Observation List

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                    "abstract": "The CLARIFY-2016 project was consortium of 5 university partners and the UK Met Office who aimed to measure and understand the physical, chemical, optical and radiative properties of BBAs (biomass burning aerosol) in the key South East Atlantic region. This project was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) with the grant reference - NE/L013797/1 - and was led by Professor James Haywood (University of Exeter).\r\n\r\nBiomass burning aerosol (BBA) exerts a considerable impact on climate by impacting regional radiation budgets as it significantly reflects and absorbs sunlight, and its cloud nucleating properties perturb cloud microphysics and hence affect cloud radiative properties, precipitation and cloud lifetime. However, BBA is a complex and poorly understood aerosol species as it consists of a complex cocktail of organic carbon and inorganic compounds mixed with black carbon and hence large uncertainties exist in both the aerosol-radiation-interactions and aerosol-cloud-interactions, uncertainties that limit the ability of our current climate models to accurately reconstruct past climate and predict future climate change.\r\n \r\nThe African continent is the largest global source of BBA (around 50% of global emissions) which is transported offshore over the underlying semi-permanent cloud decks making the SE Atlantic a regional hotspot for BBA concentrations. While global climate models agree that this is a regional hotspot, their results diverge dramatically when attempting to assess aerosol-radiation-interactions and aerosol-cloud-interactions. 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The UK large research aircraft (FAAM) was used to measure in-situ and remotely sensed aerosol and cloud properties while advanced radiometers on board the aircraft measured aerosol and cloud radiative impacts. 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The measurements were used to challenge, and develop improved models at different spatial scales from the cloud scale to the global scale that couple aerosols, clouds and radiation. \r\n\r\nThe enabling objectives were:- \r\nEO1: To use forecast and observations to optimise scheduling of the flight plans, balancing our operations to ensure data provision for all our enabling objectives.\r\nEO2: To characterise chemical, microphysical, optical and radiative properties of BBA over the SE Atlantic region, focussing on black carbon, absorption and single scattering albedo.\r\nEO3: To investigate the geographic and vertical profile of BBA over the region.\r\nEO4: To characterise the vertical thermodynamic structure of the MBL, residual continental polluted layer, and free troposphere and diurnal and synoptic scale variations.  \r\nEO5: To characterise broad-band and spectral reflectance of the ocean surface and stratocumulus clouds when overlying BBA is present/absent from the atmospheric column.\r\nEO6: To characterise key cloud processes and parameters such as entrainment, cloud dynamics, cloud-base updraft velocities, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), cloud droplet number concentrations (CDNC), cloud droplet effective radius, cloud liquid water path and optical depth. \r\nEO7: Use CLARIFY campaign data with representative statistical sampling as well as high-resolution models to establish robust relationships between sub-grid scale variables and large-scale model parameters suitable for constraining aerosol-cloud interactions. \r\nEO8: To use synergistic observations/model simulations to investigate impacts on NWP and climate model performance, feedback mechanisms, regional and global climate impacts and teleconnections.\r\n"
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                    "abstract": "The CLARIFY-2016 project was consortium of 5 university partners and the UK Met Office who aimed to measure and understand the physical, chemical, optical and radiative properties of BBAs (biomass burning aerosol) in the key South East Atlantic region. This project was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) with the grant reference - NE/L013797/1 - and was led by Professor James Haywood (University of Exeter).\r\n\r\nBiomass burning aerosol (BBA) exerts a considerable impact on climate by impacting regional radiation budgets as it significantly reflects and absorbs sunlight, and its cloud nucleating properties perturb cloud microphysics and hence affect cloud radiative properties, precipitation and cloud lifetime. However, BBA is a complex and poorly understood aerosol species as it consists of a complex cocktail of organic carbon and inorganic compounds mixed with black carbon and hence large uncertainties exist in both the aerosol-radiation-interactions and aerosol-cloud-interactions, uncertainties that limit the ability of our current climate models to accurately reconstruct past climate and predict future climate change.\r\n \r\nThe African continent is the largest global source of BBA (around 50% of global emissions) which is transported offshore over the underlying semi-permanent cloud decks making the SE Atlantic a regional hotspot for BBA concentrations. While global climate models agree that this is a regional hotspot, their results diverge dramatically when attempting to assess aerosol-radiation-interactions and aerosol-cloud-interactions. Hence the area presents a very stringent test for climate models which need to capture not only the aerosol geographic, vertical, absorption and scattering properties, but also the cloud geographic distribution, vertical extent and cloud reflectance properties. Similarly, in order to capture the aerosol-cloud-interactions adequately, the susceptibility of the clouds in background conditions; aerosol activation processes; uncertainty about where and when BBA aerosol is entrained into the marine boundary layer and the impact of such entrainment on the microphysical and radiative properties of the cloud result in a large uncertainty. BBA overlying cloud also causes biases in satellite retrievals of cloud properties which can cause erroneous representation of stratocumulus cloud brightness; this has been shown to cause biases in other areas of the word such as biases in precipitation in Brazil via poorly understood global teleconnection processes. \r\n\r\n\r\nThese challenges can now be addressed as both measurement methods and high resolution model capabilities have developed rapidly and are now sufficiently advanced that the processes and properties of BBA can be sufficiently constrained. This measurement/high resolution model combination can be used to challenge the representation of aerosol-radiation-interaction and aerosol-cloud-interaction in coarser resolution numerical weather prediction (NWP) and climate models. Previous measurements in the region are limited to the basic measurements made during SAFARI-2000 when the advanced measurements needed for constraining the complex cloud-aerosol-radiation had not been developed and high resolution modelling was in its infancy.