Observation List
Get a list of Observation objects.
GET /api/v3/observations/?format=api&offset=9800
{ "count": 10256, "next": "https://api.catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/api/v3/observations/?format=api&limit=100&offset=9900", "previous": "https://api.catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/api/v3/observations/?format=api&limit=100&offset=9700", "results": [ { "ob_id": 44071, "uuid": "f2f4decdc409416f88766384c3eecfcc", "title": "SSP370-126aer data produced by the UKESM1-0-LL model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the SSP370-126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using UKESM1-0-LL. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe SSP370-126aer coupled transient experiment runs from January 2015 to at least February 2051. Global aerosol and precursor emissions (SO2, black carbon and organic carbon) are taken from SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use follow SSP3-7.0.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nUKESM1: the United Kingdom Earth System Model UKESM1\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T15:03:50.150801", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T15:03:50", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050. \r\n\r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2026-02-11T16:26:14", "doiPublishedTime": "2026-02-13T12:14:59.575453", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4684, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44072, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/MOHC/UKESM1-0-LL/ssp370-126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 1599924320410, "numberOfFiles": 1834, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12052, "startTime": "2015-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2075-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4657, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43456, "uuid": "cf7f9d78c4d7425f9b0b45f44f63ec19", "short_code": "comp", "title": "UKESM1-0-LL", "abstract": "The UKESM1.0-N96ORCA1 climate model, released in 2018, includes the following components:\r\naerosol: UKCA-GLOMAP-mode, atmos: MetUM-HadGEM3-GA7.1 (N96; 192 x 144 longitude/latitude; 85 levels; top level 85 km), atmosChem: UKCA-StratTrop, land: JULES-ES-1.0, ocean: NEMO-HadGEM3-GO6.0 (eORCA1 tripolar primarily 1 deg with meridional refinement down to 1/3 degree in the tropics; 360 x 330 longitude/latitude; 75 levels; top grid cell 0-1 m), ocnBgchem: MEDUSA2, seaIce: CICE-HadGEM3-GSI8 (eORCA1 tripolar primarily 1 deg; 360 x 330 longitude/latitude). \r\n\r\nThe model was run by the National Centre for Atmospheric Science at the Met Office Hadley Centre, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, UK (MOHC) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 6255, 7795, 27828, 27829, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50423, 50424, 50426, 50427, 50428, 50437, 50445, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50542, 50543, 50552, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50568, 50569, 50570, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50609, 50610, 50611, 50613, 50614, 50615, 50616, 52744, 52745, 52755, 54211, 54215, 54242, 54252, 54265, 54268, 54300, 54302, 54340, 54372, 54442, 54454, 54810, 54811, 54813, 54829, 59480, 59481, 60438, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71615, 71618, 71627, 71632, 71633, 71646, 71648, 71659, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71802, 71820, 71825, 71854, 79247, 79856, 79857, 82146, 82152 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13719 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44069, "uuid": "63233813672245a2ba3c6de90c4cfaee", "short_code": "coll", "title": "UKESM1-0-LL output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 and Tier 2 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using UKESM1-0-LL. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2075 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 216678, 210733, 210734, 210735, 210736, 210737, 210738, 210739, 210740, 210741, 210742, 210743, 210744, 210745 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92750, 92751 ] }, { "ob_id": 44073, "uuid": "c6fb411cd55f4420ab55d0f387577f8a", "title": "SSP370-NAE126aer data produced by the UKESM1-0-LL model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the SSP370-NAE126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using UKESM1-0-LL. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe SSP370-NAE126aer coupled transient experiment runs from January 2015 to at least February 2051. Aerosol and precursor emissions (SO2, black carbon and organic carbon) over North America and Europe are taken from SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use follow SSP3-7.0. North America and Europe are the regions bounded by 150W, 45W, 25N and 70N, and 20W, 45E, 35N, and 70N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nUKESM1: the United Kingdom Earth System Model UKESM1\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T15:03:50.150801", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T15:03:50", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050. \r\n\r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2026-02-12T09:11:40", "doiPublishedTime": "2026-02-13T12:14:20.067187", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4684, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44074, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/MOHC/UKESM1-0-LL/ssp370-nae126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 1747349983749, "numberOfFiles": 1812, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12052, "startTime": "2015-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2075-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4657, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43456, "uuid": "cf7f9d78c4d7425f9b0b45f44f63ec19", "short_code": "comp", "title": "UKESM1-0-LL", "abstract": "The UKESM1.0-N96ORCA1 climate model, released in 2018, includes the following components:\r\naerosol: UKCA-GLOMAP-mode, atmos: MetUM-HadGEM3-GA7.1 (N96; 192 x 144 longitude/latitude; 85 levels; top level 85 km), atmosChem: UKCA-StratTrop, land: JULES-ES-1.0, ocean: NEMO-HadGEM3-GO6.0 (eORCA1 tripolar primarily 1 deg with meridional refinement down to 1/3 degree in the tropics; 360 x 330 longitude/latitude; 75 levels; top grid cell 0-1 m), ocnBgchem: MEDUSA2, seaIce: CICE-HadGEM3-GSI8 (eORCA1 tripolar primarily 1 deg; 360 x 330 longitude/latitude). \r\n\r\nThe model was run by the National Centre for Atmospheric Science at the Met Office Hadley Centre, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, UK (MOHC) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 6255, 7795, 27828, 27829, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50423, 50424, 50426, 50427, 50428, 50437, 50445, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50542, 50543, 50552, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50568, 50569, 50570, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50609, 50610, 50611, 50613, 50614, 50615, 50616, 52744, 52745, 52755, 54211, 54215, 54242, 54252, 54265, 54268, 54300, 54302, 54340, 54372, 54442, 54454, 54810, 54811, 54813, 54829, 59480, 59481, 60438, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71615, 71618, 71627, 71632, 71633, 71646, 71648, 71659, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71802, 71820, 71825, 71854, 79247, 79856, 79857, 82146, 82152 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13718 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44069, "uuid": "63233813672245a2ba3c6de90c4cfaee", "short_code": "coll", "title": "UKESM1-0-LL output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 and Tier 2 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using UKESM1-0-LL. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2075 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 216679, 210747, 210748, 210746, 210752, 210749, 210750, 210751, 210753, 210754, 210755, 210756, 210757, 210758 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92752, 92753 ] }, { "ob_id": 44075, "uuid": "b4f239aec02745f49f2649109808ef70", "title": "SSP370-AFR126aer data produced by the UKESM1-0-LL model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the SSP370-AFR126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using UKESM1-0-LL. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe SSP370-AFR126aer coupled transient experiment runs from January 2015 to at least February 2051. Aerosol and precursor emissions (SO2, black carbon and organic carbon) over Africa and the Middle East are taken from SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use follow SSP3-7.0. Africa and the Middle East is the region bounded by 20W, 60E, 35S, and 35N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nUKESM1: the United Kingdom Earth System Model UKESM1\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T15:03:50.150801", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T15:03:50", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050. \r\n\r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2026-02-12T09:12:59", "doiPublishedTime": "2026-02-13T12:12:52", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4684, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44076, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/MOHC/UKESM1-0-LL/ssp370-afr126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 1623717579870, "numberOfFiles": 1809, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12052, "startTime": "2015-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2075-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4657, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43456, "uuid": "cf7f9d78c4d7425f9b0b45f44f63ec19", "short_code": "comp", "title": "UKESM1-0-LL", "abstract": "The UKESM1.0-N96ORCA1 climate model, released in 2018, includes the following components:\r\naerosol: UKCA-GLOMAP-mode, atmos: MetUM-HadGEM3-GA7.1 (N96; 192 x 144 longitude/latitude; 85 levels; top level 85 km), atmosChem: UKCA-StratTrop, land: JULES-ES-1.0, ocean: NEMO-HadGEM3-GO6.0 (eORCA1 tripolar primarily 1 deg with meridional refinement down to 1/3 degree in the tropics; 360 x 330 longitude/latitude; 75 levels; top grid cell 0-1 m), ocnBgchem: MEDUSA2, seaIce: CICE-HadGEM3-GSI8 (eORCA1 tripolar primarily 1 deg; 360 x 330 longitude/latitude). \r\n\r\nThe model was run by the National Centre for Atmospheric Science at the Met Office Hadley Centre, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, UK (MOHC) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. 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Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. 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For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 216680, 210759, 210760, 210761, 210762, 210763, 210764, 210765, 210766, 210767, 210768, 210769, 210770, 210771 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92754, 92755 ] }, { "ob_id": 44077, "uuid": "15b583553baf43ae99d3702fe52b7dfe", "title": "SSP370-EAS126aer data produced by the UKESM1-0-LL model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the SSP370-EAS126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using UKESM1-0-LL. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe SSP370-EAS126aer coupled transient experiment runs from January 2015 to at least February 2051. Aerosol and precursor emissions (SO2, black carbon and organic carbon) over East Asia are taken from SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use follow SSP3-7.0. East Asia is the region bounded by 95 and 133E and 20 and 53N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nUKESM1: the United Kingdom Earth System Model UKESM1\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T15:03:50.150801", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T15:03:50", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050. \r\n\r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2026-02-12T09:12:31", "doiPublishedTime": "2026-02-13T12:12:13.566304", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4684, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44078, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/MOHC/UKESM1-0-LL/ssp370-eas126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 1557819914356, "numberOfFiles": 1831, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12052, "startTime": "2015-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2075-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4657, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43456, "uuid": "cf7f9d78c4d7425f9b0b45f44f63ec19", "short_code": "comp", "title": "UKESM1-0-LL", "abstract": "The UKESM1.0-N96ORCA1 climate model, released in 2018, includes the following components:\r\naerosol: UKCA-GLOMAP-mode, atmos: MetUM-HadGEM3-GA7.1 (N96; 192 x 144 longitude/latitude; 85 levels; top level 85 km), atmosChem: UKCA-StratTrop, land: JULES-ES-1.0, ocean: NEMO-HadGEM3-GO6.0 (eORCA1 tripolar primarily 1 deg with meridional refinement down to 1/3 degree in the tropics; 360 x 330 longitude/latitude; 75 levels; top grid cell 0-1 m), ocnBgchem: MEDUSA2, seaIce: CICE-HadGEM3-GSI8 (eORCA1 tripolar primarily 1 deg; 360 x 330 longitude/latitude). \r\n\r\nThe model was run by the National Centre for Atmospheric Science at the Met Office Hadley Centre, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, UK (MOHC) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. 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These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nUKESM1: the United Kingdom Earth System Model UKESM1\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T15:03:50.150801", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T15:03:50", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. 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This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 6255, 7795, 27828, 27829, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50423, 50424, 50426, 50427, 50428, 50437, 50445, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50542, 50543, 50552, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50568, 50569, 50570, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50609, 50610, 50611, 50613, 50614, 50615, 50616, 52744, 52745, 52755, 54211, 54215, 54242, 54252, 54265, 54268, 54300, 54302, 54340, 54372, 54442, 54454, 54810, 54811, 54813, 54829, 59480, 59481, 60438, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71615, 71618, 71627, 71632, 71633, 71646, 71648, 71659, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71802, 71820, 71825, 71854, 79247, 79856, 79857, 82146, 82152 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13715 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44069, "uuid": "63233813672245a2ba3c6de90c4cfaee", "short_code": "coll", "title": "UKESM1-0-LL output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 and Tier 2 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using UKESM1-0-LL. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2075 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 216682, 210785, 210786, 210787, 210788, 210789, 210790, 210791, 210792, 210793, 210794, 210795, 210796, 210797 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92758, 92759 ] }, { "ob_id": 44085, "uuid": "e8ff943a6e304f8584ce0fb805974754", "title": "WESCON- Meteorological data from the Met Office AIMMS-30 instrument on board the JADE-one Dimona aircraft", "abstract": "Atmospheric data from the Met Office AIMMS-30: Aircraft Integrated Meteorological Measurement System onboard the JADE-one Dimona HK36 aircraft, operated by Jade University of Applied Sciences for 16 flights over the UK for WESCON - the WESsex Summertime CONvection project.\r\n\r\nThese flights took a range of paths across the area to coincide with ground-based radar observations at Chilbolton, Wardon Hill and Lyneham, and with FAAM and Uncrewed Airborne System (UAS) flights.\r\nDetails are:\r\no\tD00c - Calibration flight\r\no\tD001 - Salisbury Plain Training Area circuits\r\no\tD002 - Salisbury Plain Training Area circuits and FAAM intercomparison\r\no\tD003 - Chilbolton - Wardon Hill radars circuit\r\no\tD004/D005 Chilbolton - Wardon Hill radars circuit\r\no\tD006 Lyneham radar circuit\r\no\tD007 - Three circuits of the region\r\no\tD008 - L-patterns around Chilbolton. AIMMS calibration manoeuvres\r\no\tD009 - three L-patterns\r\no\tD010 - long flight-leg L-patterns\r\no\tD011 - long flight -leg L-patterns to coincide with FAAM measurements\r\no\tD012 - long flight -leg L-patterns to coincide with FAAM measurements, plus Chilbolton overflight\r\no\tD013 - long flight -legs including close passes of Chilbolton and ground sites\r\no\tD014 - long flight -leg L-patterns to coincide with regions of triple-Doppler radar overlap and UAS flights at Chilbolton\r\no\tD015 - FAAM intercomparison flight-legs and Chilbolton overflight in vicinity of UAS flights", "creationDate": "2025-04-15T11:20:52.606175", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-04-15T10:27:28", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-05-16T02:02:42", "updateFrequency": "", "dataLineage": "Data were produced by the project team and supplied for archiving at the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aircraft, temperature, dew point, pressure, humidity, winds, water vapour, water, vapor", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-15T12:16:01", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-05-15T13:10:18.490635", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4754, "bboxName": "WESCON-Dimona", "eastBoundLongitude": -1.14074, "westBoundLongitude": -2.69835, "southBoundLatitude": 50.82125, "northBoundLatitude": 51.67378 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44081, "dataPath": "/badc/woest/data/jade-dimona/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 6519730673, "numberOfFiles": 33, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12309, "startTime": "2023-06-09T13:17:42", "endTime": "2023-07-25T13:46:41" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4731, "explanation": "Data are as supplied by the project team. No quality conformance information is available", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-05-15" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": { "ob_id": 44084, "uuid": "fdf4b5597b034c7e9cb0001486c254d1", "short_code": "acq", "title": "Met Office Aimms-30 on JADE-one Dimona for WESCON", "abstract": "Met Office Aimms-30 on JADE-one Dimona for WESCON" }, "procedureComputation": null, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2561, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "public", "accessRoles": null, "label": "public: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 32, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/non-commercial-government-licence/version/2/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 6, "classification": "personal" }, { "ob_id": 4, "classification": "academic" }, { "ob_id": 5, "classification": "policy" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 37501, "uuid": "3c72b5d38e9a499ead03e9e5f140972d", "short_code": "proj", "title": "WesCon: Wessex Convection experiment", "abstract": "WesCon was a UK summer convection experiment in 2023 funded by the Met Office. It focused on understanding dynamical aspects of convection to provide observational data to develop next generation km scale and urban-scale models to improve prediction of convective storms in km scale Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) and climate models.\r\n\r\nThe emphasis of WesCon was understanding of dynamical processes (particularly updrafts and turbulence) and their interaction with other processes of importance. \r\n\r\nThe project involved the use of the FAAM Bae-146 aircraft, the Jade-Dimona aircraft and groundbased instruments at Cardington, Netheravon, and nearby ground sites. This project ran in conjunction with WOEST: WesCon - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence project involving groundbased, sonde and radar observations. Both WesCon and WOEST were part of the wider ParaChute programme.\r\n\r\nThe Wessex Convection experiment (WesCon) took place from during summer 2023" } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 62666, 75968, 75969, 75970, 75971, 75972, 75973, 75974, 75975, 75976, 75977, 75978, 75979, 75980, 75981, 75982, 75983, 75984, 75985, 75986, 75987, 75988, 75989, 75990, 75991, 75992, 75993, 75994, 75995, 75996, 75997, 75998, 75999, 76000, 76001, 76002, 76003, 76004, 76005, 76006, 76007, 76008, 76009, 76010, 76011, 76012, 76013 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13384 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 37504, "uuid": "69bbdb1aedcb40fc9ff3e324b693f8b5", "short_code": "coll", "title": "WesCon: in-situ airborne observations by the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft and Jade-one Dimona aircraft", "abstract": "In-situ airborne observations by the FAAM BAE-146 aircraft for WesCon: Wessex summertime convection experiment. \r\nMeteorological in-situ data were collected by a range of instruments on board the FAAM BAe-146 aircraft and the Jade-one Dimona aircraft during a series of flights from May to August 2023 over the southern UK.