of ice crystal shattering at the inlet apertures and the great uncertainty in ice crystal size distributions of the past; and the development of the unique far-IR instrument TAFTS at Imperial College (IC). The ability to measure the entire spectrum from an aircraft, and so simultaneously measure the cirrus crystal types, sizes, temperature and IWC, roughness etc., is a unique facility only available on the UK FAAM aircraft. They combined radiometry in the far-IR of IC, in mid-IR to solar of MO, cloud microphysics instrumentation and expertise of Manchester and Hertfordshire Universities, and UKMO/FAAM with complementary cloud and atmospheric state measurements. This project provides a leap forward to cirrus modelling, the datasets allowing for testing and development of models and parameterizations used to predict the effect of cirrus clouds in the high troposphere.\r\n\r\nThe project's aim was to understand the link between evolving ice cloud microphysical properties and the resulting radiative signatures of the cirrus, at the macrophysical scale, as seen from a remote sensing platform. This objective was achieved through a ground breaking cirrus coupled cloud-radiation airborne campaign across the Arctic and Mid-latitudes, which obtained first time radiation measurements across the electromagnetic spectrum (visible to sub-mm wavelengths) together with state-of-the-art cloud microphysics measurements. This exploited the recent leap in advances in microphysical and radiance data quality. The project will use these unique datasets to test and facilitate improvements to cirrus scattering models and parameterizations for climate and NWP models. The goal of the project was for an accurate parameterisation of cirrus optical properties in global climate modelling and NWP.\r\n\r\nThrough a radiative closure experiment, and testing of cirrus scattering models throughout the LW and SW for the first time, they provided the evidence for a more direct coupling between cloud physics and radiation, and to show that such schemes can simulate the measured radiation fields correctly, through a direct link between GCM prognostic variables and the cirrus optical properties. Such schemes will represent a paradigm shift in GCM parameterization, as current operational GCMs rely on linking radiation to cloud physics through diagnosed quantities only. \r\n \r\nThe objectives of this project were as follows (priority here relates to the order in which the objectives will be met):\r\n1. A radiative closure cirrus cloud-radiation experiment in northern and mid latitudes.\r\n2. Obtain a well calibrated set of high resolution radiance measurements throughout the infra-red and visible spectrum, 0.3-125 microns, from above and below and within an extensive layer of well developed cirrus.\r\n3. Characterise the atmospheric column above and below the cloud layer in terms of humidity distribution, temperature structure and other key radiatively-active species.\r\n4. Map the ice crystal particle size distribution, habit types and crystal complexity (including roughness, concavity etc) within the cloud layer, to provide an accurate, well-constrained, consistent description of the microphysical state.\r\n5. Use derivatives of the macrophysical and microphysical state, including ice water content and temperature, as input into state-of-the-art scattering model codes and cirrus parameterisations, whose output (via a radiative transfer model) will be critically validated against the radiance measurements throughout the sub-mm, infrared and visible spectrum. Sensitivity of the predicted radiance to PSD, habit types, aggregate and ensemble models, crystal complexity will be investigated by reference to the microphysical datasets.\r\n6. Exploit campaign datasets and constraint of cloud microphysical and radiative uncertainties in case studies to facilitate improvement of cirrus scattering models allowing a self-consistent and physically-based parameterisation of the ice crystal scattering properties.\r\n7. Through case studies using northern and mid-latitude campaign datasets, test the ice crystal scattering models and the coupled cloud-radiation parameterization by running the high-resolution version of the MO Unified Model (UM) at 1.0km resolution, with a view to incorporating the new parameterisations into the widely used UM.