\r\n\r\nThe main aims of CLARIFY-2016 were to deliver a suite of ground and aircraft measurements which measure, understand, evaluate and improve:\r\na)\tthe physical, chemical, optical and radiative properties of BBAs\r\nb)\tthe physical properties of stratocumulus clouds\r\nc)\tthe representation of aerosol-radiation interactions in weather and climate models \r\nd)\tthe representation of aerosol-cloud interactions across a range of model scales. \r\n\r\nThe main field experiment took place during September 2016, based in Walvis Bay, Namibia. 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                    "abstract": "This collection contains version 3.1 datasets produced by the Ocean Colour project of the ESA Climate Change Inititative (CCI).     The Ocean Colour CCI is producing long-term multi-sensor time-series of satellite ocean-colour data with a particular focus for use in climate studies.\r\n\r\nData products being produced include: phytoplankton chlorophyll-a concentration; remote-sensing reflectance at six wavelengths; total absorption and backscattering coefficients; phytoplankton absorption coefficient and absorption coefficients for dissolved and detrital material; and the diffuse attenuation coefficient for downwelling irradiance for light of  wavelength 490 nm.   Information on uncertainties is also provided.\r\n\r\nThis dataset collection refers to the Version 3.1 data products held in the CEDA archive covering the period 1997-2016.   Links to the individual datasets that make up this collection are given in the record below.  \r\n\r\nPlease note, this dataset has been superseded. Later versions of the data are now available."
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                    "abstract": "The National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO) has a proud tradition of being involved with some of the most successful international collaborations in the Earth observation. This Collection contains dataset generated and/or archived with the support of NCEO resource or scientific expertise. Some notable collaboration which generated data within this collection are as follows:\r\n\r\nThe European Space Agency (ESA)'s Climate Change Initiative (CCI) program. The program goal is to provide stable, long-term, satellite-based Essential Climate Variable (ECV) data products for climate modelers and researchers.\r\n\r\nThe EUSTACE (EU Surface Temperature for All Corners of Earth) project is produced publicly available daily estimates of surface air temperature since 1850 across the globe for the first time by combining surface and satellite data using novel statistical techniques.\r\n\r\nFIDUCEO has created new climate datasets from Earth Observations with a rigorous treatment of uncertainty informed by the discipline of metrology. This response to the need for enhanced credibility for climate data, to support rigorous science, decision-making and climate services. The project approach was to develop methodologies for generating Fundamental Climate Data Records (FCDRs) and Climate Data Records (CDRs) that are widely applicable and metrologically rigorous. \r\n\r\nThe “BACI” project translates satellite data streams into novel “essential biodiversity variables” by integrating ground-based observations. The trans-disciplinary project offers new insights into the functioning and state of ecosystems and biodiversity. BACI enables the user community to detect abrupt and transient changes of ecosystems and quantify the implications for regional biodiversity.\r\n\r\nThe UK Natural Environment Research Council has established a knowledge transfer network called NCAVEO (Network for Calibration and Validation of EO data - NCAVEO) which has as its aim the promotion and support of methodologies based upon quantitative, traceable measurements in Earth observation. \r\n\r\nThe Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget 1 & 2 instruments (GERB-1 and GERB-2) make accurate measurements of the Earth Radiation Budget. They are specifically designed to be mounted on a geostationary satellite and are carried onboard the Meteosat Second Generation satellites operated by EUMETSAT. They were produced by a European consortium led by the UK (NERC) together with Belgium, Italy, and EUMETSAT, with funding from national agencies.\r\n\r\nGloboLakes analysed 20 years of data from more than 1000 large lakes across the globe to determine 'what controls the differential sensitivity of lakes to environmental perturbation'. This was an ambitious project that was only possible by bringing together a consortium of scientists with complementary skills. These include expertise in remote sensing of freshwaters and processing large volumes of satellite images, collation and analysis of large-scale environmental data, environmental statistics and the assessment of data uncertainty, freshwater ecology and mechanisms of environmental change and the ability to produce lake models to forecast future lake conditions.\r\n\r\nThis SPEI collaboration consists of high spatial resolution Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) drought dataset over the whole of Africa at different time scales from 1 month to 48 months. It is calculated based on precipitation estimates from the satellite-based Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) and potential evaporation estimates by the Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM)."