\r\nThese airborne measurements were made to complement groundbased, sonde and radar observations made for the concurrent WesCon - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST) project." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 210801, 210802, 210803, 210804, 210805, 210806, 210807, 210808, 210823 ], "onlineresource_set": [] }, { "ob_id": 44088, "uuid": "9cf07e92afaa405da4f40b6733f362d3", "title": "CRU TS4.09: Climatic Research Unit (CRU) Time-Series (TS) version 4.09 of high-resolution gridded data of month-by-month variation in climate (Jan. 1901- Dec. 2024)", "abstract": "The gridded Climatic Research Unit (CRU) Time-series (TS) data version 4.09 data are month-by-month variations in climate over the period 1901-2024, provided on high-resolution (0.5x0.5 degree) grids, produced by CRU at the University of East Anglia and funded by the UK National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS), a NERC collaborative centre.\r\n\r\nThe CRU TS4.09 variables are cloud cover, diurnal temperature range, frost day frequency, wet day frequency, potential evapotranspiration (PET), precipitation, daily mean temperature, monthly average daily maximum and minimum temperature, and vapour pressure for the period January 1901 - December 2024.\r\n\r\nThe CRU TS4.09 data were produced using angular-distance weighting (ADW) interpolation. All versions prior to 4.00 used triangulation routines in IDL. Please see the release notes for full details of this version update. \r\n\r\nThe CRU TS4.09 data are monthly gridded fields based on monthly observational data calculated from daily or sub-daily data by National Meteorological Services and other external agents. The ASCII and NetCDF data files both contain monthly mean values for the various parameters. The NetCDF versions contain an additional integer variable, ’stn’, which provides, for each datum in the main variable, a count (between 0 and 8) of the number of stations used in that interpolation. The missing value code for 'stn' is -999.\r\n\r\nAll CRU TS output files are actual values - NOT anomalies.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-04-18T01:57:02", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The CRU TS data are produced by the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) at the University of East Anglia and are passed to the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) for long-term archival and distribution. Previous releases of the CRU TS data include:\r\nCRU TS 4.09 was provided to CEDA for archival in April 2024.\r\n\r\nCRU TS 4.08 was provided to CEDA for archival in July 2024.\r\n\r\nCRU TS 4.07 was provided to CEDA for archival in June 2023.\r\n\r\nCRU TS 4.06 was provided to CEDA for archival in May 2022.\r\n\r\nCRU TS 4.05 was provided to CEDA for archival in June 2021.\r\n\r\nCRU TS 4.04 was provided to CEDA for archival in April 2020.\r\n\r\nCRU TS 4.03 was provided to CEDA for archival in May 2019. \r\n\r\nCRU TS 4.02 was provided to CEDA for archival in December 2018. \r\n\r\nCRU TS 4.01 was provided to CEDA for archival in September 2017. \r\n\r\nCRU TS 4.00 was provided to CEDA for archival in March 2017. \r\n\r\nCRU TS 3.24.01 was provided to CEDA for archival in January 2017. This is the latest version available and is a replacement for the withdrawn dataset 3.24, it supersedes all previous data versions (which are available to allow user comparisons)\r\n\r\nCRU TS 3.24 was provided to CEDA for archival in July 2016. This is the latest version available, superseding all previous data versions (which are available to allow user comparisons), v3.24 has been withdrawn.\r\n\r\nCRU TS 3.23 was provided to CEDA in October 2015 by CRU. This is the latest version available, superseding all previous data versions (which are available to allow user comparisons).\r\n\r\nCRU TS 3.22 was provided to CEDA for archival in July 2014 by CRU.\r\n\r\nCRU TS 3.21 was provided to CEDA for archival in July 2013 by CRU.\r\n\r\nCRU TS 3.20 was produced in December 2012.\r\nIn March 2013, CRU TS observation databases for TMP and PRE variables were provided by CRU. Others are in preparation. In July 2013, two errors were found in the PRE and WET variables of CRU TS v3.20. These have been repaired in CRU TS v3.21. Details of the errors found are available in the Release Notes in the archive.\r\n\r\nCRU TS 3.10.01 In July 2012, systematic errors were discovered in the CRUTS v3.10 process. The effect was, in some cases, to reduce the gridded values for PRE and therefore WET. Values of FRS were found to be unrealistic in some areas due to the algorithms used for synthetic generation. The files (pre, frs and wet) were immediately removed from BADC. The corrected run for precipitation, based on the v3.10 precipitation station data, was generated as a direct replacement and given the version number 3.10.01. There were no corrected runs produced for wet and frs.\r\n\r\nCRU TS 3.00 data files acquired directly from CRU in 2007. CRU provided the BADC with software to generate the CRU datasets in 2010, and this was used to produce CRU TS 3.10 at the BADC in early 2011.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "CRU, CRU TS, 4.09, CRU TS4.09, CRU TS 4, CRU TS 4.09,atmosphere, earth science, climate", "publicationState": "published", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "0.5x0.5 degree grid", "status": "ongoing", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-04-17T08:37:43", "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 513, "bboxName": "CRU High Resolution Grid", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -60.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44096, "dataPath": "/badc/cru/data/cru_ts/cru_ts_4.09", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 14986256116, "numberOfFiles": 586, "fileFormat": "Data are provided in ASCII and NetCDF formats." }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12310, "startTime": "1901-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2024-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 3416, "explanation": "The data are quality controlled by the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) at the University of East Anglia. Details are given in the paper Harris et al. 2020 and the release notes, links to both can be found in the documentation.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2020-05-21" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 20388, "uuid": "81842aa686174647ae132a4c841d73b6", "short_code": "comp", "title": "UEA Climatic Research Unit (CRU) high resolution gridding software deployed on UEA CRU computer system for v4.00", "abstract": "This computation involved: UEA Climate Research Unit (CRU) High Resolution gridding software deployed on UEA Climate Research Unit (CRU) computer system. For details about the production of CRU TS and CRU CY datasets, please refer to Harris et al. (2020) - see Details/Docs tab, moderated by the Release Notes for v4.00 (which outline the new gridding process)" }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 103 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 6672, "uuid": "b6c783922d1ce68c4293d90caede5bb9", "short_code": "proj", "title": "UEA Climatic Research Unit (CRU) Gridded Datasets production project", "abstract": "The Climatic Research Unit at the University of East Anglia is producing various resolution gridded datasets.\r\nSome of those datasets are stored at CEDA-BADC." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 210824, 210825, 210826, 210827, 210828, 210829, 210830, 210831, 210832, 210833, 210834, 210835, 210836, 210837, 210838 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92768, 92769, 92770, 92763, 92764, 92771, 92765, 92766, 92767, 92772, 92773 ] }, { "ob_id": 44090, "uuid": "a5205eb0b3324c98b0bf3c50734fd9e1", "title": "WOEST: meteorological and wind observations by sensors on the MetSprite UAS -Version 2.1", "abstract": "Meteorological and wind observations made by sensors on the MetSprite Uncrewed Airborne System (UAS) operated by Menapia for the Wessex convection (WesCon) experiment Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST) project. \r\nThis version 2.1 dataset contains air temperature, pressure, relative humidity, wind, geographic location and platform information for 31 days of flying during the intensive measurement campaign from June to August 2023.", "creationDate": "2025-04-15T14:20:34.740807", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-04-15T14:03:58", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-04-15T14:03:58", "updateFrequency": "", "dataLineage": "Data were produced by the project team and supplied for archiving at the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "UAS", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "ongoing", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-08-05T13:36:22", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-08-05T13:38:24.709759", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4755, "bboxName": "WOEST-UAS bounding box", "eastBoundLongitude": -1.4386327, "westBoundLongitude": -2.0879505, "southBoundLatitude": 51.14618, "northBoundLatitude": 51.218616 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44089, "dataPath": "/badc/woest/data/wxUAS/v2.1/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 2671667424, "numberOfFiles": 1247, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12311, "startTime": "2023-06-19T08:04:37", "endTime": "2023-08-25T08:15:52" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4768, "explanation": "Data are as supplied by the project team. No quality conformance has been applied by CEDA", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-08-01" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": { "ob_id": 44094, "uuid": "de9ebfd2ec0848be9541b4c3b5f2e175", "short_code": "acq", "title": "Acquisition for WOEST: meteorological and wind observations by sensors on the MetSprite UAS -Version 2.1", "abstract": "Acquisition for WOEST: meteorological and wind observations by sensors on the MetSprite UAS -Version 2.1" }, "procedureComputation": null, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43720, "uuid": "d3685300168848f290dd3a9ec14cc8ac", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Wessex Convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST)", "abstract": "This project, WesCon - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST), complements the Met Office's Wessex Convection Experiment (WesCon) project by enabling frequent observations of the same turbulent structures at high resolution. In terms of moist convective turbulence, WOEST will radically advance observations of cloud dynamics by tracking precipitating cores of convective clouds and the turbulent regions embedded within them in real-time using four dual-polarisation Doppler radars. The radar scans will also be coordinated with the FAAM aircraft location to enable coincident observations. In terms of boundary-layer turbulence and variability, their evolution will be captured uniquely by multiple UAS, which will be coordinated to capture hourly profiles of temperature, humidity, and winds to study the small-scale variability in the lowest 2km of the atmosphere. Additionally, an array of cloud cameras will be used to reconstruct the 3D motion and evolution of boundary-layer clouds, to be related to the turbulent and dynamic evolution of the boundary layer as measured by remote sensing instruments such as lidar (to measure cloud bases and humidity profiles) and wind profilers.\r\n\r\nThe observations gathered in WOEST will capture turbulent processes in the atmosphere at a range of fine spatial and temporal scales. Our multi-instrument approach will enable us to evaluate simulations of turbulence and dynamics in convective clouds and how the structure and evolution of the boundary layer influence moist convective turbulence at a range of scales, including at the process-level relating turbulence to the strength and size of updrafts. This will lead to a new understanding of the variability and evolution of the boundary layer in the context of the surrounding cloud field and the variability of turbulence and cloud dynamics. Such insights should lead to significant improvements within the sub-grid turbulence parametrisations that allow both km-scale global weather and climate simulations and sub-km-scale regional weather forecasts to more accurately predict the evolution and intensity of hazardous convective storms." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 50559, 50561, 84673, 84674, 84675, 84676, 84677, 84678, 84679, 84680, 84681, 84682, 84683, 84684, 84685, 84686, 84687, 84688, 84689, 84690, 84691, 84692, 84693, 84694, 84695 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13465 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 43875, "uuid": "36756ff1928f4a1684902b470cda774e", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST)", "abstract": "A collection of groundbased and airborne datasets gathered to capture turbulent processes in the atmosphere at a range of fine spatial and temporal scales for the Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST) project during summer 2023. This multi-instrument collection is used to evaluate simulations of turbulence and dynamics in convective clouds and how the structure and evolution of the boundary layer influences moist convective turbulence at a range of scales." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 210849, 210850, 210839, 210840, 210841, 210842, 210843, 210844, 210851 ], "onlineresource_set": [] }, { "ob_id": 44095, "uuid": "a71832549d3d4fd39831b4ae28c9174b", "title": "S-1 Offset Tracking and BOI dataset and 3D Displacements from 2025 Mw 7.7 Myanmar Earthquake ", "abstract": "This dataset includes Sentinel-1 Range and Azimuth Offset Tracking as well as Subswath and Burst Overlap Interferometry (SBOI) results, providing horizontal magnitude and full 3D displacement fields for the March 2025 Mw 7.7 Myanmar Earthquake. COMET delivers displacement fields at 0.001° (~100 m) resolution, with associated uncertainties, derived from a joint inversion of four Sentinel-1 tracks. From the 3D displacements, high-resolution horizontal motion magnitudes are also computed.", "creationDate": "2025-04-16T11:48:39.687659", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-04-16T11:48:39.687664", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-04-16T11:48:39.687667", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data were produced by the project team and supplied for archiving at the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "Earthquake", "publicationState": "preview", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "pending", "dataPublishedTime": null, "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4756, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 98.0, "westBoundLongitude": 92.0, "southBoundLatitude": 16.0, "northBoundLatitude": 26.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": null, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12312, "startTime": "2025-03-24T00:00:00", "endTime": "2025-04-08T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4718, "explanation": "Quantitative uncertainties for the offset measurements and Cartesian (E-N-U) displacements are included with the dataset. Higher noise levels are generally observed in regions with dense forest vegetation. The mean uncertainties for the ENU components are approximately 0.28 m (East), 0.33m (North), and 0.26m (Up).", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-04-16" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": null, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [], "projects": [], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 210880, 210881, 210882, 210883, 210884, 210885, 210886, 210887, 210888, 210889, 210890, 210891, 210892, 210893, 210894 ], "onlineresource_set": [] }, { "ob_id": 44097, "uuid": "aae157a88d054346923e09c89b1f7fa9", "title": "Boreal winter seasonal hindcasts of the twentieth century with perturbed aerosol forcing", "abstract": "This data contains initialised seasonal hindcast experiments for 1925-2010 boreal winters, with perturbed aerosol forcing. Data was produced using ECMWF's Intergrated Forecasting System (IFS), and initialised from ECMWF's CERA-20C reanalysis data.\r\nThree types of hindcast experiment are included in this dataset:\r\nBestAer : These runs are control hindcasts, with aerosol mass mixing ratios consistent with CMIP6 forcings.\r\nDoubAer: These runs have aerosol mass mixing ratios at every latitude, longitude, vertical level and time step doubled relative to BestAer.\r\nHalfAer: These runs have aerosol mass mixing ratios at every latitude, longitude, vertical level and time step doubled relative to BestAer.\r\n\r\nHindcasts were started every 1 November from 1925 to 2010 (inclusive) and were run out for four months from the start date, with 21 ensemble members.\r\n\r\nThis dataset includes surface variables on a 1 degree lat/lon grid.", "creationDate": "2025-04-16T14:37:17.584396", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-04-16T14:37:17.584401", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-04-16T14:37:17.584404", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data downloaded from the ECMWF MARS archive at the resolution provided here and converted to netcdf (from grib). The data were reformatted to remove the 'step' dimension and index each forecast by valid time.\r\nThe data were then delivered to the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis for archiving.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "seasonal forecast,seasonal hindcast,aerosol perturbation,aerosol forcing,decadal variability", "publicationState": "preview", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "pending", "dataPublishedTime": null, "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4757, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": 180.0, "southBoundLatitude": 90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": null, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12313, "startTime": "1925-12-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2010-02-28T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4719, "explanation": "The data has no flaws/corruptions to the best of our knowledge.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-04-16" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 44099, "uuid": "62091b3c6ceb4fa5882e93184f804642", "short_code": "comp", "title": "ECMWF IFS cycle 48r1, with adjustments to enable aerosol forcing perturbations", "abstract": "The experiments were all performed using the ECMWF's IFS cycle 48r1, with adjustments made to enable aerosol forcings to be perturbed.\r\nThem model uses spectral resolution of TCO199 and 137 vertical levels. The ocean model uses the Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO) with a 1 degree horizontal resolution and 42 vertical levels.\r\nThe aerosol scheme includes sea salt, mineral dust, organic carbon, black carbon, sulfates, nitrates and ammonium. The radiation scheme is ecRad." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 44098, "uuid": "222b616b2b9f4e0fbb7aa4625bf1d510", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Investigating multi-decadal climate variations in seasonal forecasts: the role of aerosols", "abstract": "This project aims to build on the work of the ECMWF CONFESS project, and previous 20th century seasonal hindcast studies, to investigate the role of aerosol forcing on seasonal hindcast skill." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 210900, 210901, 210902, 210903, 210904, 210905, 210906, 210907, 210908, 210909, 210910, 210911, 210912 ], "onlineresource_set": [] }, { "ob_id": 44100, "uuid": "90a87c8fd63c4520a33445e7b6a20688", "title": "CRU JRA v3.0: A forcings dataset of gridded land surface blend of Climatic Research Unit (CRU) and Japanese reanalysis (JRA) data; Jan.1901 - Dec.2024.", "abstract": "The CRU JRA V3.0 dataset is a 6-hourly, land surface, gridded time series of ten meteorological variables produced by the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) at the University of East Anglia (UEA), and is intended to be used to drive models. The variables are provided on a 0.5 degree latitude x 0.5 degree longitude grid, the grid is near global but excludes Antarctica (this is the same as the CRU TS grid, though the set of variables is different). The data are available at a 6 hourly time-step from January 1901 to December 2024.\r\n\r\nThe dataset is constructed by regridding data from the Japanese Reanalysis data (JRA) produced by the Japanese Meteorological Agency (JMA), adjusting where possible to align with the CRU TS 4.09 data (see the Process section and the ReadMe file for full details).