\r\n \r\nThe results have impacted cirrus modelling in GCMs, both for numerical weather prediction (NWP) and climate change, and in remote sensing.\r\n\r\nIn addition further objectives were to:\r\n8. Conduct a study of the moderating effect of cirrus on far-IR heating rates by comparing derived heating rates directly from the far-IR data, and comparing these to models using the newly-derived scattering properties.\r\n9. Study the spatial variability of the far-IR cirrus radiative signal as a function of the cloud structure, and determine the impact on precision of ((cirrus cloud modelling???.)) \r\n\r\n\r\n****The dataset contains full spectrum radiative measurements (125-0.3 microns) from longwave to shortwave, with state-of-the-art measurements of crystal PSDs, the ice water content and temperature etc. The ability to measure the entire spectrum from an aircraft, and so simultaneously measure the cirrus crystal types, sizes, temperature and IWC, roughness etc., is a unique facility only available on the UK FAAM aircraft. ****" } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 1370, 1371, 1372, 1373, 1374, 1375, 1376, 1377, 1378, 1379, 1380, 1381, 1382, 1383, 1384, 1633, 8560, 14474, 14811, 14812, 14813, 14814, 14815, 14816, 14817, 14818, 14819, 14820, 14821, 14822, 14823, 14824, 14825, 14826, 14827, 14828, 14829, 14830, 14831, 14832, 14833, 14834, 14835, 14836, 14837, 14838, 14839, 14840, 14841, 14842, 14843, 14845, 14846, 14847, 14848, 14849, 14850, 14851, 14855, 14857, 14916, 14917, 14919, 14921, 14924, 14926, 14927, 14928, 14931, 14942, 14946, 14947, 15040, 15041, 15163, 15166, 15167, 15168, 15169, 15170, 15171, 15172, 15173, 15174, 15175, 15176, 15177, 15178, 15179, 15180, 15185, 15186, 15188, 15189, 15192, 15193, 15194, 15195, 15196, 15197, 15198, 15200, 15203, 15204, 15208, 15210, 15211, 15212, 15213, 15220, 15223, 15241, 15242, 15243, 15244, 15245, 15246, 15247, 15248, 15249, 15250, 15251, 15252, 15253, 15254, 15255, 15256, 15257, 15258, 15259, 15260, 15261, 15262, 15263, 15264, 15265, 15266, 15267, 15268, 15269, 15271, 15272, 15274, 15324, 15325, 15327, 15329, 15330, 15331, 15332, 15333, 15334, 15335, 15336, 15337, 15338, 15339, 15340, 15341, 15342, 15343, 15344, 15345, 15346, 15347, 15348, 15349, 15350, 15355, 15356, 15750, 15795, 15796, 15800, 15801, 15802, 15803, 15804, 15805, 15806, 15807, 15808, 15809, 15810, 15811, 15812, 15813, 15814, 15815, 15816, 15817, 15818, 15819, 15820, 15821, 15822, 15823, 15824, 15825, 15831, 15833, 15834, 15835, 15836, 15838, 15839, 15840, 15841, 15842, 15843, 15844, 15845, 15846, 15847, 15848, 16250, 16251, 16252, 16253, 16254, 16255, 16256, 16257, 16258, 16259, 16260, 16261, 25242, 25243, 25244, 25245 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 15916, "uuid": "9f0eb1933ba946e9ba807c6e875a54cf", "short_code": "coll", "title": "CIRCCREX: in-situ airborne observations by the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft", "abstract": "In-situ airborne observations by the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft for Cirrus Coupled Cloud-Radiation Experiment (CIRCCREX)." }, { "ob_id": 5782, "uuid": "affe775e8d8890a4556aec5bc4e0b45c", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM) flights", "abstract": "The FAAM is a large atmospheric research BAE-146 aircraft, run by the NERC (jointly with the UK Met Office until 2019). 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It was lead by Dr Juliet Pickering (Imperial College London) and Dr Keith Bower (The University of Manchester) between 2013-2016. \r\n\r\nThe aim of the CICCREX project was to understand the link between evolving ice cloud microphysical properties and the resulting radiative signatures of the cirrus, at the macrophysical scale, as seen from a remote sensing platform.