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                    "title": "ESA Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (Ocean_Colour_cci):  Version 3.1 Data",
                    "abstract": "This collection contains version 3.1 datasets produced by the Ocean Colour project of the ESA Climate Change Inititative (CCI).     The Ocean Colour CCI is producing long-term multi-sensor time-series of satellite ocean-colour data with a particular focus for use in climate studies.\r\n\r\nData products being produced include: phytoplankton chlorophyll-a concentration; remote-sensing reflectance at six wavelengths; total absorption and backscattering coefficients; phytoplankton absorption coefficient and absorption coefficients for dissolved and detrital material; and the diffuse attenuation coefficient for downwelling irradiance for light of  wavelength 490 nm.   Information on uncertainties is also provided.\r\n\r\nThis dataset collection refers to the Version 3.1 data products held in the CEDA archive covering the period 1997-2016.   Links to the individual datasets that make up this collection are given in the record below.  \r\n\r\nPlease note, this dataset has been superseded. Later versions of the data are now available."
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                    "title": "ESA Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (Ocean Colour CCI) Dataset Collection",
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                    "title": "National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO) partnered datasets",
                    "abstract": "The National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO) has a proud tradition of being involved with some of the most successful international collaborations in the Earth observation. This Collection contains dataset generated and/or archived with the support of NCEO resource or scientific expertise. Some notable collaboration which generated data within this collection are as follows:\r\n\r\nThe European Space Agency (ESA)'s Climate Change Initiative (CCI) program. The program goal is to provide stable, long-term, satellite-based Essential Climate Variable (ECV) data products for climate modelers and researchers.\r\n\r\nThe EUSTACE (EU Surface Temperature for All Corners of Earth) project is produced publicly available daily estimates of surface air temperature since 1850 across the globe for the first time by combining surface and satellite data using novel statistical techniques.\r\n\r\nFIDUCEO has created new climate datasets from Earth Observations with a rigorous treatment of uncertainty informed by the discipline of metrology. This response to the need for enhanced credibility for climate data, to support rigorous science, decision-making and climate services. The project approach was to develop methodologies for generating Fundamental Climate Data Records (FCDRs) and Climate Data Records (CDRs) that are widely applicable and metrologically rigorous. \r\n\r\nThe “BACI” project translates satellite data streams into novel “essential biodiversity variables” by integrating ground-based observations. The trans-disciplinary project offers new insights into the functioning and state of ecosystems and biodiversity. BACI enables the user community to detect abrupt and transient changes of ecosystems and quantify the implications for regional biodiversity.\r\n\r\nThe UK Natural Environment Research Council has established a knowledge transfer network called NCAVEO (Network for Calibration and Validation of EO data - NCAVEO) which has as its aim the promotion and support of methodologies based upon quantitative, traceable measurements in Earth observation. \r\n\r\nThe Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget 1 & 2 instruments (GERB-1 and GERB-2) make accurate measurements of the Earth Radiation Budget. They are specifically designed to be mounted on a geostationary satellite and are carried onboard the Meteosat Second Generation satellites operated by EUMETSAT. They were produced by a European consortium led by the UK (NERC) together with Belgium, Italy, and EUMETSAT, with funding from national agencies.\r\n\r\nGloboLakes analysed 20 years of data from more than 1000 large lakes across the globe to determine 'what controls the differential sensitivity of lakes to environmental perturbation'. This was an ambitious project that was only possible by bringing together a consortium of scientists with complementary skills. These include expertise in remote sensing of freshwaters and processing large volumes of satellite images, collation and analysis of large-scale environmental data, environmental statistics and the assessment of data uncertainty, freshwater ecology and mechanisms of environmental change and the ability to produce lake models to forecast future lake conditions.\r\n\r\nThis SPEI collaboration consists of high spatial resolution Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) drought dataset over the whole of Africa at different time scales from 1 month to 48 months. It is calculated based on precipitation estimates from the satellite-based Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) and potential evaporation estimates by the Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM)."