\r\n\r\nThe CRU JRA data consists of the following ten meteorological variables: 2-metre temperature, 2-metre maximum and minimum temperature, total precipitation, specific humidity, downward solar radiation flux, downward long wave radiation flux, pressure and the zonal and meridional components of wind speed (see the ReadMe file for further details).\r\n\r\nThe CRU JRA dataset is intended to be a replacement of the CRU NCEP forcing dataset. The CRU JRA dataset follows the style of Nicolas Viovy's original CRU NCEP dataset rather than that which is available from UCAR. A link to the CRU NCEP documentation for comparison is provided in the documentation section. \r\nThis version of CRUJRA, v3.0 (1901-2024) is, where possible, adjusted to align with CRU TS monthly means or totals. A consequence of this is that, if CRU TS changes, then CRUJRA changes.\r\n\r\nFor this version, and version 4.07 of CRU TS, the CLD (cloud cover, %) variable is now actualised (converted from gridded anomalies) using the original CLD climatology and not the revised climatology introduced last year. This change/reversion is summarised here: https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/cru_cl_1.1/Read_Me_CRU_CL_CLD_Reversion.txt\r\n\r\nSince CLD is used to align DSWRF, CRUJRA Downward Short Wave Radiation Flux (DSWRF) will now be 'closer to' version 2.2 and earlier and should be used in preference to v2.3.\r\n\r\nIf this dataset is used in addition to citing the dataset as per the data citation string users must also cite the following:\r\n\r\nHarris, I., Osborn, T.J., Jones, P. et al. Version 4 of the CRU TS\r\nmonthly high-resolution gridded multivariate climate dataset.\r\nSci Data 7, 109 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-0453-3\r\n\r\nHarris, I., Jones, P.D., Osborn, T.J. and Lister, D.H. (2014), Updated\r\nhigh-resolution grids of monthly climatic observations - the CRU TS3.10\r\nDataset. International Journal of Climatology 34, 623-642.\r\n\r\nKobayashi, S., et. al., The JRA-55 Reanalysis: General Specifications and\r\nBasic Characteristics. J. Met. Soc. Jap., 93(1), 5-48\r\nhttps://dx.doi.org/10.2151/jmsj.2015-001", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The CRU JRA data are produced by the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) at the University of East Anglia and are passed to the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) for long-term archival and distribution.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "CRU, JRA, CRUJRA, atmosphere, earth science, climate", "publicationState": "preview", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "0.5x0.5 degree grid", "status": "ongoing", "dataPublishedTime": null, "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 513, "bboxName": "CRU High Resolution Grid", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -60.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44104, "dataPath": "/badc/cru/data/cru_jra/cru_jra_3.0/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 423669517973, "numberOfFiles": 1241, "fileFormat": "The data are provided as gzipped NetCDF files, with one file per variable, per year." }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12316, "startTime": "1901-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2024-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 3075, "explanation": "The data are quality controlled by the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) at the University of East Anglia. Details are given in the paper Harries et al. 2014 and the release notes, links to both can be found in the documentation.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2017-02-14" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43096, "uuid": "b7ef2e222655403c9b95673f8fe8e110", "short_code": "comp", "title": "Climatic Research Unit (CRU) procedure to produce the CRU JRA v2.5 data.", "abstract": "The CRU JRA (Japanese reanalysis) data is a replacement to the CRU NCEP dataset, CRU JRA data follows the style of Nicolas Viovy's original dataset rather than that which is available from UCAR.\r\n\r\nThe CRU JRA dataset is based on the JRA-55 reanalysis dataset and aligned where appropriate with the CRU TS dataset version 4.08 (1901-2023).\r\n\r\nAll JRA variables are regridded from their native TL319 Gaussian grid to the CRU regular 0.5° x 0.5° grid, using the g2fsh spherical harmonics routine from NCL (NCAR Command Language), based on the 'Spherepack' code. The exception is precipitation, which is regridded using ESMF 'nearest neighbour': all other algorithms tried exhibited unwanted artifacts.\r\n\r\nThe JRA-55 reanalysis dataset starts in 1958. The years 1901-1957 are constructed using randomly-selected years between 1958 and 1967. Where alignment with CRU TS occurs, the relevant CRU TS data is used.\r\n\r\nOf the ten variables listed above, the last four do not have analogs in the CRU TS dataset. These are simply regridded, masked for land only, and output as CRUJRA. The other six are aligned with CRU TS as follows:\r\n\r\nTMP is aligned with CRU TS TMP. A monthly mean for the JRA data is\r\ncalculated and compared with the equivalent CRU TS mean. The difference\r\nbetween the means is added to every JRA value.\r\n\r\n---\r\n\r\nTMAX and TMIN are aligned with CRUJRA TMP and CRU TS DTR. Firstly, at\r\neach time step, the TMAX-TMP-TMIN triplets are checked and adjusted so\r\nthat TMAX is always >= TMP, and TMIN is always <= TMP. This triplet\r\nalignment is prioritised above DTR alignment. Secondly, monthly JRA DTR\r\nis calculated by first establishing the daily maxima and minima (max and\r\nmin of the subdaily values in TMAX and TMIN respectively), then monthly\r\nmaxima and minima, (means of the daily DTR values), giving JRA monthly\r\nDTR. This is compared with CRU TS DTR and the fractional difference\r\n(factor) calculated as (CRU TS DTR) / (JRA monthly DTR). This factor is\r\nthen used to adjust the DTR of each pair of subdaily TMAX and TMIN\r\nvalues, though not if the triplet alignment would be broken.\r\n\r\n---\r\n\r\nPRE is aligned with CRU TS PRE and WET (rain day counts). Firstly, the\r\nmonthly total precipitation is calculated for JRA and compared to CRU TS\r\nPRE; an adjustment factor is acquired (crupre/jrapre) and all values\r\nadjusted. Precipitation amounts are now aligned at a monthly level, and\r\nthis alignment is prioritised above WET alignment. Secondly, the number\r\nof rain days is calculated for JRA: a day is declared wet if the total\r\nprecipitation is equal to, or exceeds, 0.1mm (the same threshold as CRU\r\nTS WET). If JRA has more wet days than CRU TS, then the driest of those\r\nare reduced to a random amount below 0.1 (an adjustment factor is\r\ncalculated and applied to each time step, to preserve the subdaily\r\ndistribution). If JRA has fewer wet days than CRU TS, then sufficient\r\ndry days are set to a random amount equal to or closely above 0.1mm,\r\nagain using an adjustment factor to preserve the subdaily distribution. \r\nWhere wet day alignment threatens precipitation alignment, the process\r\nis abandoned and the cell/month reverts to the previously-aligned\r\nprecip version. Exception handling is very complicated and cannot be\r\nsummarised here.\r\n\r\n---\r\n\r\nSPFH is aligned with CRU TS VAP. VAP is converted to SPFH, and JRA mean\r\nmonthly SPFH is calculated. The fractional difference (factor) is\r\ncalculated as (CRU TS SPFH) / (JRA monthly SPFH), this factor is then\r\napplied to the JRA subdaily humidity values.\r\n\r\n---\r\n\r\nDSWRF is aligned with CRU TS CLD. CLD is converted to shortwave\r\nradiation, and JRA mean monthly DSWRF is calculated. The fractional\r\ndifference (factor) is calculated as (CRU TS SWR) / (JRA monthly DSWRF),\r\nthis factor is then applied to the JRA subdaily radiation values.\r\n\r\n---\r\n\r\nWhere appropriate, CRUJRA values are kept within physically-appropriate\r\nconstraints (such as negative precipitation), which could result from\r\nregridding as well as adjustments." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 103 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 6672, "uuid": "b6c783922d1ce68c4293d90caede5bb9", "short_code": "proj", "title": "UEA Climatic Research Unit (CRU) Gridded Datasets production project", "abstract": "The Climatic Research Unit at the University of East Anglia is producing various resolution gridded datasets.\r\nSome of those datasets are stored at CEDA-BADC." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 210917, 210918, 210919, 210921, 210920, 210922, 210923, 210924, 210925, 210926, 210927, 210928, 210929 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92776, 92777, 92781, 92778, 92779, 92780, 92782, 92783 ] }, { "ob_id": 44101, "uuid": "ef237f578329487eb02fb42f9db56bb2", "title": "GloSATLAT.1.0.0.0: An observational record of global surface air temperature change over land from 1781", "abstract": "GloSATLAT is a global gridded data set of surface air temperature change over land since 1781. Data are provided as air temperature anomalies relative to 1961-1990 average conditions on a 5-degree latitude by 5-degree longitude grid. Time series of average temperature changes and their uncertainties are available for the globe and for a selection of regions.\r\n \r\nThe gridded data set is constructed using meteorological station temperature series from the GloSATLAT station database (GloSATLAT sdb). This is an extended version of the CRUTEM5 station database. The station series include bias adjustments for non-standard thermometer enclosures in the early instrumental period, prior to the use of standard instrumental shelters (Wallis et al., 2024). New climatological normal estimates are included for stations with limited data in the 1961–1990 baseline period, estimated using the Local Expectation Kriging method (Taylor et al., 2025), allowing a larger number of station series to contribute to the gridded data set.\r\n\r\nGloSATLAT uses the HadCRUT5 data processing system to produce the gridded data set, time series and uncertainty estimates.\r\n\r\n\r\nSources of additional information:\r\n The following papers are provided in the related documents section with further information about GloSATLAT and its underpinning data.\r\n\r\n Gridded dataset description:\r\n Morice, C. P., et al. (2025). An observational record of global gridded near surface air temperature change over land and ocean from 1781, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-500.\r\n\r\n Land station data processing:\r\n Taylor, M. et al. (2025, in review). GloSAT LATsdb: a global compilation of land air temperature station records with updated climatological normals from local expectation kriging. Submitted to Geoscience Data Journal.\r\n Wallis, E. J., et al. (2024). Quantifying exposure biases in early instrumental land surface air temperature observations. International Journal of Climatology, 44(5), 1611–1635. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.8401", "creationDate": "2025-04-16T15:43:49.109693", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-04-16T15:34:18", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-20T01:58:07", "updateFrequency": "", "dataLineage": "Land air temperature station data is sourced from GloSATLAT station data base (GloSATLAT sdb). This is an extended version of the CRUTEM5 station database. It adds bias adjustments for non-standard thermometer enclosures in the early instrumental periods and includes new climatological normal estimates for stations with limited data in the 1961–1990 baseline period.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "GloSATLAT, air temperature, land surface temperature", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-07T15:16:43", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-06-19T16:11:18.977284", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4760, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44248, "dataPath": "/badc/deposited2025/GloSAT/GloSATLAT-1-0-0-0", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 737598085, "numberOfFiles": 11894, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12314, "startTime": "1781-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2021-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4720, "explanation": "Data are quality controlled, assessed for biases and provided with uncertainty information. See documentation for details.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-04-16" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 32049, "uuid": "2a184f4b0ac04fdd899b2afa772d7c95", "short_code": "comp", "title": "HadCRUT5 data processing deployed on Met Office computers", "abstract": "HadCRUT5 has been processed on Met Office computing facilities, using HadSST4 and CRUTEM5 inputs.\r\n\r\nCRUTEM5 station data are gridded onto a regular latitude-longitude grid using the HadCRUT4 ensemble method. Resulting land air temperature anomaly grids are merged with sea-surface temperature anomalies from the HadSST4 dataset though weighted averaging based on grid cell areal land fractions to produce the non-infilled HadCRUT5 grids.\r\n\r\nHadCRUT5 analysis grids are computed using a Gaussian process based statistical method to provide improved estimates of surface temperature anomaly fields, extending the data coverage into regions for which the available observations are informative. Analysis uncertainties are presented through an ensemble method. The Gaussian process based method is applied separately for land and marine temperature grids. Global grids are produced using a land-sea area fraction based weighting, in which sea ice regions (as defined by HadISST2 sea-ice concentrations) are treated as land.\r\n\r\nRegional time series are derived as grid box area weighted averages, with accompanying uncertainties. Global time series are defined as the average of northern and southern hemisphere series. Remaining uncertainty from unrepresented regions is estimated from sub-sampling experiments using the ERA5 reanalysis." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2526, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "public", "accessRoles": null, "label": "public: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 44102, "uuid": "528e0655f87d4e1a8a98993befb0e685", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Global Surface Air Temperature (GloSAT)", "abstract": "The goal of the GloSAT project was to develop, extend and analyse a consistent record of observed global surface temperatures to help scientists better understand how the Earth's climate has changed since the late 18th century. GloSAT developed a temperature record based on in situ air temperature observations over land and ocean. Prior instrumental records of global mean surface temperature change combine air temperature over land and terrestrial ice-covered regions with sea surface temperature readings, typically with start dates around the mid-19th century. GloSAT extends the instrumental global temperature record further back to the late 18th century through use of marine air temperature measurements, combined with improved understanding of measurement uncertainties affecting land and ocean data." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6023, 9042, 9043, 31672, 31673, 50542, 50543, 60438, 85564, 85565, 85566, 85567, 85568, 85569, 85570, 85571, 85572, 85573, 85574 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13422 ], "observationcollection_set": [], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 210930, 210931, 210932, 210933, 210934, 210935, 210936, 210952, 210937, 210938, 210939, 210940, 210941, 210942, 210943, 210944, 210945, 210946, 210947, 210948, 210949, 210950, 210951 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92784, 92785, 93809 ] }, { "ob_id": 44106, "uuid": "9054202591984e148a65daa37db04d98", "title": "WOEST: brightness temperature from the NCAS Scanning Microwave Radiometer unit 2 deployed at MOD Lyneham, v1.0 (20230525-20230906)", "abstract": "Brightness temperature measurements from the National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS) Scanning Microwave Radiometer unit 2 deployed at MOD Lyneham. These observations were taken as part of Wessex convection (WesCon) experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST) project between 20230525 and 20230906.\r\n\r\nData products from this deployment include: brightness-temperature\r\n\r\nFor further details of this deployment and the associated dataset please see the internal file metadata.\r\n\r\nThese data conform to the NCAS data standards and are available under the UK Government Open Licence agreement. Acknowledgement of NCAS as the data provider is required whenever and wherever these data are used.", "creationDate": "2025-04-16T15:59:29.188986", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-04-16T15:59:29", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-05-17T01:58:03", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data were processed and prepared by the project team before delivery to the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "NCAS, observation measurements", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-16T13:03:48", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-05-16T13:05:52.333140", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4759, "bboxName": "England, Uk, United Kingdom Of Great Br", "eastBoundLongitude": -1.9999, "westBoundLongitude": -1.9999, "southBoundLatitude": 51.5091, "northBoundLatitude": 51.5091 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44107, "dataPath": "/badc/ncas-mobile/data/ncas-scanning-radiometer-2/20230525_woest/v1.0", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 1963665934, "numberOfFiles": 647, "fileFormat": "Data are netCDF formatted." }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12320, "startTime": "2023-05-25T23:59:55", "endTime": "2023-09-06T09:02:01" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4568, "explanation": "These data have been produced in accordance to standard NCAS observational practices. This includes instrument calibration and compliance checking of data against the NCAS Data Standards.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "NCAS Standard Data Quality Statement", "date": "2024-06-07" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": { "ob_id": 44108, "uuid": "a224d8faf9c54ad68bfe764d16d2d202", "short_code": "acq", "title": "WesCon - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence: NCAS Scanning Microwave Radiometer unit 2 instrument instrument deployed at MOD Lyneham", "abstract": "WesCon - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence: NCAS Scanning Microwave Radiometer unit 2 instrument instrument deployed at MOD Lyneham." }, "procedureComputation": null, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 223 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43720, "uuid": "d3685300168848f290dd3a9ec14cc8ac", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Wessex Convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST)", "abstract": "This project, WesCon - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST), complements the Met Office's Wessex Convection Experiment (WesCon) project by enabling frequent observations of the same turbulent structures at high resolution. In terms of moist convective turbulence, WOEST will radically advance observations of cloud dynamics by tracking precipitating cores of convective clouds and the turbulent regions embedded within them in real-time using four dual-polarisation Doppler radars. The radar scans will also be coordinated with the FAAM aircraft location to enable coincident observations. In terms of boundary-layer turbulence and variability, their evolution will be captured uniquely by multiple UAS, which will be coordinated to capture hourly profiles of temperature, humidity, and winds to study the small-scale variability in the lowest 2km of the atmosphere. Additionally, an array of cloud cameras will be used to reconstruct the 3D motion and evolution of boundary-layer clouds, to be related to the turbulent and dynamic evolution of the boundary layer as measured by remote sensing instruments such as lidar (to measure cloud bases and humidity profiles) and wind profilers.\r\n\r\nThe observations gathered in WOEST will capture turbulent processes in the atmosphere at a range of fine spatial and temporal scales. Our multi-instrument approach will enable us to evaluate simulations of turbulence and dynamics in convective clouds and how the structure and evolution of the boundary layer influence moist convective turbulence at a range of scales, including at the process-level relating turbulence to the strength and size of updrafts. This will lead to a new understanding of the variability and evolution of the boundary layer in the context of the surrounding cloud field and the variability of turbulence and cloud dynamics. Such insights should lead to significant improvements within the sub-grid turbulence parametrisations that allow both km-scale global weather and climate simulations and sub-km-scale regional weather forecasts to more accurately predict the evolution and intensity of hazardous convective storms." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 53936, 53937, 53938, 53939, 53940, 53941, 53942, 53943, 53944, 58081, 58086, 62267, 65926, 66814, 66818, 69827, 69828, 69840, 69841, 69842, 69843, 69844, 69845, 69846, 69847, 69848, 69849, 69850, 69851, 69852, 69853, 69854, 69855, 69859, 69860, 69861, 69863, 69864, 69865, 74110, 74113, 75894, 75895, 75896, 75897, 75898, 75899, 75900, 75901, 75902 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13388 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 43875, "uuid": "36756ff1928f4a1684902b470cda774e", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST)", "abstract": "A collection of groundbased and airborne datasets gathered to capture turbulent processes in the atmosphere at a range of fine spatial and temporal scales for the Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST) project during summer 2023. This multi-instrument collection is used to evaluate simulations of turbulence and dynamics in convective clouds and how the structure and evolution of the boundary layer influences moist convective turbulence at a range of scales." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 210960, 210961, 210962, 210963, 210964, 210965, 210966, 210967 ], "onlineresource_set": [] }, { "ob_id": 44109, "uuid": "09a4b09c9fff46ca9cd438302302adee", "title": "WOEST: RHI and PPI scan measurements from the NCAS S-Band CAMRa Weather Radar unit 1 deployed at the NCAS Chilbolton Atmospheric Observatory (CAO) Level 1, v1.0.0 (20230609-20230825)", "abstract": "RHI (range-height indicator) and PPI (plan-position indicator) measurements from the NCAS S-Band CAMRa Weather Radar unit 1 deployed at the NCAS Chilbolton Atmospheric Observatory (CAO). These observations were taken as part of the WesCon - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST) project between 20230609 and 20230825.\r\nThis dataset contains level 1 processed data products.\r\n\r\nData products from this deployment include: rhi, ppi\r\n\r\nFor further details of this deployment and the associated dataset please see the internal file metadata.\r\n\r\nThese data conform to the NCAS data standards and are available under the UK Government Open Licence agreement. Acknowledgement of NCAS as the data provider is required whenever and wherever these data are used.", "creationDate": "2025-04-16T16:11:07.270008", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-04-16T16:11:07", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-05-17T01:58:01", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data were processed and prepared by the project team before delivery to the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "NCAS, observation measurements", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-16T14:41:07", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-05-16T14:41:33.346508", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4761, "bboxName": "Chilbolton, Hampshire, England.", "eastBoundLongitude": 1.4129, "westBoundLongitude": -4.287, "southBoundLatitude": 49.357, "northBoundLatitude": 52.932 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44110, "dataPath": "/badc/ncas-cao/data/ncas-radar-camra-1/20230602_woest/v1.0.0", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 64571632554, "numberOfFiles": 8464, "fileFormat": "Data are netCDF formatted." }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12325, "startTime": "2023-06-02T12:43:48", "endTime": "2023-08-25T11:56:26" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4732, "explanation": "These Level 1 data have been produced in accordance with standard NCAS observational practices. It has not received the full final calibration checks but has been checked for compliance with NCAS Data Standards.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "NCAS Sband CAMRA Level1 Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-05-16" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": { "ob_id": 44111, "uuid": "4a326db4f41342a18e5c4fa48242a4d4", "short_code": "acq", "title": "WesCon - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence: NCAS X-Band CAMRa Weather Radar unit 1 instrument instrument deployed at NCAS Chilbolton Atmospheric Observatory (CAO)", "abstract": "WesCon - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence: NCAS X-Band CAMRa Weather Radar unit 1 instrument instrument deployed at NCAS Chilbolton Atmospheric Observatory (CAO)." }, "procedureComputation": null, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 223 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 50542, 50543, 59145, 83941, 83942, 83943, 83944, 83945, 83946, 83947, 83948, 83949, 83950, 83951, 83952, 83953, 83954, 83955, 83956, 83957, 83958, 83959, 83960, 83961, 83962, 83963, 83964, 83965, 83966, 83967, 83968, 83969, 83970, 83971, 83972, 83973 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13389 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 43875, "uuid": "36756ff1928f4a1684902b470cda774e", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST)", "abstract": "A collection of groundbased and airborne datasets gathered to capture turbulent processes in the atmosphere at a range of fine spatial and temporal scales for the Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST) project during summer 2023. This multi-instrument collection is used to evaluate simulations of turbulence and dynamics in convective clouds and how the structure and evolution of the boundary layer influences moist convective turbulence at a range of scales." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 210970, 210971, 210972, 210973, 210974, 210975, 210976, 210977 ], "onlineresource_set": [] }, { "ob_id": 44112, "uuid": "a2519624a593402a83246bd359d098be", "title": "GloSATref.1.0.0.0: An observational record of global gridded near surface air temperature change over land and ocean from 1781", "abstract": "The GloSAT reference analysis (GloSATref) is a global gridded data set of air temperature change since 1781. GloSATref combines temperature series from land based meteorological stations with marine air temperature observation from ships. The use of marine air temperature (MAT) data differs from the typical use of sea-surface temperature (SST) data in global near surface temperature data sets, with the use of all-day MAT allowing the data set to extended further into the past than records based on SST. \r\n \r\n Data are provided as air temperature anomalies relative to 1961-1990 average conditions on a 5-degree latitude by 5-degree longitude grid. Time series of average temperature changes and their uncertainties are available for the globe and for a selection of regions. The gridded data set is produced using methods developed for the HadCRUT5 ensemble global temperature data set. Data is provided as a 200-member ensemble spatially infilled “analysis” data set. A “noninfilled” version of the data set is also provided.\r\n\r\nGloSATref uses the HadCRUT5 data processing system to produce the gridded data set, time series and uncertainty estimates.\r\n\r\nSources of additional information:\r\nThe following papers are provided in the related documents section with further information about GloSATref.1.0.0.0 and its underpinning data.\r\n\r\n Gridded dataset description:\r\n Morice, C. P., et al. (2025). An observational record of global gridded near surface air temperature change over land and ocean from 1781, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-500.\r\n\r\n Land station data processing:\r\n Taylor, M. et al. (2025, in review). GloSAT LATsdb: a global compilation of land air temperature station records with updated climatological normals from local expectation kriging. Submitted to Geoscience Data Journal.\r\n Wallis, E. J., et al. (2024). Quantifying exposure biases in early instrumental land surface air temperature observations. International Journal of Climatology, 44(5), 1611–1635. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.8401\r\n\r\n Marine air temperature processing:\r\n Cropper, T. E., et al. (2023). Quantifying Daytime Heating Biases in Marine Air Temperature Observations from Ships. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 40, 427–438, https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-22-0080.1.", "creationDate": "2025-04-16T15:43:49.109693", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-04-16T15:34:18", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-20T01:58:07", "updateFrequency": "", "dataLineage": "Marine air temperature data are sourced from the GloSATMAT data set, also developed as part of the GloSAT project and a successor to the CLASSnmat data set. GloSATMAT adds new estimates of diurnal heating biases, enabling the use of daytime observations and allowing the extension of the dataset further into the past compared to nighttime-only marine air temperature data. \r\n \r\nLand air temperature station data is sourced from GloSATLAT station database (GloSATLAT sdb). This is an extended version of the CRUTEM5 station database. It adds bias adjustments for non-standard thermometer enclosures in the early instrumental periods and includes new climatological normal estimates for stations with limited data in the 1961–1990 baseline period. \r\n\r\nData were produced by the project team before uploading to CEDA for archival.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "GloSATref, air temperature, land surface temperature", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-19T15:52:48", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-06-19T16:11:03.228431", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4760, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44249, "dataPath": "/badc/deposited2025/GloSAT/GloSATref-1-0-0-0", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 17372986605, "numberOfFiles": 3436, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12314, "startTime": "1781-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2021-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4721, "explanation": "Data are quality controlled, assessed for biases and provided with uncertainty information. See documentation for details.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-04-16" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 32049, "uuid": "2a184f4b0ac04fdd899b2afa772d7c95", "short_code": "comp", "title": "HadCRUT5 data processing deployed on Met Office computers", "abstract": "HadCRUT5 has been processed on Met Office computing facilities, using HadSST4 and CRUTEM5 inputs.\r\n\r\nCRUTEM5 station data are gridded onto a regular latitude-longitude grid using the HadCRUT4 ensemble method. Resulting land air temperature anomaly grids are merged with sea-surface temperature anomalies from the HadSST4 dataset though weighted averaging based on grid cell areal land fractions to produce the non-infilled HadCRUT5 grids.\r\n\r\nHadCRUT5 analysis grids are computed using a Gaussian process based statistical method to provide improved estimates of surface temperature anomaly fields, extending the data coverage into regions for which the available observations are informative. Analysis uncertainties are presented through an ensemble method. The Gaussian process based method is applied separately for land and marine temperature grids. Global grids are produced using a land-sea area fraction based weighting, in which sea ice regions (as defined by HadISST2 sea-ice concentrations) are treated as land.\r\n\r\nRegional time series are derived as grid box area weighted averages, with accompanying uncertainties. Global time series are defined as the average of northern and southern hemisphere series. Remaining uncertainty from unrepresented regions is estimated from sub-sampling experiments using the ERA5 reanalysis." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2526, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "public", "accessRoles": null, "label": "public: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 44102, "uuid": "528e0655f87d4e1a8a98993befb0e685", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Global Surface Air Temperature (GloSAT)", "abstract": "The goal of the GloSAT project was to develop, extend and analyse a consistent record of observed global surface temperatures to help scientists better understand how the Earth's climate has changed since the late 18th century. GloSAT developed a temperature record based on in situ air temperature observations over land and ocean. Prior instrumental records of global mean surface temperature change combine air temperature over land and terrestrial ice-covered regions with sea surface temperature readings, typically with start dates around the mid-19th century. GloSAT extends the instrumental global temperature record further back to the late 18th century through use of marine air temperature measurements, combined with improved understanding of measurement uncertainties affecting land and ocean data." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6023, 9042, 9043, 31690, 31691, 31692, 31693, 31695, 31699, 31700, 50542, 50543, 60438, 85570, 86004, 86005, 86006, 86007, 86008, 86009, 86010, 86011, 86012, 86013, 86014, 86015, 86016, 86017, 86018, 86019 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13421 ], "observationcollection_set": [], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 210980, 210981, 210982, 210983, 210984, 210985, 210986, 210987, 210988, 210989, 210990, 210991, 210992, 210993, 210994, 210995, 210996, 210997, 210998, 210999, 211000, 211001, 211002 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92786, 92787, 93805, 93806, 93807, 93808 ] }, { "ob_id": 44116, "uuid": "0a4b3c3b2d1f4510ba3544c1a81ee645", "title": "piClim-370 data produced by the MRI-ESM2-0 model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the piClim-370 experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using MRI-ESM2-0. It contains NetCDF output for a set of experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe piClim-370 experiment is a fixed sea surface temperature (SST) experiment with 1850 SSTs and sea ice concentrations, following the RFMIP piClim experiment designs. Global anthropogenic forcing is taken from year 2050 of the ScenarioMIP SSP3-7.0 experiment. At least 30 years are requested.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nMRI-ESM2-0: The Meteorological Research Institute Earth System Model Version 2.0 hosted at the Meteorological Research Institute, Japan (MRI)\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.\r\nRFMIP: The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T13:56:51.890819", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T13:57:25", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-07-17T01:55:14", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050. The data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-07-16T16:14:01", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-11-19T09:25:12.493774", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4679, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44117, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/MRI/MRI-ESM2-0/piClim-370", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 62101699916, "numberOfFiles": 116, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12682, "startTime": "1851-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "1880-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4652, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43446, "uuid": "29ae1a98a55c44f6bf0716fda2db76fd", "short_code": "comp", "title": "MRI-ESM2.0", "abstract": "The MRI-ESM2.0 climate model, released in 2017, includes the following components:\r\naerosol: MASINGAR mk2r4 (TL95; 192 x 96 longitude/latitude; 80 levels; top level 0.01 hPa), atmos: MRI-AGCM3.5 (TL159; 320 x 160 longitude/latitude; 80 levels; top level 0.01 hPa), atmosChem: MRI-CCM2.1 (T42; 128 x 64 longitude/latitude; 80 levels; top level 0.01 hPa), land: HAL 1.0, ocean: MRI.COM4.4 (tripolar primarily 0.5 deg latitude/1 deg longitude with meridional refinement down to 0.3 deg within 10 degrees north and south of the equator; 360 x 364 longitude/latitude; 61 levels; top grid cell 0-2 m), ocnBgchem: MRI.COM4.4, seaIce: MRI.COM4.4.\r\n\r\nThe model was run by the Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0052, Japan (MRI) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 100 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 100 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 7795, 9045, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50422, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50437, 50445, 50464, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50509, 50551, 50552, 50553, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50577, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50582, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50610, 52746, 52750, 52755, 54321, 54340, 54383, 54454, 54628, 54633, 54712, 54810, 54811, 54813, 59482, 60438, 62525, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71632, 71633, 71641, 71659, 71661, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71802, 71854, 79856, 79857, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79863, 79864, 79865, 82134, 82137, 82138, 82139, 82140, 82142, 82143, 82144, 82146, 82147, 83007 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13640 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44784, "uuid": "e8678aaf39144d8cb10cd02e8a562101", "short_code": "coll", "title": "MRI-ESM2-0 output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using MRI-ESM2-0. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2051 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nMRI-ESM2-0 is the Meteorological Research Institute Earth System Model Version 2.0 hosted at the Meteorological Research Institute, Japan (MRI)" } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211014, 211015, 211016, 211017, 211018, 211019, 211020, 211021, 211022 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92789, 92790 ] }, { "ob_id": 44118, "uuid": "77f3324862534a298347ade0df79f290", "title": "piClim-370-126aer data produced by the MRI-ESM2-0 model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the piClim-370-126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using MRI-ESM2-0. It contains NetCDF output for a set of experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe piClim-370-126aer experiment is a fixed sea surface temperature (SST) experiment with 1850 SSTs and sea ice concentrations, following the RFMIP piClim experiment designs. Global aerosol and precursor emissions (sulphur dioxide, black carbon and organic carbon) are taken from year 2050 of SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use are taken from SSP3-7.0 At least 30 years are requested.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nMRI-ESM2-0: The Meteorological Research Institute Earth System Model Version 2.0 hosted at the Meteorological Research Institute, Japan (MRI)\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.\r\nRFMIP: The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T13:56:51.890819", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T13:57:25", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050. The data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": true, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-09-25T15:57:33", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-11-19T09:25:17.682849", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4679, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44119, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/MRI/MRI-ESM2-0/piClim-370-126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 62083594795, "numberOfFiles": 116, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12682, "startTime": "1851-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "1880-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4652, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43446, "uuid": "29ae1a98a55c44f6bf0716fda2db76fd", "short_code": "comp", "title": "MRI-ESM2.0", "abstract": "The MRI-ESM2.0 climate model, released in 2017, includes the following components:\r\naerosol: MASINGAR mk2r4 (TL95; 192 x 96 longitude/latitude; 80 levels; top level 0.01 hPa), atmos: MRI-AGCM3.5 (TL159; 320 x 160 longitude/latitude; 80 levels; top level 0.01 hPa), atmosChem: MRI-CCM2.1 (T42; 128 x 64 longitude/latitude; 80 levels; top level 0.01 hPa), land: HAL 1.0, ocean: MRI.COM4.4 (tripolar primarily 0.5 deg latitude/1 deg longitude with meridional refinement down to 0.3 deg within 10 degrees north and south of the equator; 360 x 364 longitude/latitude; 61 levels; top grid cell 0-2 m), ocnBgchem: MRI.COM4.4, seaIce: MRI.COM4.4.