\r\n\r\nClimate and weather prediction models demand understanding of how cirrus clouds, high in the troposphere (6-14km in altitude) affect our climate. Cirrus covers up to 30% of the globe and its effects should be accurately included in global climate models. Clouds have two main effects; they are the main atmospheric component in the hydrological cycle, but they also trap radiation, both reflecting sunlight back to space (cooling the Earth's surface) and trapping the thermal energy emitted from the surface (as they are cold, emitting less energy to space than an equivalent cloudless sky). The balance between the shortwave (sunlight) and longwave (thermal radiation) effect depends on factors such as altitude and thickness of the cloud, and the size and shape of the ice crystals that make up the cloud. The crystals can take on myriad shapes, and the shapes existing in particular clouds depend on conditions and on the evolutionary sequence that the particles experience; growing, aggregating and/or dissipating over time, dependant on the changes in temperature, humidity and meteorological environment they experience. Different crystal sizes and shapes reflect and scatter light in different ways. Some crystal shapes are efficient at reflecting sunlight, but not thermal radiation and some the other way round. The net effect of a cloud on the radiation budget depends on the microscopic shapes of the crystals inside it. By measuring both the heat emitted by the cloud and its internal crystal properties ('microphysics') we can determine the link between the two, and hence the overall effect the cloud is having on the climate. \r\n\r\nCirrus models have been derived that calculate expected response of different crystal types across the spectrum, and these are usually combined with predicted particle size and shapes (Particle Size Distributions, PSD) found from in-situ flight campaign measurements using cloud probes. These are parameterised (simplified) and used in climate models and general circulation models (GCMs), eg. in numerical weather prediction (NWP) and climate change, but these cirrus models have not been tested across the full spectrum. Some studies have been made of specific radiative properties of some crystal types in the shortwave, and of other crystal types in parts of the longwave, but there has not been a successful measurement covering the full spectrum simultaneously measuring the precise make up of the crystal sizes and types in a cloud. \r\n\r\nThis project carried out a novel flight campaign which combined full spectrum radiative measurements (125-0.3 microns) from longwave to shortwave, with state-of-the-art measurements of crystal PSDs, the ice water content and temperature etc. The project tested scattering models and PSD parameterisations used to describe cirrus cloud in atmospheric models, such as the UK MetOffice (MO) Unified model Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) with model improvements implemented by our MO project partners. \r\n\r\nThe project was possible because of NERC funded research that led to: state-of-the-art cloud probe instruments and software tools that addressed problems of ice crystal shattering at the inlet apertures and the great uncertainty in ice crystal size distributions of the past; and the development of the unique far-IR instrument TAFTS at Imperial College (IC). The ability to measure the entire spectrum from an aircraft, and so simultaneously measure the cirrus crystal types, sizes, temperature and IWC, roughness etc., is a unique facility only available on the UK FAAM aircraft. They combined radiometry in the far-IR of IC, in mid-IR to solar of MO, cloud microphysics instrumentation and expertise of Manchester and Hertfordshire Universities, and UKMO/FAAM with complementary cloud and atmospheric state measurements. This project provides a leap forward to cirrus modelling, the datasets allowing for testing and development of models and parameterizations used to predict the effect of cirrus clouds in the high troposphere.\r\n\r\nThe project's aim was to understand the link between evolving ice cloud microphysical properties and the resulting radiative signatures of the cirrus, at the macrophysical scale, as seen from a remote sensing platform. This objective was achieved through a ground breaking cirrus coupled cloud-radiation airborne campaign across the Arctic and Mid-latitudes, which obtained first time radiation measurements across the electromagnetic spectrum (visible to sub-mm wavelengths) together with state-of-the-art cloud microphysics measurements. This exploited the recent leap in advances in microphysical and radiance data quality. The project will use these unique datasets to test and facilitate improvements to cirrus scattering models and parameterizations for climate and NWP models. The goal of the project was for an accurate parameterisation of cirrus optical properties in global climate modelling and NWP.