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                    "ob_id": 10539,
                    "vocabService": "nerc_skos_vocab",
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                    "ob_id": 10676,
                    "vocabService": "clipc_skos_vocab",
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                    "vocabService": "clipc_skos_vocab",
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                {
                    "ob_id": 10582,
                    "vocabService": "nerc_skos_vocab",
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                {
                    "ob_id": 10808,
                    "vocabService": "clipc_skos_vocab",
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                    "ob_id": 10939,
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                    "uri": "http://vocab.ceda.ac.uk/collection/cci/ecv/cciecv_oceanCol",
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                    "uuid": "9c334fbe6d424a708cf3c4cf0c6a53f5",
                    "short_code": "coll",
                    "title": "ESA Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (Ocean_Colour_cci):  Version 3.1 Data",
                    "abstract": "This collection contains version 3.1 datasets produced by the Ocean Colour project of the ESA Climate Change Inititative (CCI).     The Ocean Colour CCI is producing long-term multi-sensor time-series of satellite ocean-colour data with a particular focus for use in climate studies.\r\n\r\nData products being produced include: phytoplankton chlorophyll-a concentration; remote-sensing reflectance at six wavelengths; total absorption and backscattering coefficients; phytoplankton absorption coefficient and absorption coefficients for dissolved and detrital material; and the diffuse attenuation coefficient for downwelling irradiance for light of  wavelength 490 nm.   Information on uncertainties is also provided.\r\n\r\nThis dataset collection refers to the Version 3.1 data products held in the CEDA archive covering the period 1997-2016.   Links to the individual datasets that make up this collection are given in the record below.  \r\n\r\nPlease note, this dataset has been superseded. Later versions of the data are now available."
                },
                {
                    "ob_id": 13548,
                    "uuid": "93aecb2607294e25bc4638adc800f8e7",
                    "short_code": "coll",
                    "title": "ESA Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (Ocean Colour CCI) Dataset Collection",
                    "abstract": "Datasets produced by the Ocean Colour project of the ESA Climate Change Inititative (CCI).     The Ocean Colour CCI is producing long-term multi-sensor time-series of satellite ocean-colour data with a particular focus for use in climate studies.\r\n\r\nData products being produced include: phytoplankton chlorophyll-a concentration; remote-sensing reflectance at six wavelengths; total absorption and backscattering coefficients; phytoplankton absorption coefficient and absorption coefficients for dissolved and detrital material; and the diffuse attenuation coefficient for downwelling irradiance for light of  wavelength 490 nm.   Information on uncertainties is also provided.\r\n\r\nThis dataset collection currently holds Version 1.0 data products, and later versions will be added in the future.   Note, version 2.0 data products are now currently available directly from the Ocean Colour CCI team (see link in the documentation section)."
                },
                {
                    "ob_id": 30128,
                    "uuid": "7fe9f59731ab47b6a20e792e0cba4641",
                    "short_code": "coll",
                    "title": "National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO) partnered datasets",
                    "abstract": "The National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO) has a proud tradition of being involved with some of the most successful international collaborations in the Earth observation. This Collection contains dataset generated and/or archived with the support of NCEO resource or scientific expertise. Some notable collaboration which generated data within this collection are as follows:\r\n\r\nThe European Space Agency (ESA)'s Climate Change Initiative (CCI) program. The program goal is to provide stable, long-term, satellite-based Essential Climate Variable (ECV) data products for climate modelers and researchers.\r\n\r\nThe EUSTACE (EU Surface Temperature for All Corners of Earth) project is produced publicly available daily estimates of surface air temperature since 1850 across the globe for the first time by combining surface and satellite data using novel statistical techniques.\r\n\r\nFIDUCEO has created new climate datasets from Earth Observations with a rigorous treatment of uncertainty informed by the discipline of metrology. This response to the need for enhanced credibility for climate data, to support rigorous science, decision-making and climate services. The project approach was to develop methodologies for generating Fundamental Climate Data Records (FCDRs) and Climate Data Records (CDRs) that are widely applicable and metrologically rigorous. \r\n\r\nThe “BACI” project translates satellite data streams into novel “essential biodiversity variables” by integrating ground-based observations. The trans-disciplinary project offers new insights into the functioning and state of ecosystems and biodiversity. BACI enables the user community to detect abrupt and transient changes of ecosystems and quantify the implications for regional biodiversity.\r\n\r\nThe UK Natural Environment Research Council has established a knowledge transfer network called NCAVEO (Network for Calibration and Validation of EO data - NCAVEO) which has as its aim the promotion and support of methodologies based upon quantitative, traceable measurements in Earth observation. \r\n\r\nThe Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget 1 & 2 instruments (GERB-1 and GERB-2) make accurate measurements of the Earth Radiation Budget. They are specifically designed to be mounted on a geostationary satellite and are carried onboard the Meteosat Second Generation satellites operated by EUMETSAT. They were produced by a European consortium led by the UK (NERC) together with Belgium, Italy, and EUMETSAT, with funding from national agencies.\r\n\r\nGloboLakes analysed 20 years of data from more than 1000 large lakes across the globe to determine 'what controls the differential sensitivity of lakes to environmental perturbation'. This was an ambitious project that was only possible by bringing together a consortium of scientists with complementary skills. These include expertise in remote sensing of freshwaters and processing large volumes of satellite images, collation and analysis of large-scale environmental data, environmental statistics and the assessment of data uncertainty, freshwater ecology and mechanisms of environmental change and the ability to produce lake models to forecast future lake conditions.\r\n\r\nThis SPEI collaboration consists of high spatial resolution Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) drought dataset over the whole of Africa at different time scales from 1 month to 48 months. It is calculated based on precipitation estimates from the satellite-based Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) and potential evaporation estimates by the Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM)."