\r\n\r\nThe model was run by the Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0052, Japan (MRI) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 100 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 100 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 7795, 9045, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50422, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50437, 50445, 50464, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50509, 50551, 50552, 50553, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50577, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50582, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50610, 52746, 52750, 52755, 54321, 54340, 54383, 54454, 54628, 54633, 54712, 54810, 54811, 54813, 59482, 60438, 62525, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71632, 71633, 71641, 71659, 71661, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71802, 71854, 79856, 79857, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79863, 79864, 79865, 82134, 82137, 82138, 82139, 82140, 82142, 82143, 82144, 82146, 82147, 83007 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13641 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44784, "uuid": "e8678aaf39144d8cb10cd02e8a562101", "short_code": "coll", "title": "MRI-ESM2-0 output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using MRI-ESM2-0. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2051 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nMRI-ESM2-0 is the Meteorological Research Institute Earth System Model Version 2.0 hosted at the Meteorological Research Institute, Japan (MRI)" } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211027, 211028, 211029, 211023, 211024, 211030, 211025, 211026, 211031 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92791, 92792 ] }, { "ob_id": 44120, "uuid": "215a705b886f45b49d8714e6e8004982", "title": "piClim-370-NAE126aer data produced by the MRI-ESM2-0 model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the piClim-370-NAE126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using MRI-ESM2-0. It contains NetCDF output for a set of experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe piClim-370-NAE126aer experiment is a fixed sea surface temperature (SST) experiment with 1850 SSTs and sea ice concentrations, following the RFMIP piClim experiment designs. Aerosol and precursor emissions (SO2, black carbon and organic carbon) over North America and Europe are taken from year 2050 of SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use are taken from SSP3-7.0 At least 30 years are requested. North America and Europe are the regions bounded by 20W, 45E, 35N, and 70N, and 150W, 45W, 25N and 70N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nMRI-ESM2-0: The Meteorological Research Institute Earth System Model Version 2.0 hosted at the Meteorological Research Institute, Japan (MRI)\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.\r\nRFMIP: The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T13:56:51.890819", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T13:57:25", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050. The data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-09-25T15:56:53", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-11-19T09:25:48.860043", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4679, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44121, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/MRI/MRI-ESM2-0/piClim-370-nae126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 62092013536, "numberOfFiles": 116, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12682, "startTime": "1851-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "1880-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4652, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43446, "uuid": "29ae1a98a55c44f6bf0716fda2db76fd", "short_code": "comp", "title": "MRI-ESM2.0", "abstract": "The MRI-ESM2.0 climate model, released in 2017, includes the following components:\r\naerosol: MASINGAR mk2r4 (TL95; 192 x 96 longitude/latitude; 80 levels; top level 0.01 hPa), atmos: MRI-AGCM3.5 (TL159; 320 x 160 longitude/latitude; 80 levels; top level 0.01 hPa), atmosChem: MRI-CCM2.1 (T42; 128 x 64 longitude/latitude; 80 levels; top level 0.01 hPa), land: HAL 1.0, ocean: MRI.COM4.4 (tripolar primarily 0.5 deg latitude/1 deg longitude with meridional refinement down to 0.3 deg within 10 degrees north and south of the equator; 360 x 364 longitude/latitude; 61 levels; top grid cell 0-2 m), ocnBgchem: MRI.COM4.4, seaIce: MRI.COM4.4.\r\n\r\nThe model was run by the Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0052, Japan (MRI) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 100 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 100 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 7795, 9045, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50422, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50437, 50445, 50464, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50509, 50551, 50552, 50553, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50577, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50582, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50610, 52746, 52750, 52755, 54321, 54340, 54383, 54454, 54628, 54633, 54712, 54810, 54811, 54813, 59482, 60438, 62525, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71632, 71633, 71641, 71659, 71661, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71802, 71854, 79856, 79857, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79863, 79864, 79865, 82134, 82137, 82138, 82139, 82140, 82142, 82143, 82144, 82146, 82147, 83007 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13642 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44784, "uuid": "e8678aaf39144d8cb10cd02e8a562101", "short_code": "coll", "title": "MRI-ESM2-0 output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using MRI-ESM2-0. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2051 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nMRI-ESM2-0 is the Meteorological Research Institute Earth System Model Version 2.0 hosted at the Meteorological Research Institute, Japan (MRI)" } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211036, 211037, 211032, 211033, 211034, 211038, 211035, 211039, 211040 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92793, 92794 ] }, { "ob_id": 44122, "uuid": "48a9a58ca16d4e06b2c762e31907493b", "title": "piClim-370-EAS126aer data produced by the MRI-ESM2-0 model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the piClim-370-EAS126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using MRI-ESM2-0. It contains NetCDF output for a set of experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe piClim-370-EAS126aer experiment is a fixed sea surface temperature (SST) experiment with 1850 SSTs and sea ice concentrations, following the RFMIP piClim experiment designs. Aerosol and precursor emissions (SO2, black carbon and organic carbon) over East Asia are taken from year 2050 of SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use are taken from SSP3-7.0 At least 30 years are requested. East Asia is the region bounded by 95 and 133E and 20 and 53N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nMRI-ESM2-0: The Meteorological Research Institute Earth System Model Version 2.0 hosted at the Meteorological Research Institute, Japan (MRI)\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.\r\nRFMIP: The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T13:56:51.890819", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T13:57:25", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-05T01:59:20", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050. The data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-02T15:34:36", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-11-19T09:25:57.903540", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4679, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44123, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/MRI/MRI-ESM2-0/piClim-370-eas126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 62090277281, "numberOfFiles": 116, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12682, "startTime": "1851-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "1880-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4652, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43446, "uuid": "29ae1a98a55c44f6bf0716fda2db76fd", "short_code": "comp", "title": "MRI-ESM2.0", "abstract": "The MRI-ESM2.0 climate model, released in 2017, includes the following components:\r\naerosol: MASINGAR mk2r4 (TL95; 192 x 96 longitude/latitude; 80 levels; top level 0.01 hPa), atmos: MRI-AGCM3.5 (TL159; 320 x 160 longitude/latitude; 80 levels; top level 0.01 hPa), atmosChem: MRI-CCM2.1 (T42; 128 x 64 longitude/latitude; 80 levels; top level 0.01 hPa), land: HAL 1.0, ocean: MRI.COM4.4 (tripolar primarily 0.5 deg latitude/1 deg longitude with meridional refinement down to 0.3 deg within 10 degrees north and south of the equator; 360 x 364 longitude/latitude; 61 levels; top grid cell 0-2 m), ocnBgchem: MRI.COM4.4, seaIce: MRI.COM4.4.\r\n\r\nThe model was run by the Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0052, Japan (MRI) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 100 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 100 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 7795, 9045, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50422, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50437, 50445, 50464, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50509, 50551, 50552, 50553, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50577, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50582, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50610, 52746, 52750, 52755, 54321, 54340, 54383, 54454, 54628, 54633, 54712, 54810, 54811, 54813, 59482, 60438, 62525, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71632, 71633, 71641, 71659, 71661, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71802, 71854, 79856, 79857, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79863, 79864, 79865, 82134, 82137, 82138, 82139, 82140, 82142, 82143, 82144, 82146, 82147, 83007 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13643 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44784, "uuid": "e8678aaf39144d8cb10cd02e8a562101", "short_code": "coll", "title": "MRI-ESM2-0 output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using MRI-ESM2-0. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2051 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nMRI-ESM2-0 is the Meteorological Research Institute Earth System Model Version 2.0 hosted at the Meteorological Research Institute, Japan (MRI)" } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211041, 211042, 211043, 211046, 211044, 211045, 211048, 211047, 211049 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92795, 92796 ] }, { "ob_id": 44124, "uuid": "fb86ae844c2e4a9fb0dafeac66fcf721", "title": "piClim-370-SAS126aer data produced by the MRI-ESM2-0 model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the piClim-370-SAS126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using MRI-ESM2-0. It contains NetCDF output for a set of experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe piClim-370-SAS126aer experiment is a fixed sea surface temperature (SST) experiment with 1850 SSTs and sea ice concentrations, following the RFMIP piClim experiment designs. Aerosol and precursor emissions (SO2, black carbon and organic carbon) over South Asia are taken from year 2050 of SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use are taken from SSP3-7.0 At least 30 years are requested. South Asia is the region bounded by 65 and 95E and 5 and 35N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nMRI-ESM2-0: The Meteorological Research Institute Earth System Model Version 2.0 hosted at the Meteorological Research Institute, Japan (MRI)\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.\r\nRFMIP: The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T13:56:51.890819", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T13:57:25", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050. The data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-09-25T15:55:39", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-11-19T09:26:13.360415", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4679, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44125, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/MRI/MRI-ESM2-0/piClim-370-sas126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 62095552119, "numberOfFiles": 116, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12682, "startTime": "1851-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "1880-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4652, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43446, "uuid": "29ae1a98a55c44f6bf0716fda2db76fd", "short_code": "comp", "title": "MRI-ESM2.0", "abstract": "The MRI-ESM2.0 climate model, released in 2017, includes the following components:\r\naerosol: MASINGAR mk2r4 (TL95; 192 x 96 longitude/latitude; 80 levels; top level 0.01 hPa), atmos: MRI-AGCM3.5 (TL159; 320 x 160 longitude/latitude; 80 levels; top level 0.01 hPa), atmosChem: MRI-CCM2.1 (T42; 128 x 64 longitude/latitude; 80 levels; top level 0.01 hPa), land: HAL 1.0, ocean: MRI.COM4.4 (tripolar primarily 0.5 deg latitude/1 deg longitude with meridional refinement down to 0.3 deg within 10 degrees north and south of the equator; 360 x 364 longitude/latitude; 61 levels; top grid cell 0-2 m), ocnBgchem: MRI.COM4.4, seaIce: MRI.COM4.4.\r\n\r\nThe model was run by the Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0052, Japan (MRI) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 100 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 100 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. 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Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 7795, 9045, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50422, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50437, 50445, 50464, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50509, 50551, 50552, 50553, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50577, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50582, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50610, 52746, 52750, 52755, 54321, 54340, 54383, 54454, 54628, 54633, 54712, 54810, 54811, 54813, 59482, 60438, 62525, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71632, 71633, 71641, 71659, 71661, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71802, 71854, 79856, 79857, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79863, 79864, 79865, 82134, 82137, 82138, 82139, 82140, 82142, 82143, 82144, 82146, 82147, 83007 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13644 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44784, "uuid": "e8678aaf39144d8cb10cd02e8a562101", "short_code": "coll", "title": "MRI-ESM2-0 output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using MRI-ESM2-0. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2051 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nMRI-ESM2-0 is the Meteorological Research Institute Earth System Model Version 2.0 hosted at the Meteorological Research Institute, Japan (MRI)" } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211050, 211051, 211052, 211053, 211054, 211055, 211056, 211057, 211058 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92797, 92798 ] }, { "ob_id": 44126, "uuid": "868c9eb8a3314b1a94d7672749f9e319", "title": "piClim-370-AFR126aer data produced by the MRI-ESM2-0 model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the piClim-370-AFR126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using MRI-ESM2-0. It contains NetCDF output for a set of experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe piClim-370-AFR126aer experiment is a fixed sea surface temperature (SST) experiment with 1850 SSTs and sea ice concentrations, following the RFMIP piClim experiment designs. Aerosol and precursor emissions (SO2, black carbon and organic carbon) over Africa and the Middle East are taken from year 2050 of SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use are taken from SSP3-7.0 At least 30 years are requested. Africa and the Middle East is the region bounded by 20W, 60E, 35S, and 35N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nMRI-ESM2-0: The Meteorological Research Institute Earth System Model Version 2.0 hosted at the Meteorological Research Institute, Japan (MRI)\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.\r\nRFMIP: The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T13:56:51.890819", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T13:57:25", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050. 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This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 7795, 9045, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50422, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50437, 50445, 50464, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50509, 50551, 50552, 50553, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50577, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50582, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50610, 52746, 52750, 52755, 54321, 54340, 54383, 54454, 54628, 54633, 54712, 54810, 54811, 54813, 59482, 60438, 62525, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71632, 71633, 71641, 71659, 71661, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71802, 71854, 79856, 79857, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79863, 79864, 79865, 82134, 82137, 82138, 82139, 82140, 82142, 82143, 82144, 82146, 82147, 83007 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13645 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44784, "uuid": "e8678aaf39144d8cb10cd02e8a562101", "short_code": "coll", "title": "MRI-ESM2-0 output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using MRI-ESM2-0. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2051 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nMRI-ESM2-0 is the Meteorological Research Institute Earth System Model Version 2.0 hosted at the Meteorological Research Institute, Japan (MRI)" } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211059, 211060, 211065, 211061, 211062, 211063, 211066, 211064, 211067 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92799, 92800 ] }, { "ob_id": 44128, "uuid": "fc7d9281c75b4acd99ad23f5f36ee7fc", "title": "piClim-370 data produced by the CESM2 model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the piClim-370 experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using CESM2. It contains NetCDF output for a set of experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe piClim-370 experiment is a fixed sea surface temperature (SST) experiment with 1850 SSTs and sea ice concentrations, following the RFMIP piClim experiment designs. Global anthropogenic forcing is taken from year 2050 of the ScenarioMIP SSP3-7.0 experiment. At least 30 years are requested.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nCESM2: the Community Earth System Model 2 hosted at the National Centre for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in the US. \r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.\r\nRFMIP: The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T13:39:07.370800", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T13:40:51", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-05T01:59:20", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The simulations are initialised from the CESM2 Large Ensemble (LE) historical experiments. The baseline SSP370 RAMIP experiment comes directly from the CESM2-LE project. In particular, CESM2 RAMIP uses 10 of the macroperturbation runs (i.e., each ensemble member is initialized from a different year in the preindustrial control simulation) that use an 11-year running mean filter to smooth the CMIP6 biomass burning emissions, including members\r\n\r\nAnthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "ongoing", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-14T12:25:40", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-11-19T09:26:34.184582", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4678, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44129, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/NCAR/CESM2/piClim-370", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 3366116399, "numberOfFiles": 55, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12681, "startTime": "0001-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "0001-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4651, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43461, "uuid": "14416e8347a64c31bb0b2fc744a21331", "short_code": "comp", "title": "CESM2", "abstract": "The CESM2 climate model, released in 2018, includes the following components:\r\naerosol: MAM4 (same grid as atmos), atmos: CAM6 (0.9x1.25 finite volume grid; 288 x 192 longitude/latitude; 32 levels; top level 2.25 mb), atmosChem: MAM4 (same grid as atmos), land: CLM5 (same grid as atmos), landIce: CISM2.1, ocean: POP2 (320x384 longitude/latitude; 60 levels; top grid cell 0-10 m), ocnBgchem: MARBL (same grid as ocean), seaIce: CICE5.1 (same grid as ocean). \r\n\r\nFor CESM2-LE, the model was run by the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, 1850 Table Mesa Drive, Boulder, CO 80305, USA (NCAR) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 100 km, atmos: 100 km, atmosChem: 100 km, land: 100 km, landIce: 5 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km. 