\r\n\r\nThrough a radiative closure experiment, and testing of cirrus scattering models throughout the LW and SW for the first time, they provided the evidence for a more direct coupling between cloud physics and radiation, and to show that such schemes can simulate the measured radiation fields correctly, through a direct link between GCM prognostic variables and the cirrus optical properties. Such schemes will represent a paradigm shift in GCM parameterization, as current operational GCMs rely on linking radiation to cloud physics through diagnosed quantities only. \r\n \r\nThe objectives of this project were as follows (priority here relates to the order in which the objectives will be met):\r\n1. A radiative closure cirrus cloud-radiation experiment in northern and mid latitudes.\r\n2. Obtain a well calibrated set of high resolution radiance measurements throughout the infra-red and visible spectrum, 0.3-125 microns, from above and below and within an extensive layer of well developed cirrus.\r\n3. Characterise the atmospheric column above and below the cloud layer in terms of humidity distribution, temperature structure and other key radiatively-active species.\r\n4. Map the ice crystal particle size distribution, habit types and crystal complexity (including roughness, concavity etc) within the cloud layer, to provide an accurate, well-constrained, consistent description of the microphysical state.\r\n5. Use derivatives of the macrophysical and microphysical state, including ice water content and temperature, as input into state-of-the-art scattering model codes and cirrus parameterisations, whose output (via a radiative transfer model) will be critically validated against the radiance measurements throughout the sub-mm, infrared and visible spectrum. Sensitivity of the predicted radiance to PSD, habit types, aggregate and ensemble models, crystal complexity will be investigated by reference to the microphysical datasets.\r\n6. Exploit campaign datasets and constraint of cloud microphysical and radiative uncertainties in case studies to facilitate improvement of cirrus scattering models allowing a self-consistent and physically-based parameterisation of the ice crystal scattering properties.\r\n7. Through case studies using northern and mid-latitude campaign datasets, test the ice crystal scattering models and the coupled cloud-radiation parameterization by running the high-resolution version of the MO Unified Model (UM) at 1.0km resolution, with a view to incorporating the new parameterisations into the widely used UM.\r\n \r\nThe results have impacted cirrus modelling in GCMs, both for numerical weather prediction (NWP) and climate change, and in remote sensing.\r\n\r\nIn addition further objectives were to:\r\n8. Conduct a study of the moderating effect of cirrus on far-IR heating rates by comparing derived heating rates directly from the far-IR data, and comparing these to models using the newly-derived scattering properties.\r\n9. Study the spatial variability of the far-IR cirrus radiative signal as a function of the cloud structure, and determine the impact on precision of ((cirrus cloud modelling???.)) \r\n\r\n\r\n****The dataset contains full spectrum radiative measurements (125-0.3 microns) from longwave to shortwave, with state-of-the-art measurements of crystal PSDs, the ice water content and temperature etc. The ability to measure the entire spectrum from an aircraft, and so simultaneously measure the cirrus crystal types, sizes, temperature and IWC, roughness etc., is a unique facility only available on the UK FAAM aircraft. ****" } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 1370, 1371, 1372, 1373, 1374, 1375, 1376, 1377, 1378, 1379, 1380, 1381, 1382, 1383, 1384, 50835, 50836, 50837, 50839, 50840, 50841, 50842, 50843, 50844, 50845, 50846, 50847, 50848, 50849, 50855, 50856, 50857, 50928, 50929, 50930, 50931, 50932, 50933, 50935, 50936, 50937, 50938, 50939, 50940, 50941, 50951, 50953, 50956, 50958, 50959, 50960, 50961, 50962, 50963, 50964, 50965, 50966, 51043, 51302, 51486, 51492, 51493, 51494, 51495, 51496, 51497, 51498, 51499, 51500, 51501, 51502, 51503, 51504, 51505, 51506, 51513, 51515, 51516, 51517, 51518, 51519, 