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            "title": "ESA Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (Ocean_Colour_cci): Global remote sensing reflectance gridded on a sinusoidal projection, Version 3.1",
            "abstract": "The ESA Ocean Colour CCI project has produced global level 3 binned multi-sensor time-series of satellite ocean-colour data with a particular focus for use in climate studies.\r\n\r\nThis dataset contains the Version 3.1 Remote Sensing Reflectance product on a sinusoidal projection at approximately 4 km spatial resolution and at a number of time resolutions (daily, 5-day, 8-day and monthly composites).  Values for remote sensing reflectance at the sea surface are provided for the standard SeaWiFS wavelengths (412, 443, 490, 510, 555, 670nm) with pixel-by-pixel uncertainty estimates for each wavelength. These are merged products based on SeaWiFS, MERIS and Aqua-MODIS data. Note, these data are also contained within the 'All Products' dataset. \r\n\r\nThis data product is on a sinusoidal equal-area grid projection, matching the NASA standard level 3 binned projection. The default number of latitude rows is 4320, which results in a vertical bin cell size of approximately 4 km. The number of longitude columns varies according to the latitude, which permits the equal area property. Unlike the NASA format, where the bin cells that do not contain any data are omitted, the CCI format retains all cells and simply marks empty cells with a NetCDF fill value. (A separate dataset is also available for data on a geographic projection).\r\n\r\nPlease note, this dataset has been superseded. Later versions of the data are now available.",
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                    "title": "ESA Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative Project",
                    "abstract": "The European Space Agency Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (Ocean Colour CCI) project aims to produce long-term multi-sensor time-series of satellite ocean-colour data with a particular focus for use in climate studies.\r\n \r\nData products being produced include: phytoplankton chlorophyll-a concentration; remote-sensing reflectance at six wavelengths; total absorption and backscattering coefficients; phytoplankton absorption coefficient and absorption coefficients for dissolved and detrital material; and the diffuse attenuation coefficient for downwelling irradiance for light of wavelength 490 nm. Information on uncertainties is also provided."
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                    "uri": "http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0867/",
                    "resolvedTerm": "Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor - SeaWiFS"
                },
                {
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                    "vocabService": "clipc_skos_vocab",
                    "uri": "http://vocab.ceda.ac.uk/collection/cci/org/org49",
                    "resolvedTerm": "Plymouth Marine Laboratory"
                },
                {
                    "ob_id": 10539,
                    "vocabService": "nerc_skos_vocab",
                    "uri": "http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL1086/",
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                },
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                    "vocabService": "clipc_skos_vocab",
                    "uri": "http://vocab.ceda.ac.uk/collection/cci/freq/freq_5day",
                    "resolvedTerm": "5 days"
                },
                {
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                    "vocabService": "clipc_skos_vocab",
                    "uri": "http://vocab.ceda.ac.uk/collection/cci/platform/plat_aqua",
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                },
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                    "vocabService": "nerc_skos_vocab",
                    "uri": "http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL1035/",
                    "resolvedTerm": "Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer"
                },
                {
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                    "vocabService": "clipc_skos_vocab",
                    "uri": "http://vocab.ceda.ac.uk/collection/cci/platform/plat_envisat",
                    "resolvedTerm": "Envisat"
                },
                {
                    "ob_id": 10939,
                    "vocabService": "clipc_skos_vocab",
                    "uri": "http://vocab.ceda.ac.uk/collection/cci/platformProg/plat_eos",
                    "resolvedTerm": "EOS"
                },
                {
                    "ob_id": 10903,
                    "vocabService": "clipc_skos_vocab",
                    "uri": "http://vocab.ceda.ac.uk/collection/cci/platform/plat_orbview2",
                    "resolvedTerm": "Orbview-2"
                },
                {
                    "ob_id": 10234,
                    "vocabService": "clipc_skos_vocab",
                    "uri": "http://vocab-test.ceda.ac.uk/collection/cci/ecv/cciecv_oceanCol",
                    "resolvedTerm": "ocean colour"
                },
                {
                    "ob_id": 10683,
                    "vocabService": "clipc_skos_vocab",
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                },
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                    "resolvedTerm": "day"
                },
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                    "ob_id": 10984,
                    "vocabService": "clipc_skos_vocab",
                    "uri": "http://vocab.ceda.ac.uk/collection/cci/procLev/proc_level3",
                    "resolvedTerm": "Level 3"
                },
                {
                    "ob_id": 10668,
                    "vocabService": "clipc_skos_vocab",
                    "uri": "http://vocab.ceda.ac.uk/collection/cci/ecv/cciecv_oceanCol",
                    "resolvedTerm": "ocean colour"
                },
                {
                    "ob_id": 10938,
                    "vocabService": "clipc_skos_vocab",
                    "uri": "http://vocab.ceda.ac.uk/collection/cci/platformProg/plat_envisat_prog",
                    "resolvedTerm": "Environmental Satellite"
                },
                {
                    "ob_id": 11120,
                    "vocabService": "clipc_skos_vocab",
                    "uri": "http://vocab.ceda.ac.uk/collection/cci/sensor/sens_seaWiFs",
                    "resolvedTerm": "SeaWiFS"
                },
                {
                    "ob_id": 11103,
                    "vocabService": "clipc_skos_vocab",
                    "uri": "http://vocab.ceda.ac.uk/collection/cci/sensor/sens_meris",
                    "resolvedTerm": "MERIS"
                },
                {
                    "ob_id": 11105,
                    "vocabService": "clipc_skos_vocab",
                    "uri": "http://vocab.ceda.ac.uk/collection/cci/sensor/sens_modis",
                    "resolvedTerm": "MODIS"
                },
                {
                    "ob_id": 11056,
                    "vocabService": "clipc_skos_vocab",
                    "uri": "http://vocab.ceda.ac.uk/collection/cci/sensor/sens_viirs",
                    "resolvedTerm": "VIIRS"
                },
                {
                    "ob_id": 10914,
                    "vocabService": "clipc_skos_vocab",
                    "uri": "http://vocab.ceda.ac.uk/collection/cci/platform/plat_snpp",
                    "resolvedTerm": "SNPP"
                }
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                    "ob_id": 25390,
                    "uuid": "9c334fbe6d424a708cf3c4cf0c6a53f5",
                    "short_code": "coll",
                    "title": "ESA Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (Ocean_Colour_cci):  Version 3.1 Data",
                    "abstract": "This collection contains version 3.1 datasets produced by the Ocean Colour project of the ESA Climate Change Inititative (CCI).     The Ocean Colour CCI is producing long-term multi-sensor time-series of satellite ocean-colour data with a particular focus for use in climate studies.\r\n\r\nData products being produced include: phytoplankton chlorophyll-a concentration; remote-sensing reflectance at six wavelengths; total absorption and backscattering coefficients; phytoplankton absorption coefficient and absorption coefficients for dissolved and detrital material; and the diffuse attenuation coefficient for downwelling irradiance for light of  wavelength 490 nm.   Information on uncertainties is also provided.\r\n\r\nThis dataset collection refers to the Version 3.1 data products held in the CEDA archive covering the period 1997-2016.   Links to the individual datasets that make up this collection are given in the record below.  \r\n\r\nPlease note, this dataset has been superseded. Later versions of the data are now available."
                },
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                    "abstract": "Datasets produced by the Ocean Colour project of the ESA Climate Change Inititative (CCI).     The Ocean Colour CCI is producing long-term multi-sensor time-series of satellite ocean-colour data with a particular focus for use in climate studies.\r\n\r\nData products being produced include: phytoplankton chlorophyll-a concentration; remote-sensing reflectance at six wavelengths; total absorption and backscattering coefficients; phytoplankton absorption coefficient and absorption coefficients for dissolved and detrital material; and the diffuse attenuation coefficient for downwelling irradiance for light of  wavelength 490 nm.   Information on uncertainties is also provided.\r\n\r\nThis dataset collection currently holds Version 1.0 data products, and later versions will be added in the future.   Note, version 2.0 data products are now currently available directly from the Ocean Colour CCI team (see link in the documentation section)."