51520, 51521, 51522, 51524, 51525, 51526, 51527, 51528, 51529, 51530, 51531, 51533, 51535, 51536, 51537, 51538, 51540, 51541, 51542, 51543, 51544, 51545, 51546, 51547, 51548, 51549, 51550, 51551, 51552, 51553, 51554, 51555, 51556, 51557, 51558, 51560, 51561, 51562, 51563, 51564, 51565, 51566, 51567, 51568, 51569, 51570, 51571, 51572, 51573, 51574, 51575, 53404, 53405, 53406, 53407, 53408, 53409, 53410, 53411, 53412, 53413, 53414, 53415, 53416, 53417, 53418, 53419, 53420, 53421, 53422, 53423, 53424, 53425, 53426, 53427, 53428, 53429, 53430, 53431, 53432, 53672, 53673, 53674, 53677, 53678, 53682, 53685, 53686, 53687, 53688, 53689, 53690, 53691, 53692, 53693, 53694, 53695, 53696, 60856, 61969, 65836, 65842, 65843, 79219, 79224, 79225, 79385, 79844, 79846, 79853 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 15916, "uuid": "9f0eb1933ba946e9ba807c6e875a54cf", "short_code": "coll", "title": "CIRCCREX: in-situ airborne observations by the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft", "abstract": "In-situ airborne observations by the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft for Cirrus Coupled Cloud-Radiation Experiment (CIRCCREX)." }, { "ob_id": 5782, "uuid": "affe775e8d8890a4556aec5bc4e0b45c", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM) flights", "abstract": "The FAAM is a large atmospheric research BAE-146 aircraft, run by the NERC (jointly with the UK Met Office until 2019). It has been in operation since March 2004 and is at the scientists' disposal through a scheme of project selection. \r\n\r\nData collected by this aircraft is stored in the FAAM data archive and includes \"core\" data, provided by the FAAM as a support to all flight campaigns, and \"non-core\" data, the nature of which depends on the scientific goal of the campaign.\r\n\r\nFAAM instruments provide four types of data: \r\n\r\n- parameters required for aircraft navigation; \r\n- meteorology; \r\n- cloud physics; \r\n- chemical composition. \r\n\r\nThe data are accompanied by extensive metadata, including flight logs. The FAAM apparatus includes a number of core instruments permanently onboard and operated by FAAM staff members, and a variety of other instruments, grouped into chemistry kit and cloud physics kit, that can be fitted onto the aircraft on demand. \r\nFAAM is also a member of the EUropean Facility for Airborne Research (EUFAR) fleet of research aircraft.\r\n\r\nAs per NERC data policy (see documents), FAAM data are openly available upon registration with the CEDA archive (anyone can register) under the Open Government Licence. Raw data are retained for longterm preservation but are not intended for general use." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 61367, 61368, 61369, 61372, 61373, 61374, 61375, 61376, 61370, 61371 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 10645, 10644 ] }, { "ob_id": 15932, "uuid": "3d031fd113e04cab800c8fd58d1e9e61", "title": "FAAM B945 CIRCCREX flight: Airborne atmospheric measurements from core and non-core instrument suites on board the BAE-146 aircraft", "abstract": "Airborne atmospheric measurements from core and non-core instrument suites data on board the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft collected for Cirrus Coupled Cloud-Radiation Experiment (CIRCCREX) project.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.272326", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2018-08-03T07:33:49", "updateFrequency": "asNeeded", "dataLineage": "Data were collected by instrument scientists during the flight before preparation and delivery for archiving at the NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "CIRCCREX, FAAM, airborne, atmospheric measurments", "publicationState": "published", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "ongoing", "dataPublishedTime": "2016-03-24T11:15:20.245270", "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 1071, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 2.9476609230041504, "westBoundLongitude": -0.6845912337303162, "southBoundLatitude": 52.045738220214844, "northBoundLatitude": 53.037269592285156 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 15931, "dataPath": "/badc/faam/data/2016/b945-feb-18", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 1754345643, "numberOfFiles": 34, "fileFormat": "Data are netCDF and NASA-Ames formatted. Ancillary files may be plain ASCII or PDF formatted. Image files may be PNG formatted." }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 4163, "startTime": "2016-02-18T11:03:42", "endTime": "2016-02-18T16:00:10" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 3032, "explanation": "Data collected by flight participants before preparation for archival with the British Atmospheric Data Centre", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "FAAM to BADC Data Quality Statement", "date": "2015-09-03" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": { "ob_id": 15933, "uuid": "85eda826806742aca3a4183d80bbd346", "short_code": "acq", "title": "FAAM Flight B945 Acquisition", "abstract": "FAAM Flight B945 Acquisition" }, "procedureComputation": null, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 8 ], "discoveryKeywords": [ { "ob_id": 1138, "name": "NDGO0003" } ], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 12131, "uuid": "e26ea0dfa690406b8d164648661d5d39", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Cirrus Coupled Cloud-Radiation Experiment (CIRCCREX)", "abstract": "The CICCREX project was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) with the grant references - NE/K015133/1 and NE/K01515X/1. It was lead by Dr Juliet Pickering (Imperial College London) and Dr Keith Bower (The University of Manchester) between 2013-2016. \r\n\r\nThe aim of the CICCREX project was to understand the link between evolving ice cloud microphysical properties and the resulting radiative signatures of the cirrus, at the macrophysical scale, as seen from a remote sensing platform.\r\n\r\nClimate and weather prediction models demand understanding of how cirrus clouds, high in the troposphere (6-14km in altitude) affect our climate. Cirrus covers up to 30% of the globe and its effects should be accurately included in global climate models. Clouds have two main effects; they are the main atmospheric component in the hydrological cycle, but they also trap radiation, both reflecting sunlight back to space (cooling the Earth's surface) and trapping the thermal energy emitted from the surface (as they are cold, emitting less energy to space than an equivalent cloudless sky). The balance between the shortwave (sunlight) and longwave (thermal radiation) effect depends on factors such as altitude and thickness of the cloud, and the size and shape of the ice crystals that make up the cloud. The crystals can take on myriad shapes, and the shapes existing in particular clouds depend on conditions and on the evolutionary sequence that the particles experience; growing, aggregating and/or dissipating over time, dependant on the changes in temperature, humidity and meteorological environment they experience. Different crystal sizes and shapes reflect and scatter light in different ways. Some crystal shapes are efficient at reflecting sunlight, but not thermal radiation and some the other way round. The net effect of a cloud on the radiation budget depends on the microscopic shapes of the crystals inside it. By measuring both the heat emitted by the cloud and its internal crystal properties ('microphysics') we can determine the link between the two, and hence the overall effect the cloud is having on the climate. \r\n\r\nCirrus models have been derived that calculate expected response of different crystal types across the spectrum, and these are usually combined with predicted particle size and shapes (Particle Size Distributions, PSD) found from in-situ flight campaign measurements using cloud probes. These are parameterised (simplified) and used in climate models and general circulation models (GCMs), eg. in numerical weather prediction (NWP) and climate change, but these cirrus models have not been tested across the full spectrum. Some studies have been made of specific radiative properties of some crystal types in the shortwave, and of other crystal types in parts of the longwave, but there has not been a successful measurement covering the full spectrum simultaneously measuring the precise make up of the crystal sizes and types in a cloud. \r\n\r\nThis project carried out a novel flight campaign which combined full spectrum radiative measurements (125-0.3 microns) from longwave to shortwave, with state-of-the-art measurements