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                    "title": "CLouds and Aerosol Radiative Impacts and Forcing: Year 2016 (CLARIFY-2016)",
                    "abstract": "The CLARIFY-2016 project was consortium of 5 university partners and the UK Met Office who aimed to measure and understand the physical, chemical, optical and radiative properties of BBAs (biomass burning aerosol) in the key South East Atlantic region. This project was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) with the grant reference - NE/L013797/1 - and was led by Professor James Haywood (University of Exeter).\r\n\r\nBiomass burning aerosol (BBA) exerts a considerable impact on climate by impacting regional radiation budgets as it significantly reflects and absorbs sunlight, and its cloud nucleating properties perturb cloud microphysics and hence affect cloud radiative properties, precipitation and cloud lifetime. However, BBA is a complex and poorly understood aerosol species as it consists of a complex cocktail of organic carbon and inorganic compounds mixed with black carbon and hence large uncertainties exist in both the aerosol-radiation-interactions and aerosol-cloud-interactions, uncertainties that limit the ability of our current climate models to accurately reconstruct past climate and predict future climate change.\r\n \r\nThe African continent is the largest global source of BBA (around 50% of global emissions) which is transported offshore over the underlying semi-permanent cloud decks making the SE Atlantic a regional hotspot for BBA concentrations. While global climate models agree that this is a regional hotspot, their results diverge dramatically when attempting to assess aerosol-radiation-interactions and aerosol-cloud-interactions. Hence the area presents a very stringent test for climate models which need to capture not only the aerosol geographic, vertical, absorption and scattering properties, but also the cloud geographic distribution, vertical extent and cloud reflectance properties. Similarly, in order to capture the aerosol-cloud-interactions adequately, the susceptibility of the clouds in background conditions; aerosol activation processes; uncertainty about where and when BBA aerosol is entrained into the marine boundary layer and the impact of such entrainment on the microphysical and radiative properties of the cloud result in a large uncertainty. BBA overlying cloud also causes biases in satellite retrievals of cloud properties which can cause erroneous representation of stratocumulus cloud brightness; this has been shown to cause biases in other areas of the word such as biases in precipitation in Brazil via poorly understood global teleconnection processes. \r\n\r\n\r\nThese challenges can now be addressed as both measurement methods and high resolution model capabilities have developed rapidly and are now sufficiently advanced that the processes and properties of BBA can be sufficiently constrained. This measurement/high resolution model combination can be used to challenge the representation of aerosol-radiation-interaction and aerosol-cloud-interaction in coarser resolution numerical weather prediction (NWP) and climate models. Previous measurements in the region are limited to the basic measurements made during SAFARI-2000 when the advanced measurements needed for constraining the complex cloud-aerosol-radiation had not been developed and high resolution modelling was in its infancy.\r\n\r\nThe main aims of CLARIFY-2016 were to deliver a suite of ground and aircraft measurements which measure, understand, evaluate and improve:\r\na)\tthe physical, chemical, optical and radiative properties of BBAs\r\nb)\tthe physical properties of stratocumulus clouds\r\nc)\tthe representation of aerosol-radiation interactions in weather and climate models \r\nd)\tthe representation of aerosol-cloud interactions across a range of model scales. \r\n\r\nThe main field experiment took place during September 2016, based in Walvis Bay, Namibia. The UK large research aircraft (FAAM) was used to measure in-situ and remotely sensed aerosol and cloud properties while advanced radiometers on board the aircraft measured aerosol and cloud radiative impacts. 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                    "abstract": "The CLARIFY-2016 project was consortium of 5 university partners and the UK Met Office who aimed to measure and understand the physical, chemical, optical and radiative properties of BBAs (biomass burning aerosol) in the key South East Atlantic region. This project was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) with the grant reference - NE/L013797/1 - and was led by Professor James Haywood (University of Exeter).\r\n\r\nBiomass burning aerosol (BBA) exerts a considerable impact on climate by impacting regional radiation budgets as it significantly reflects and absorbs sunlight, and its cloud nucleating properties perturb cloud microphysics and hence affect cloud radiative properties, precipitation and cloud lifetime. However, BBA is a complex and poorly understood aerosol species as it consists of a complex cocktail of organic carbon and inorganic compounds mixed with black carbon and hence large uncertainties exist in both the aerosol-radiation-interactions and aerosol-cloud-interactions, uncertainties that limit the ability of our current climate models to accurately reconstruct past climate and predict future climate change.\r\n \r\nThe African continent is the largest global source of BBA (around 50% of global emissions) which is transported offshore over the underlying semi-permanent cloud decks making the SE Atlantic a regional hotspot for BBA concentrations. While global climate models agree that this is a regional hotspot, their results diverge dramatically when attempting to assess aerosol-radiation-interactions and aerosol-cloud-interactions. Hence the area presents a very stringent test for climate models which need to capture not only the aerosol geographic, vertical, absorption and scattering properties, but also the cloud geographic distribution, vertical extent and cloud reflectance properties. Similarly, in order to capture the aerosol-cloud-interactions adequately, the susceptibility of the clouds in background conditions; aerosol activation processes; uncertainty about where and when BBA aerosol is entrained into the marine boundary layer and the impact of such entrainment on the microphysical and radiative properties of the cloud result in a large uncertainty. BBA overlying cloud also causes biases in satellite retrievals of cloud properties which can cause erroneous representation of stratocumulus cloud brightness; this has been shown to cause biases in other areas of the word such as biases in precipitation in Brazil via poorly understood global teleconnection processes. \r\n\r\n\r\nThese challenges can now be addressed as both measurement methods and high resolution model capabilities have developed rapidly and are now sufficiently advanced that the processes and properties of BBA can be sufficiently constrained. This measurement/high resolution model combination can be used to challenge the representation of aerosol-radiation-interaction and aerosol-cloud-interaction in coarser resolution numerical weather prediction (NWP) and climate models. Previous measurements in the region are limited to the basic measurements made during SAFARI-2000 when the advanced measurements needed for constraining the complex cloud-aerosol-radiation had not been developed and high resolution modelling was in its infancy.