of crystal PSDs, the ice water content and temperature etc. The project tested scattering models and PSD parameterisations used to describe cirrus cloud in atmospheric models, such as the UK MetOffice (MO) Unified model Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) with model improvements implemented by our MO project partners. \r\n\r\nThe project was possible because of NERC funded research that led to: state-of-the-art cloud probe instruments and software tools that addressed problems of ice crystal shattering at the inlet apertures and the great uncertainty in ice crystal size distributions of the past; and the development of the unique far-IR instrument TAFTS at Imperial College (IC). The ability to measure the entire spectrum from an aircraft, and so simultaneously measure the cirrus crystal types, sizes, temperature and IWC, roughness etc., is a unique facility only available on the UK FAAM aircraft. They combined radiometry in the far-IR of IC, in mid-IR to solar of MO, cloud microphysics instrumentation and expertise of Manchester and Hertfordshire Universities, and UKMO/FAAM with complementary cloud and atmospheric state measurements. This project provides a leap forward to cirrus modelling, the datasets allowing for testing and development of models and parameterizations used to predict the effect of cirrus clouds in the high troposphere.\r\n\r\nThe project's aim was to understand the link between evolving ice cloud microphysical properties and the resulting radiative signatures of the cirrus, at the macrophysical scale, as seen from a remote sensing platform. This objective was achieved through a ground breaking cirrus coupled cloud-radiation airborne campaign across the Arctic and Mid-latitudes, which obtained first time radiation measurements across the electromagnetic spectrum (visible to sub-mm wavelengths) together with state-of-the-art cloud microphysics measurements. This exploited the recent leap in advances in microphysical and radiance data quality. The project will use these unique datasets to test and facilitate improvements to cirrus scattering models and parameterizations for climate and NWP models. The goal of the project was for an accurate parameterisation of cirrus optical properties in global climate modelling and NWP.\r\n\r\nThrough a radiative closure experiment, and testing of cirrus scattering models throughout the LW and SW for the first time, they provided the evidence for a more direct coupling between cloud physics and radiation, and to show that such schemes can simulate the measured radiation fields correctly, through a direct link between GCM prognostic variables and the cirrus optical properties. Such schemes will represent a paradigm shift in GCM parameterization, as current operational GCMs rely on linking radiation to cloud physics through diagnosed quantities only. \r\n \r\nThe objectives of this project were as follows (priority here relates to the order in which the objectives will be met):\r\n1. A radiative closure cirrus cloud-radiation experiment in northern and mid latitudes.\r\n2. Obtain a well calibrated set of high resolution radiance measurements throughout the infra-red and visible spectrum, 0.3-125 microns, from above and below and within an extensive layer of well developed cirrus.\r\n3. Characterise the atmospheric column above and below the cloud layer in terms of humidity distribution, temperature structure and other key radiatively-active species.\r\n4. Map the ice crystal particle size distribution, habit types and crystal complexity (including roughness, concavity etc) within the cloud layer, to provide an accurate, well-constrained, consistent description of the microphysical state.\r\n5. Use derivatives of the macrophysical and microphysical state, including ice water content and temperature, as input into state-of-the-art scattering model codes and cirrus parameterisations, whose output (via a radiative transfer model) will be critically validated against the radiance measurements throughout the sub-mm, infrared and visible spectrum. Sensitivity of the predicted radiance to PSD, habit types, aggregate and ensemble models, crystal complexity will be investigated by reference to the microphysical datasets.