\r\n\r\nThe main aims of CLARIFY-2016 were to deliver a suite of ground and aircraft measurements which measure, understand, evaluate and improve:\r\na)\tthe physical, chemical, optical and radiative properties of BBAs\r\nb)\tthe physical properties of stratocumulus clouds\r\nc)\tthe representation of aerosol-radiation interactions in weather and climate models \r\nd)\tthe representation of aerosol-cloud interactions across a range of model scales. \r\n\r\nThe main field experiment took place during September 2016, based in Walvis Bay, Namibia. 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                    "abstract": "The Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget (GERB) instrument makes accurate measurements of the Earth Radiation Budget. It was specifically designed to be mounted on a geostationary satellite and was carried onboard the Meteosat Second Generation satellite operated by European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT). The first GERB instrument, GERB-2, was onboard Meteosat Second Generation satellite, MSG-1, and began transmitting data on 12th December 2002. GERB-1 was launched onboard MSG-2 on 21st December 2005. Future GERB sensors units are planned for MSG-3 and MSG-4. \r\n\r\nThis dataset collection contains the incident and reflected solar radiation together with thermal radiation emitted by the Earth's atmosphere. The amount of solar radiation absorbed is the difference between the the incoming and reflected solar radiation and is the energy source of the Earth-atmosphere system. The thermal radiation emitted by the atmosphere is the only sink of energy so, therefore, the budget is the difference between the two. Seasonal changes in the ERB are mainly due to changes in incoming solar radiation but there is a large amount of variability on timescales of hours to days, mainly due to clouds. The global coverage and sampling frequency required for accurate climate models requires that ERB measurements are made from satellites."
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                    "title": "National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO) partnered datasets",
                    "abstract": "The National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO) has a proud tradition of being involved with some of the most successful international collaborations in the Earth observation. This Collection contains dataset generated and/or archived with the support of NCEO resource or scientific expertise. Some notable collaboration which generated data within this collection are as follows:\r\n\r\nThe European Space Agency (ESA)'s Climate Change Initiative (CCI) program. The program goal is to provide stable, long-term, satellite-based Essential Climate Variable (ECV) data products for climate modelers and researchers.\r\n\r\nThe EUSTACE (EU Surface Temperature for All Corners of Earth) project is produced publicly available daily estimates of surface air temperature since 1850 across the globe for the first time by combining surface and satellite data using novel statistical techniques.\r\n\r\nFIDUCEO has created new climate datasets from Earth Observations with a rigorous treatment of uncertainty informed by the discipline of metrology. This response to the need for enhanced credibility for climate data, to support rigorous science, decision-making and climate services. The project approach was to develop methodologies for generating Fundamental Climate Data Records (FCDRs) and Climate Data Records (CDRs) that are widely applicable and metrologically rigorous. \r\n\r\nThe “BACI” project translates satellite data streams into novel “essential biodiversity variables” by integrating ground-based observations. The trans-disciplinary project offers new insights into the functioning and state of ecosystems and biodiversity. BACI enables the user community to detect abrupt and transient changes of ecosystems and quantify the implications for regional biodiversity.\r\n\r\nThe UK Natural Environment Research Council has established a knowledge transfer network called NCAVEO (Network for Calibration and Validation of EO data - NCAVEO) which has as its aim the promotion and support of methodologies based upon quantitative, traceable measurements in Earth observation. \r\n\r\nThe Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget 1 & 2 instruments (GERB-1 and GERB-2) make accurate measurements of the Earth Radiation Budget. They are specifically designed to be mounted on a geostationary satellite and are carried onboard the Meteosat Second Generation satellites operated by EUMETSAT. They were produced by a European consortium led by the UK (NERC) together with Belgium, Italy, and EUMETSAT, with funding from national agencies.\r\n\r\nGloboLakes analysed 20 years of data from more than 1000 large lakes across the globe to determine 'what controls the differential sensitivity of lakes to environmental perturbation'. This was an ambitious project that was only possible by bringing together a consortium of scientists with complementary skills. These include expertise in remote sensing of freshwaters and processing large volumes of satellite images, collation and analysis of large-scale environmental data, environmental statistics and the assessment of data uncertainty, freshwater ecology and mechanisms of environmental change and the ability to produce lake models to forecast future lake conditions.\r\n\r\nThis SPEI collaboration consists of high spatial resolution Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) drought dataset over the whole of Africa at different time scales from 1 month to 48 months. It is calculated based on precipitation estimates from the satellite-based Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) and potential evaporation estimates by the Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM)."
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