\r\n6. Exploit campaign datasets and constraint of cloud microphysical and radiative uncertainties in case studies to facilitate improvement of cirrus scattering models allowing a self-consistent and physically-based parameterisation of the ice crystal scattering properties.\r\n7. Through case studies using northern and mid-latitude campaign datasets, test the ice crystal scattering models and the coupled cloud-radiation parameterization by running the high-resolution version of the MO Unified Model (UM) at 1.0km resolution, with a view to incorporating the new parameterisations into the widely used UM.\r\n \r\nThe results have impacted cirrus modelling in GCMs, both for numerical weather prediction (NWP) and climate change, and in remote sensing.\r\n\r\nIn addition further objectives were to:\r\n8. Conduct a study of the moderating effect of cirrus on far-IR heating rates by comparing derived heating rates directly from the far-IR data, and comparing these to models using the newly-derived scattering properties.\r\n9. Study the spatial variability of the far-IR cirrus radiative signal as a function of the cloud structure, and determine the impact on precision of ((cirrus cloud modelling???.)) \r\n\r\n\r\n****The dataset contains full spectrum radiative measurements (125-0.3 microns) from longwave to shortwave, with state-of-the-art measurements of crystal PSDs, the ice water content and temperature etc. The ability to measure the entire spectrum from an aircraft, and so simultaneously measure the cirrus crystal types, sizes, temperature and IWC, roughness etc., is a unique facility only available on the UK FAAM aircraft. ****" } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 1370, 1371, 1372, 1373, 1374, 1375, 1376, 1377, 1378, 1379, 1380, 1381, 1382, 1383, 1384, 1633, 3220, 3221, 3222, 3223, 3224, 3225, 3226, 3227, 3228, 3229, 3230, 3231, 3232, 3233, 3234, 3235, 3236, 3237, 3238, 3239, 3240, 3241, 3242, 3243, 3244, 3245, 3246, 3247, 3248, 3249, 3250, 3251, 3252, 3253, 3254, 3255, 3256, 3257, 3258, 3259, 3260, 3261, 3262, 3263, 3264, 3265, 3266, 3267, 3268, 3269, 3270, 3271, 3272, 3273, 3274, 3275, 3276, 3277, 3278, 3279, 3280, 3281, 3282, 3283, 3284, 3285, 3286, 3287, 3288, 3289, 3290, 3291, 3292, 3293, 3294, 3295, 3307, 3315, 3316, 3317, 3318, 3319, 3320, 3321, 3322, 3323, 3324, 3325, 3326, 3327, 3328, 3329, 3330, 3331, 3332, 3333, 3334, 3335, 3336, 3337, 3338, 3339, 3340, 3341, 3342, 3343, 3344, 3345, 14474, 14836, 14837, 14838, 14839, 14840, 14841, 14842, 14843, 14845, 14846, 14847, 14848, 14849, 14850, 14851, 14857, 14916, 14917, 14919, 14921, 14924, 14926, 14927, 14928, 14931, 14942, 14946, 14947, 15040, 15041, 15166, 15167, 15168, 15169, 15170, 15171, 15172, 15173, 15174, 15175, 15176, 15177, 15178, 15179, 15180, 15188, 15189, 15192, 15193, 15194, 15195, 15196, 15197, 15198, 15200, 15203, 15204, 15208, 15210, 15211, 15212, 15213, 15220, 15223, 15241, 15242, 15243, 15244, 15245, 15246, 15247, 15248, 15249, 15250, 15251, 15252, 15253, 15254, 15255, 15256, 15257, 15258, 15259, 15260, 15261, 15262, 15263, 15264, 15265, 15266, 15267, 15268, 15269, 15271, 15272, 15274, 15282, 15283, 15324, 15325, 15327, 15329, 15330, 15331, 15332, 15333, 15334, 15335, 15336, 15337, 15338, 15339, 15340, 15341, 15342, 15343, 15344, 15345, 15346, 15347, 15348, 15349, 15350, 15355, 15356, 15795, 15796, 15800, 15801, 15802, 15803, 15804, 15805, 15806, 15807, 15808, 15809, 15810, 15811, 15812, 15813, 15814, 15815, 15816, 15817, 15818, 15819, 15820, 15821, 15822, 15823, 15824, 15825, 15831, 15833, 15834, 15835, 15836, 15838, 15839, 15840, 16250, 16251, 16252, 16253, 16254, 16255, 16256, 16257, 16258, 16259, 16260, 16261, 25242, 25243, 25244, 25245 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 15916, "uuid": "9f0eb1933ba946e9ba807c6e875a54cf", "short_code": "coll", "title": "CIRCCREX: in-situ airborne observations by the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft", "abstract": "In-situ airborne observations by the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft for Cirrus Coupled Cloud-Radiation Experiment (CIRCCREX)." }, { "ob_id": 5782, "uuid": "affe775e8d8890a4556aec5bc4e0b45c", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM) flights", "abstract": "The FAAM is a large atmospheric research BAE-146 aircraft, run by the NERC (jointly with the UK Met Office until 2019). 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