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This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. 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Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50421, 50422, 50423, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50429, 50431, 50437, 50445, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50549, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50566, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50610, 52746, 52755, 54454, 54829, 60438, 62525, 62736, 71572, 71632, 71633, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71691, 79856, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79864, 79865, 82132, 82138, 82139, 82142, 82144, 82151 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13646 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44020, "uuid": "b7c87e4dafcc486ba1eca2abac752abf", "short_code": "coll", "title": "CESM2 output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using CESM2. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 28/02/2051 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nCESM2 is the Community Earth System Model 2 hosted at the National Centre for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in the US." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211068, 211069, 211070, 211071, 211073, 211075, 211072, 211074 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92801, 92802, 92803 ] }, { "ob_id": 44130, "uuid": "f53561909bf548468922509edcb9350e", "title": "piClim-370-126aer data produced by the CESM2 model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the piClim-370-126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using CESM2. It contains NetCDF output for a set of experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe piClim-370-126aer experiment is a fixed sea surface temperature (SST) experiment with 1850 SSTs and sea ice concentrations, following the RFMIP piClim experiment designs. Global aerosol and precursor emissions (sulphur dioxide, black carbon and organic carbon) are taken from year 2050 of SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use are taken from SSP3-7.0 At least 30 years are requested.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nCESM2: the Community Earth System Model 2 hosted at the National Centre for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in the US. \r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.\r\nRFMIP: The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T13:39:07.370800", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T13:40:51", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-05T01:59:21", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The simulations are initialised from the CESM2 Large Ensemble (LE) historical experiments. The baseline SSP370 RAMIP experiment comes directly from the CESM2-LE project. In particular, CESM2 RAMIP uses 10 of the macroperturbation runs (i.e., each ensemble member is initialized from a different year in the preindustrial control simulation) that use an 11-year running mean filter to smooth the CMIP6 biomass burning emissions, including members\r\n\r\nAnthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-14T12:25:03", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-11-19T09:26:49.584911", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4678, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44131, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/NCAR/CESM2/piClim-370-126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 3366854282, "numberOfFiles": 55, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12681, "startTime": "0001-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "0001-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4651, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43461, "uuid": "14416e8347a64c31bb0b2fc744a21331", "short_code": "comp", "title": "CESM2", "abstract": "The CESM2 climate model, released in 2018, includes the following components:\r\naerosol: MAM4 (same grid as atmos), atmos: CAM6 (0.9x1.25 finite volume grid; 288 x 192 longitude/latitude; 32 levels; top level 2.25 mb), atmosChem: MAM4 (same grid as atmos), land: CLM5 (same grid as atmos), landIce: CISM2.1, ocean: POP2 (320x384 longitude/latitude; 60 levels; top grid cell 0-10 m), ocnBgchem: MARBL (same grid as ocean), seaIce: CICE5.1 (same grid as ocean). \r\n\r\nFor CESM2-LE, the model was run by the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, 1850 Table Mesa Drive, Boulder, CO 80305, USA (NCAR) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 100 km, atmos: 100 km, atmosChem: 100 km, land: 100 km, landIce: 5 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km. For RAMIP, the model was run by the University of California Riverside at NCAR using the cheyenne supercomputer using the same native nominal resolutions." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50421, 50422, 50423, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50429, 50431, 50437, 50445, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50549, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50566, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50610, 52746, 52755, 54454, 54829, 60438, 62525, 62736, 71572, 71632, 71633, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71691, 79856, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79864, 79865, 82132, 82138, 82139, 82142, 82144, 82151 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13647 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44020, "uuid": "b7c87e4dafcc486ba1eca2abac752abf", "short_code": "coll", "title": "CESM2 output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using CESM2. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 28/02/2051 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nCESM2 is the Community Earth System Model 2 hosted at the National Centre for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in the US." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211076, 211077, 211078, 211079, 211080, 211081, 211082, 211083 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92804, 92805, 92806 ] }, { "ob_id": 44132, "uuid": "ab487c833cff4177a7c1c8faf790dbca", "title": "piClim-370-NAE126aer data produced by the CESM2 model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the piClim-370-NAE126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using CESM2. It contains NetCDF output for a set of experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe piClim-370-NAE126aer experiment is a fixed sea surface temperature (SST) experiment with 1850 SSTs and sea ice concentrations, following the RFMIP piClim experiment designs. Aerosol and precursor emissions (sulphur dioxide, black carbon and organic carbon) over North America and Europe are taken from year 2050 of SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use are taken from SSP3-7.0 At least 30 years are requested. North America and Europe are the regions bounded by 150W, 45W, 25N and 70N and 20W, 45E, 35N, and 70N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nCESM2: the Community Earth System Model 2 hosted at the National Centre for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in the US. \r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.\r\nRFMIP: The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T13:39:07.370800", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T13:40:51", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-05T01:59:20", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The simulations are initialised from the CESM2 Large Ensemble (LE) historical experiments. The baseline SSP370 RAMIP experiment comes directly from the CESM2-LE project. In particular, CESM2 RAMIP uses 10 of the macroperturbation runs (i.e., each ensemble member is initialized from a different year in the preindustrial control simulation) that use an 11-year running mean filter to smooth the CMIP6 biomass burning emissions, including members\r\n\r\nAnthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-14T12:22:53", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-11-19T09:26:54.483845", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4678, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44133, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/NCAR/CESM2/piClim-370-nae126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 3365910091, "numberOfFiles": 55, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12681, "startTime": "0001-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "0001-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4651, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43461, "uuid": "14416e8347a64c31bb0b2fc744a21331", "short_code": "comp", "title": "CESM2", "abstract": "The CESM2 climate model, released in 2018, includes the following components:\r\naerosol: MAM4 (same grid as atmos), atmos: CAM6 (0.9x1.25 finite volume grid; 288 x 192 longitude/latitude; 32 levels; top level 2.25 mb), atmosChem: MAM4 (same grid as atmos), land: CLM5 (same grid as atmos), landIce: CISM2.1, ocean: POP2 (320x384 longitude/latitude; 60 levels; top grid cell 0-10 m), ocnBgchem: MARBL (same grid as ocean), seaIce: CICE5.1 (same grid as ocean). \r\n\r\nFor CESM2-LE, the model was run by the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, 1850 Table Mesa Drive, Boulder, CO 80305, USA (NCAR) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 100 km, atmos: 100 km, atmosChem: 100 km, land: 100 km, landIce: 5 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km. For RAMIP, the model was run by the University of California Riverside at NCAR using the cheyenne supercomputer using the same native nominal resolutions." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50421, 50422, 50423, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50429, 50431, 50437, 50445, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50549, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50566, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50610, 52746, 52755, 54454, 54829, 60438, 62525, 62736, 71572, 71632, 71633, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71691, 79856, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79864, 79865, 82132, 82138, 82139, 82142, 82144, 82151 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13648 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44020, "uuid": "b7c87e4dafcc486ba1eca2abac752abf", "short_code": "coll", "title": "CESM2 output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using CESM2. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 28/02/2051 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nCESM2 is the Community Earth System Model 2 hosted at the National Centre for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in the US." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211084, 211085, 211086, 211087, 211088, 211089, 211090, 211091 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92808, 92809, 92807 ] }, { "ob_id": 44134, "uuid": "08c13840a2cd4fac95c7309e37303f75", "title": "piClim-370-EAS126aer data produced by the CESM2 model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the piClim-370-EAS126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using CESM2. It contains NetCDF output for a set of experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe piClim-370-EAS126aer experiment is a fixed sea surface temperature (SST) experiment with 1850 SSTs and sea ice concentrations, following the RFMIP piClim experiment designs. Aerosol and precursor emissions (sulphur dioxide, black carbon and organic carbon) over East Asia are taken from year 2050 of SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use are taken from SSP3-7.0 At least 30 years are requested. East Asia is the region bounded by 95 and 133E and 20 and 53N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nCESM2: the Community Earth System Model 2 hosted at the National Centre for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in the US. \r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.\r\nRFMIP: The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T13:39:07.370800", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T13:40:51", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-05T01:59:21", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The simulations are initialised from the CESM2 Large Ensemble (LE) historical experiments. The baseline SSP370 RAMIP experiment comes directly from the CESM2-LE project. In particular, CESM2 RAMIP uses 10 of the macroperturbation runs (i.e., each ensemble member is initialized from a different year in the preindustrial control simulation) that use an 11-year running mean filter to smooth the CMIP6 biomass burning emissions, including members\r\n\r\nAnthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-14T12:20:48", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-11-19T09:27:01.497249", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4678, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44135, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/NCAR/CESM2/piClim-370-eas126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 3367031716, "numberOfFiles": 55, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12681, "startTime": "0001-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "0001-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4651, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43461, "uuid": "14416e8347a64c31bb0b2fc744a21331", "short_code": "comp", "title": "CESM2", "abstract": "The CESM2 climate model, released in 2018, includes the following components:\r\naerosol: MAM4 (same grid as atmos), atmos: CAM6 (0.9x1.25 finite volume grid; 288 x 192 longitude/latitude; 32 levels; top level 2.25 mb), atmosChem: MAM4 (same grid as atmos), land: CLM5 (same grid as atmos), landIce: CISM2.1, ocean: POP2 (320x384 longitude/latitude; 60 levels; top grid cell 0-10 m), ocnBgchem: MARBL (same grid as ocean), seaIce: CICE5.1 (same grid as ocean). \r\n\r\nFor CESM2-LE, the model was run by the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, 1850 Table Mesa Drive, Boulder, CO 80305, USA (NCAR) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 100 km, atmos: 100 km, atmosChem: 100 km, land: 100 km, landIce: 5 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km. For RAMIP, the model was run by the University of California Riverside at NCAR using the cheyenne supercomputer using the same native nominal resolutions." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50421, 50422, 50423, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50429, 50431, 50437, 50445, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50549, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50566, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50610, 52746, 52755, 54454, 54829, 60438, 62525, 62736, 71572, 71632, 71633, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71691, 79856, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79864, 79865, 82132, 82138, 82139, 82142, 82144, 82151 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13649 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44020, "uuid": "b7c87e4dafcc486ba1eca2abac752abf", "short_code": "coll", "title": "CESM2 output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using CESM2. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 28/02/2051 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nCESM2 is the Community Earth System Model 2 hosted at the National Centre for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in the US." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211092, 211093, 211094, 211095, 211096, 211097, 211098, 211099 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92810, 92811, 92812 ] }, { "ob_id": 44136, "uuid": "bd0f1a2c727948e39897d7f3785e1228", "title": "piClim-370-SAS126aer data produced by the CESM2 model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the piClim-370-SAS126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using CESM2. It contains NetCDF output for a set of experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe piClim-370-SAS126aer experiment is a fixed sea surface temperature (SST) experiment with 1850 SSTs and sea ice concentrations, following the RFMIP piClim experiment designs. Aerosol and precursor emissions (sulphur dioxide, black carbon and organic carbon) over South Asia are taken from year 2050 of SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use are taken from SSP3-7.0 At least 30 years are requested. South Asia is the region bounded by 65 and 95E and 5 and 35N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nCESM2: the Community Earth System Model 2 hosted at the National Centre for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in the US. \r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.\r\nRFMIP: The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T13:39:07.370800", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T13:40:51", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-05T01:59:21", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The simulations are initialised from the CESM2 Large Ensemble (LE) historical experiments. The baseline SSP370 RAMIP experiment comes directly from the CESM2-LE project. In particular, CESM2 RAMIP uses 10 of the macroperturbation runs (i.e., each ensemble member is initialized from a different year in the preindustrial control simulation) that use an 11-year running mean filter to smooth the CMIP6 biomass burning emissions, including members\r\n\r\nAnthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": true, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-14T12:20:01", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-11-19T09:27:04.167761", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4678, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44137, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/NCAR/CESM2/piClim-370-sas126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 3365863199, "numberOfFiles": 55, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12681, "startTime": "0001-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "0001-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4651, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43461, "uuid": "14416e8347a64c31bb0b2fc744a21331", "short_code": "comp", "title": "CESM2", "abstract": "The CESM2 climate model, released in 2018, includes the following components:\r\naerosol: MAM4 (same grid as atmos), atmos: CAM6 (0.9x1.25 finite volume grid; 288 x 192 longitude/latitude; 32 levels; top level 2.25 mb), atmosChem: MAM4 (same grid as atmos), land: CLM5 (same grid as atmos), landIce: CISM2.1, ocean: POP2 (320x384 longitude/latitude; 60 levels; top grid cell 0-10 m), ocnBgchem: MARBL (same grid as ocean), seaIce: CICE5.1 (same grid as ocean). \r\n\r\nFor CESM2-LE, the model was run by the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, 1850 Table Mesa Drive, Boulder, CO 80305, USA (NCAR) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 100 km, atmos: 100 km, atmosChem: 100 km, land: 100 km, landIce: 5 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km. For RAMIP, the model was run by the University of California Riverside at NCAR using the cheyenne supercomputer using the same native nominal resolutions." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50421, 50422, 50423, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50429, 50431, 50437, 50445, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50549, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50566, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50610, 52746, 52755, 54454, 54829, 60438, 62525, 62736, 71572, 71632, 71633, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71691, 79856, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79864, 79865, 82132, 82138, 82139, 82142, 82144, 82151 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13650 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44020, "uuid": "b7c87e4dafcc486ba1eca2abac752abf", "short_code": "coll", "title": "CESM2 output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using CESM2. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 28/02/2051 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nCESM2 is the Community Earth System Model 2 hosted at the National Centre for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in the US." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211100, 211101, 211102, 211103, 211104, 211105, 211106, 211107 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92813, 92814, 92815 ] }, { "ob_id": 44138, "uuid": "913d1121e6a546d0a68a0fe4913fba0c", "title": "piClim-370-AFR126aer data produced by the CESM2 model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the piClim-370-AFR126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using CESM2. It contains NetCDF output for a set of experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe piClim-370-AFR126aer experiment is a fixed sea surface temperature (SST) experiment with 1850 SSTs and sea ice concentrations, following the RFMIP piClim experiment designs. Aerosol and precursor emissions (sulphur dioxide, black carbon and organic carbon) over Africa and the Middle East are taken from year 2050 of SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use are taken from SSP3-7.0 At least 30 years are requested. Africa and the Middle East is the region bounded by 20W, 60E, 35S, and 35N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nCESM2: the Community Earth System Model 2 hosted at the National Centre for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in the US. \r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.\r\nRFMIP: The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T13:39:07.370800", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T13:40:51", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-05T01:59:19", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The simulations are initialised from the CESM2 Large Ensemble (LE) historical experiments. The baseline SSP370 RAMIP experiment comes directly from the CESM2-LE project. In particular, CESM2 RAMIP uses 10 of the macroperturbation runs (i.e., each ensemble member is initialized from a different year in the preindustrial control simulation) that use an 11-year running mean filter to smooth the CMIP6 biomass burning emissions, including members\r\n\r\nAnthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-14T12:21:41", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-11-19T09:27:11.500883", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4678, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44139, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/NCAR/CESM2/piClim-370-afr126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 3366434017, "numberOfFiles": 55, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12681, "startTime": "0001-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "0001-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4651, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43461, "uuid": "14416e8347a64c31bb0b2fc744a21331", "short_code": "comp", "title": "CESM2", "abstract": "The CESM2 climate model, released in 2018, includes the following components:\r\naerosol: MAM4 (same grid as atmos), atmos: CAM6 (0.9x1.25 finite volume grid; 288 x 192 longitude/latitude; 32 levels; top level 2.25 mb), atmosChem: MAM4 (same grid as atmos), land: CLM5 (same grid as atmos), landIce: CISM2.1, ocean: POP2 (320x384 longitude/latitude; 60 levels; top grid cell 0-10 m), ocnBgchem: MARBL (same grid as ocean), seaIce: CICE5.1 (same grid as ocean). \r\n\r\nFor CESM2-LE, the model was run by the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, 1850 Table Mesa Drive, Boulder, CO 80305, USA (NCAR) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 100 km, atmos: 100 km, atmosChem: 100 km, land: 100 km, landIce: 5 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km. For RAMIP, the model was run by the University of California Riverside at NCAR using the cheyenne supercomputer using the same native nominal resolutions." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50421, 50422, 50423, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50429, 50431, 50437, 50445, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50549, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50566, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50610, 52746, 52755, 54454, 54829, 60438, 62525, 62736, 71572, 71632, 71633, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71691, 79856, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79864, 79865, 82132, 82138, 82139, 82142, 82144, 82151 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13651 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44020, "uuid": "b7c87e4dafcc486ba1eca2abac752abf", "short_code": "coll", "title": "CESM2 output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using CESM2. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 28/02/2051 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nCESM2 is the Community Earth System Model 2 hosted at the National Centre for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in the US." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211109, 211110, 211111, 211108, 211112, 211113, 211114, 211115 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92816, 92817, 92818 ] }, { "ob_id": 44140, "uuid": "8bfc884852f34c60ab5f97bedde5e661", "title": "SSP370-SAS126ca data produced by the GISS-E2-1-G model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the SSP370-SAS126ca experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using GISS-E2-1-G. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with regional carbonaceous aerosol reductions over South Asia. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe SSP370-SAS126ca coupled transient experiment runs from January 2015 to at least February 2051. Carbonaceous aerosol emissions (black carbon and organic carbon) over South Asia are taken from SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use follow SSP3-7.0. South Asia is the region bounded by 65 and 95E and 5 and 35N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T14:44:43.282376", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T14:44:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The coupled transient simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. \r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050. \r\n\r\nData are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/ \r\n\r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "working", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "pending", "dataPublishedTime": null, "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4682, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44141, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/NASA-GISS/GISS-E2-1-G/ssp370-sas126ca", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 300015843552, "numberOfFiles": 774, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12049, "startTime": "2015-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2070-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4655, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43452, "uuid": "7931a6294a684b7083e4ffb807532b9c", "short_code": "comp", "title": "GISS-E2-1-G", "abstract": "The GISS-E2.1G climate model, released in 2019, includes the following components:\r\naerosol: Varies with physics-version (p==1 none, p==3 OMA, p==4 TOMAS, p==5 MATRIX), atmos: GISS-E2.1 (2.5x2 degree; 144 x 90 longitude/latitude; 40 levels; top level 0.1 hPa), atmosChem: Varies with physics-version (p==1 Non-interactive, p>1 GPUCCINI), land: GISS LSM, ocean: GISS Ocean (GO1, 1 degree; 360 x 180 longitude/latitude; 40 levels; top grid cell 0-10 m), seaIce: GISS SI.\r\n\r\nThe model was run by the Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY 10025, USA (NASA-GISS) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, seaIce: 250 km." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 6255, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50422, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50428, 50437, 50445, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50551, 50552, 50553, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50559, 50561, 50566, 50568, 50569, 50570, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50603, 50608, 50609, 50610, 50614, 50615, 50616, 52755, 54215, 54242, 54252, 54265, 54268, 54300, 54302, 54340, 54829, 60438, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71615, 71632, 71633, 71646, 71648, 71659, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71687, 71732, 71802, 71820, 71825, 71854, 79857, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79864, 79865, 82132, 82133, 82134, 82135, 82136, 82138, 82139, 82140, 82141, 82142, 82143, 82144, 82146, 82148, 82150, 82151, 82152, 83905 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44057, "uuid": "ffc25e6de67b4e3caa4693a093fd7bab", "short_code": "coll", "title": "GISS-E2-1-G output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 and Tier 2 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using GISS-E2-1-G. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2070 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211116, 211117, 211120, 211118, 211122, 211119, 211121, 211123, 211124, 211125 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92819, 92820, 92821 ] }, { "ob_id": 44142, "uuid": "749f7a388e1c4b8c8455a3146777b30d", "title": "SSP370-ASIA126aer data produced by the GISS-E2-1-G model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the SSP370-ASIA126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using GISS-E2-1-G. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with regional carbonaceous aerosol reductions over South Asia. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe SSP370-ASIA126aer coupled transient experiment from January 2015 to at least February 2051. Aerosol and precursor emissions (SO2, black carbon and organic carbon) over Asia are taken from SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use follow SSP3-7.0. Asia is comprised of East Asia (the region bounded by 95 and 133E and 20 and 53N) and South Asia (the region bounded by 65 and 95E and 5 and 35N).\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T14:44:43.282376", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T14:44:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The coupled transient simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. \r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050. \r\n\r\nData are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/ \r\n\r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "working", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "pending", "dataPublishedTime": null, "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4682, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44143, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/NASA-GISS/GISS-E2-1-G/ssp370-asia126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 571616999900, "numberOfFiles": 1690, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12049, "startTime": "2015-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2070-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4655, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43452, "uuid": "7931a6294a684b7083e4ffb807532b9c", "short_code": "comp", "title": "GISS-E2-1-G", "abstract": "The GISS-E2.1G climate model, released in 2019, includes the following components:\r\naerosol: Varies with physics-version (p==1 none, p==3 OMA, p==4 TOMAS, p==5 MATRIX), atmos: GISS-E2.1 (2.5x2 degree; 144 x 90 longitude/latitude; 40 levels; top level 0.1 hPa), atmosChem: Varies with physics-version (p==1 Non-interactive, p>1 GPUCCINI), land: GISS LSM, ocean: GISS Ocean (GO1, 1 degree; 360 x 180 longitude/latitude; 40 levels; top grid cell 0-10 m), seaIce: GISS SI.\r\n\r\nThe model was run by the Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY 10025, USA (NASA-GISS) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, seaIce: 250 km." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 6255, 9045, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50422, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50428, 50432, 50435, 50436, 50437, 50438, 50441, 50442, 50444, 50445, 50447, 50454, 50459, 50468, 50475, 50479, 50481, 50487, 50496, 50498, 50499, 50551, 50552, 50553, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50559, 50561, 50564, 50566, 50567, 50568, 50570, 50572, 50573, 50575, 50577, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50581, 50583, 50586, 50587, 50588, 50589, 50590, 50591, 50592, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50603, 50605, 50608, 50609, 50610, 50611, 50614, 50615, 50616, 50622, 52746, 52751, 52755, 53111, 54210, 54215, 54217, 54228, 54231, 54232, 54235, 54242, 54243, 54244, 54247, 54250, 54252, 54258, 54261, 54265, 54266, 54268, 54269, 54299, 54300, 54302, 54312, 54313, 54321, 54325, 54340, 54348, 54350, 54356, 54369, 54375, 54376, 54416, 54421, 54422, 54426, 54440, 54447, 54448, 54451, 54459, 54460, 54465, 54471, 54473, 54475, 54478, 54481, 54486, 54491, 54628, 54630, 54824, 54827, 54829, 54832, 55100, 55111, 55179, 59437, 60372, 60438, 60461, 62525, 62735, 62736, 62740, 69245, 71572, 71573, 71574, 71615, 71629, 71632, 71633, 71646, 71647, 71648, 71654, 71655, 71658, 71659, 71660, 71666, 71667, 71668, 71669, 71674, 71676, 71677, 71680, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71689, 71732, 71736, 71798, 71802, 71803, 71820, 71822, 71825, 71834, 71843, 71854, 71862, 71870, 71877, 71879, 71890, 71892, 71904, 71909, 71914, 71919, 71996, 79857, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79864, 79865, 79952, 80111, 82132, 82133, 82134, 82135, 82136, 82138, 82139, 82140, 82141, 82142, 82143, 82144, 82146, 82148, 82150, 82151, 82152, 82153, 82361, 83006, 83008, 83167, 83183, 83187, 83230, 83905, 84513, 84515, 84517, 84519, 84526, 84527, 84528, 84529, 84530, 84531, 84532, 84533, 84534, 84535, 84536, 84537 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44057, "uuid": "ffc25e6de67b4e3caa4693a093fd7bab", "short_code": "coll", "title": "GISS-E2-1-G output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 and Tier 2 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using GISS-E2-1-G. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2070 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211126, 211127, 211128, 211129, 211130, 211131, 211132, 211133, 211134, 211135 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92822, 92823, 92824 ] }, { "ob_id": 44144, "uuid": "2ac324f1e5894e32bc19070ae9510cd3", "title": "SSP370-SAF126ca data produced by the GISS-E2-1-G model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the SSP370-SAF126ca experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using GISS-E2-1-G. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with regional carbonaceous aerosol reductions over South Asia. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe SSP370-SAF126ca coupled transient experiment from January 2015 to at least February 2051. Carbonaceous aerosol emissions (black carbon and organic carbon) over sub-Saharan Africa are taken from SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use follow SSP3-7.0. Sub-Saharan Africa is the region bounded by 20W and 50E and 35S and 12N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T14:44:43.282376", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T14:44:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The coupled transient simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. \r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050. \r\n\r\nData are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/ \r\n\r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "working", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "pending", "dataPublishedTime": null, "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4682, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44145, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/NASA-GISS/GISS-E2-1-G/ssp370-saf126ca", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 538281906172, "numberOfFiles": 1604, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12049, "startTime": "2015-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2070-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4655, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43452, "uuid": "7931a6294a684b7083e4ffb807532b9c", "short_code": "comp", "title": "GISS-E2-1-G", "abstract": "The GISS-E2.1G climate model, released in 2019, includes the following components:\r\naerosol: Varies with physics-version (p==1 none, p==3 OMA, p==4 TOMAS, p==5 MATRIX), atmos: GISS-E2.1 (2.5x2 degree; 144 x 90 longitude/latitude; 40 levels; top level 0.1 hPa), atmosChem: Varies with physics-version (p==1 Non-interactive, p>1 GPUCCINI), land: GISS LSM, ocean: GISS Ocean (GO1, 1 degree; 360 x 180 longitude/latitude; 40 levels; top grid cell 0-10 m), seaIce: GISS SI.\r\n\r\nThe model was run by the Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY 10025, USA (NASA-GISS) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, seaIce: 250 km." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 6255, 9045, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50422, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50428, 50432, 50435, 50436, 50437, 50442, 50444, 50445, 50447, 50454, 50457, 50459, 50468, 50475, 50479, 50481, 50487, 50496, 50498, 50499, 50551, 50552, 50553, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50559, 50561, 50564, 50566, 50567, 50568, 50569, 50570, 50571, 50572, 50573, 50574, 50575, 50577, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50581, 50582, 50583, 50586, 50587, 50588, 50589, 50591, 50592, 50596, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50603, 50605, 50608, 50609, 50610, 50611, 50614, 50615, 50616, 50622, 52746, 52751, 52755, 53111, 54212, 54215, 54217, 54218, 54228, 54231, 54232, 54235, 54242, 54243, 54244, 54247, 54250, 54252, 54258, 54261, 54265, 54266, 54267, 54268, 54299, 54300, 54302, 54312, 54313, 54321, 54325, 54340, 54348, 54350, 54356, 54369, 54374, 54416, 54421, 54422, 54426, 54445, 54447, 54448, 54459, 54460, 54465, 54471, 54473, 54475, 54478, 54481, 54486, 54628, 54630, 54824, 54827, 54828, 54829, 54830, 54832, 55100, 55111, 55179, 59437, 60372, 60438, 60461, 61649, 62525, 62735, 62736, 62738, 62740, 69245, 71572, 71573, 71574, 71615, 71633, 71646, 71647, 71648, 71654, 71655, 71658, 71659, 71660, 71666, 71668, 71669, 71674, 71675, 71676, 71677, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71689, 71732, 71736, 71764, 71798, 71802, 71803, 71820, 71822, 71825, 71843, 71845, 71854, 71862, 71870, 71877, 71879, 71890, 71892, 71904, 71909, 71914, 71919, 71996, 79857, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79864, 79865, 79952, 80111, 80422, 82132, 82133, 82134, 82135, 82136, 82138, 82139, 82140, 82142, 82143, 82144, 82146, 82148, 82150, 82151, 82152, 82153, 82361, 83006, 83008, 83167, 83183, 83187, 83230, 83905, 84513, 84515, 84517, 84519, 84520, 84526, 84528, 84529, 84530, 84531, 84532, 84533, 84534, 84535, 84536, 84537, 86020 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44057, "uuid": "ffc25e6de67b4e3caa4693a093fd7bab", "short_code": "coll", "title": "GISS-E2-1-G output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 and Tier 2 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using GISS-E2-1-G. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2070 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211136, 211137, 211138, 211139, 211140, 211141, 211142, 211143, 211144, 211145 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92825, 92826, 92827 ] }, { "ob_id": 44147, "uuid": "687f7c7024a84ea0bc6486da51d93bff", "title": "SSP370-126aer data produced by the MIROC6 model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the SSP370-126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using MIROC6. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe SSP370-126aer coupled transient experiment runs from January 2015 to at least February 2051. Global aerosol and precursor emissions (SO2, black carbon and organic carbon) are taken from SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use follow SSP3-7.0.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nMIROC6: The sixth version of the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate (MIROC), called MIROC6, was cooperatively developed by a Japanese modeling community.\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T14:56:03.799450", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T14:56:19", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The coupled transient simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050. \r\n\r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "preview", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": null, "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4683, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44148, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/MIROC/MIROC6/ssp370-126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 2250144380446, "numberOfFiles": 969, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12051, "startTime": "2015-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2051-02-28T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4656, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43454, "uuid": "0f7578a9d55f42eead6e66014f8e4cd4", "short_code": "comp", "title": "MIROC6", "abstract": "The MIROC6 climate model, released in 2017, includes the following components: \r\naerosol: SPRINTARS6.0, atmos: CCSR AGCM (T85; 256 x 128 longitude/latitude; 81 levels; top level 0.004 hPa), land: MATSIRO6.0, ocean: COCO4.9 (tripolar primarily 1deg; 360 x 256 longitude/latitude; 63 levels; top grid cell 0-2 m), seaIce: COCO4.9. \r\n\r\nFor CMIP6, the model was run by the JAMSTEC (Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Kanagawa 236-0001, Japan), AORI (Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8564, Japan), NIES (National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan), and R-CCS (RIKEN Center for Computational Science, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan) (MIROC) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, land: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km. For RAMIP, the model was run by JAMSTEC." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 6255, 7795, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50437, 50445, 50464, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50552, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50568, 50569, 50570, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50609, 50611, 50613, 50615, 50616, 51206, 52746, 52750, 52755, 54252, 54340, 54383, 54692, 54712, 54810, 54811, 54813, 54829, 60438, 62525, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71632, 71633, 71641, 71659, 71661, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71820, 71825, 79856, 79857, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79864, 79865, 82132, 82138, 82139, 82142, 82143, 82144, 82145, 82146, 82152, 92713 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44087, "uuid": "7fbe5be720a34d4785cc7e3bb9df4641", "short_code": "coll", "title": "MIROC6 output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 and Tier 2 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using MIROC6. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 28/02/2051 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211146, 211147, 211148, 211149, 211150, 211151, 211152 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92828, 92829 ] }, { "ob_id": 44149, "uuid": "21b2bc55e88f436d9ff824620a9157af", "title": "SSP370-NAE126aer data produced by the MIROC6 model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the SSP370-NAE126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using MIROC6. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe SSP370-NAE126aer coupled transient experiment runs from January 2015 to at least February 2051. Aerosol and precursor emissions (SO2, black carbon and organic carbon) over North America and Europe are taken from SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use follow SSP3-7.0. North America and Europe are the regions bounded by 150W, 45W, 25N and 70N, and 20W, 45E, 35N, and 70N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nMIROC6: The sixth version of the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate (MIROC), called MIROC6, was cooperatively developed by a Japanese modeling community.\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T14:56:03.799450", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T14:56:19", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The coupled transient simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050. \r\n\r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "preview", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": null, "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4683, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44150, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/MIROC/MIROC6/ssp370-nae126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 2217066024877, "numberOfFiles": 960, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12051, "startTime": "2015-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2051-02-28T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4656, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43454, "uuid": "0f7578a9d55f42eead6e66014f8e4cd4", "short_code": "comp", "title": "MIROC6", "abstract": "The MIROC6 climate model, released in 2017, includes the following components: \r\naerosol: SPRINTARS6.0, atmos: CCSR AGCM (T85; 256 x 128 longitude/latitude; 81 levels; top level 0.004 hPa), land: MATSIRO6.0, ocean: COCO4.9 (tripolar primarily 1deg; 360 x 256 longitude/latitude; 63 levels; top grid cell 0-2 m), seaIce: COCO4.9. \r\n\r\nFor CMIP6, the model was run by the JAMSTEC (Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Kanagawa 236-0001, Japan), AORI (Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8564, Japan), NIES (National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan), and R-CCS (RIKEN Center for Computational Science, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan) (MIROC) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, land: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km. For RAMIP, the model was run by JAMSTEC." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 6255, 7795, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50437, 50445, 50464, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50552, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50568, 50569, 50570, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50609, 50611, 50613, 50615, 50616, 51206, 52746, 52750, 52755, 54252, 54340, 54383, 54692, 54712, 54810, 54811, 54813, 54829, 60438, 62525, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71632, 71633, 71641, 71659, 71661, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71820, 71825, 79856, 79857, 82138, 82139, 82144, 82146, 82152 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44087, "uuid": "7fbe5be720a34d4785cc7e3bb9df4641", "short_code": "coll", "title": "MIROC6 output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 and Tier 2 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using MIROC6. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 28/02/2051 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211153, 211154, 211155, 211156, 211157, 211158, 211159 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92830, 92831 ] }, { "ob_id": 44151, "uuid": "45d235933e27466b9fdcf2159ddac57f", "title": "SSP370-AFR126aer data produced by the MIROC6 model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the SSP370-AFR126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using MIROC6. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe SSP370-AFR126aer coupled transient experiment runs from January 2015 to at least February 2051. Aerosol and precursor emissions (SO2, black carbon and organic carbon) over Africa and the Middle East are taken from SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use follow SSP3-7.0. Africa and the Middle East is the region bounded by 20W, 60E, 35S, and 35N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nMIROC6: The sixth version of the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate (MIROC), called MIROC6, was cooperatively developed by a Japanese modeling community.\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T14:56:03.799450", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T14:56:19", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The coupled transient simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. 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These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050. \r\n\r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "preview", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": null, "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4683, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44152, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/MIROC/MIROC6/ssp370-afr126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 2217201339457, "numberOfFiles": 961, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12051, "startTime": "2015-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2051-02-28T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4656, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43454, "uuid": "0f7578a9d55f42eead6e66014f8e4cd4", "short_code": "comp", "title": "MIROC6", "abstract": "The MIROC6 climate model, released in 2017, includes the following components: \r\naerosol: SPRINTARS6.0, atmos: CCSR AGCM (T85; 256 x 128 longitude/latitude; 81 levels; top level 0.004 hPa), land: MATSIRO6.0, ocean: COCO4.9 (tripolar primarily 1deg; 360 x 256 longitude/latitude; 63 levels; top grid cell 0-2 m), seaIce: COCO4.9. \r\n\r\nFor CMIP6, the model was run by the JAMSTEC (Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Kanagawa 236-0001, Japan), AORI (Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8564, Japan), NIES (National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan), and R-CCS (RIKEN Center for Computational Science, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan) (MIROC) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, land: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km. 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These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nMIROC6: The sixth version of the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate (MIROC), called MIROC6, was cooperatively developed by a Japanese modeling community.\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T14:56:03.799450", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T14:56:19", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The coupled transient simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. 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These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050. \r\n\r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "preview", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": null, "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4683, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44154, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/MIROC/MIROC6/ssp370-eas126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 2213083459525, "numberOfFiles": 960, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12051, "startTime": "2015-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2051-02-28T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4656, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43454, "uuid": "0f7578a9d55f42eead6e66014f8e4cd4", "short_code": "comp", "title": "MIROC6", "abstract": "The MIROC6 climate model, released in 2017, includes the following components: \r\naerosol: SPRINTARS6.0, atmos: CCSR AGCM (T85; 256 x 128 longitude/latitude; 81 levels; top level 0.004 hPa), land: MATSIRO6.0, ocean: COCO4.9 (tripolar primarily 1deg; 360 x 256 longitude/latitude; 63 levels; top grid cell 0-2 m), seaIce: COCO4.9. \r\n\r\nFor CMIP6, the model was run by the JAMSTEC (Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Kanagawa 236-0001, Japan), AORI (Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8564, Japan), NIES (National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan), and R-CCS (RIKEN Center for Computational Science, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan) (MIROC) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, land: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km. 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Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 6255, 7795, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50437, 50445, 50464, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50549, 50552, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50568, 50569, 50570, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50609, 50611, 50613, 50615, 50616, 51206, 52746, 52750, 52755, 54252, 54340, 54383, 54692, 54712, 54810, 54811, 54813, 54829, 60438, 62525, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71632, 71633, 71641, 71659, 71661, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71683, 71687, 71820, 71825, 79856, 79857, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79864, 79865, 82132, 82138, 82139, 82142, 82143, 82144, 82145, 82146, 92713 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44087, "uuid": "7fbe5be720a34d4785cc7e3bb9df4641", "short_code": "coll", "title": "MIROC6 output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 and Tier 2 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using MIROC6. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 28/02/2051 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211174, 211175, 211176, 211177, 211178, 211179, 211180, 216844 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92836, 92837 ] }, { "ob_id": 44159, "uuid": "8cce78e3a2814276a8680226c01a8bc6", "title": "British Isles weather radar gridded composite time series data, including 3D reflectivity, dual-polarisation, and derived 2D quantities (June-August 2023)", "abstract": "This dataset consists of 3D spatial grids of weather radar reflectivity, which have 5-minute temporal, 1km horizontal, and 500m vertical resolution. They are constructed from UK weather radar network scans, provided by 16 radars in England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, and the Channel Islands.\r\n\r\nIn addition to the 3D, there are some 2D grids of fields derived from the vertical grid columns, including maximum column dBZ and vertically integrated liquid water. Please see descriptions below.\r\n\r\nNote – this dataset contains non-operational data products, with this time-limited dataset provided primarily to aid use within the ParaChute research programme.\r\n\r\nThe interpolation method used to arrive at the multi-radar gridded values is similar to that described in Zhang (2005). The reasons for choosing this method over another more recent one (Scovell and al-Sakka, 2016) can be found in Stein et al. (2020).\r\n\r\nThe horizontal domain spans X=[-405000, 1320000], Y=[-625000, 1550000] metres on the UK National Grid (EPSG:27700) projection. This is regularly spaced, with 2175 rows x 1725 columns, and is the same as the “Nimrod” grid used by RadarNet (Harrison et al., 2009). Grid points are located at the centres of each grid box (at X/Y coordinates ending in 500). The vertical is comprised of 24 evenly spaced 500m height levels in the range h=[250,11750] metres AMSL, with the first at 250m AMSL.\r\n\r\nThe data are temporally continuous, at 5-minute resolution, from 2023-06-01 00:00 UTC to 2023-08-31 23:55 UTC. An exception being for two periods of network outage, which are 2023-06-12 17:00-19:00 UTC, and 2023-08-14 08:00-09:00 UTC.\r\n\r\nThe 3D radar grids are formed using scan data following the operational scanning strategy of the UK. This favours low elevation angles, to aid with surface quantitative precipitation estimation. Thus, at higher altitudes, coverage can be sparse (Scovell and al-Sakka, 2016) and the observations are of relatively poor quality, being at long range. No 3D grid point has a data value that has been extrapolated beyond 2.5km range horizontally. Thus, there are large data voids ~10km, at the highest altitude levels. Smaller gaps can appear at lower altitudes. At the lowest levels, and at long range from a radar site, there may sometimes be no coverage. This is unavoidable, due to the curvature of the Earth.\r\n\r\nDATASETS\r\nThe data are stored in an HDF5 file format, with the standard HDF5-native gzip compression. The stored attributes and datasets are based on, but do not strictly adhere to, the ODIM data model specification (Michelson et al., 2008). \r\nThe following ODIM quantities encoded:\r\n•\tDBZH: 3D reflectivity composite\r\n•\tZDR: 3D ZDR composite\r\n•\tRHOHV: 3D Fisher-Z (arctanh) -transformed RHOHV composite\r\n•\tMAXDBZ: 2D “column maximum” , derived from DBZH. In numpy these are computed with np.max ( reflectivity, axis = 0)\r\n•\tVIL: 2D Vertically Integrated Liquid water, as in Green and Clarke (1972) \r\n•\tTOP45, TOP18: echo top heights (highest height level) for DBZH > 45/18\r\n•\tPOH: Probability of Hail; equal to f * ( TOP45 – height of T=0C isotherm ), as in DeLobbe and Holleman (2003). \r\n•\tVII, CRIT_IND: Vertically Integrated Ice and (lightning) Criterion Index, as defined in Mosier et al. (2011), and Haklander (2014).\r\n•\tSHI, POSH, MEHS: these are hail and lightning indices derived from formulae in Witt et al. (c. 1998)\r\nThe following caveats apply to the ODIM formatting:\r\n•\tUnofficial non-compliant ODIM attributes have been added to allow storage of 3D information in the ODIM HDF5 format.\r\n•\tThe metadata describing the 3D grids are not complete.\r\n\r\nSee the online resources section for full citations used on this record.", "creationDate": "2025-04-22T15:50:44.900371", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-04-22T15:46:24", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-07-18T02:02:10", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data were produced by the project team and supplied for archiving at the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "Met Office, weather radar, 3D radar, ParaChute", "publicationState": "published", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-01T07:33:43", "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 721, "bboxName": "NIMROD UK domain", "eastBoundLongitude": 4.0, "westBoundLongitude": -13.469999, "southBoundLatitude": 47.0, "northBoundLatitude": 62.700001 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44202, "dataPath": "/badc/woest/data/mo-rain-radar/2023_JJA_3d_radar_parachute/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 768148237713, "numberOfFiles": 186, "fileFormat": "Data are HDF5 formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12336, "startTime": "2023-06-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2023-08-31T23:55:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4588, "explanation": "Data are as given by the data provider, no quality control has been performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "Standard CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2024-07-31" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": { "ob_id": 11595, "uuid": "b9167436a36a4873afa634b5c31a6e9f", "short_code": "acq", "title": "Acquisition Process for: Met Office UK Rainfall Data from the NIMROD System", "abstract": "This acquisition is comprised of the following: INSTRUMENTS: NIMROD system; PLATFORMS: Dean Hill Radar Station, UK, Hameldon Hill Radar Station, UK, Cobbacombe Cross Radar Station, UK, Wardon Hill Radar Station, UK, Predannack Radar Station, UK, Clee Hill Radar Station, UK, Chenies Radar Station, UK, Jersey radar station, Channel Islands; " }, "procedureComputation": null, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 69 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2532, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ukmo_wx", "label": "restricted: ukmo_wx group", "licence": { "ob_id": 12, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/specific_licences/ukmo_agreement.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 4, "classification": "academic" } ] } }, { "ob_id": 2533, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ukmo_wx_gov", "label": "restricted: ukmo_wx_gov group", "licence": { "ob_id": 13, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/specific_licences/ukmo_agreement_gov.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 5, "classification": "policy" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 5736, "uuid": "ced06d1e5a8eacb69bf0029bf5f0e17a", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Met Office NIMROD Database", "abstract": "The Met Office run the NIMROD system as a short-term forcasting tool, primarily used for collating observational data such as rain radar data from across Europe" }, { "ob_id": 44236, "uuid": "1f4211c21993451b86453dd7c10d36de", "short_code": "proj", "title": "ParaChute", "abstract": "ParaChute is a four-year programme of work jointly funded between UKRI and the Met Office with the aim of significantly improving the representation of turbulence in km and sub-km scale models.\r\nIt is an £11m programme jointly led by the Met Office and UKRI and running over four years from February 2023. The Met Office is collaborating with researchers from the Universities of Exeter, Leeds, Reading, Manchester and Imperial College. \r\n\r\n5 projects have been funded under ParaChute:\r\n1) WesCon (Wessex Convection experiment) WOEST – (WesCon Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence)\r\n2) Hi-Fi (A novel turbulence closure for High-Fidelity Numerical Weather Prediction)\r\n3) UMBRELLA (UM Boundary Layer Representation with Land-Atmosphere Interactions)\r\n4) MORPH (Putting the Morph into CoMorph)\r\n5) CloudyTime (Convective Cloud Dynamics and Turbulence Interactions with Microphysical Processes and the Atmospheric Environment)" } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 75925, 75926, 75927, 75928, 75929, 75930, 75931, 75932, 75933, 75934, 75935, 75936, 75937 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 43875, "uuid": "36756ff1928f4a1684902b470cda774e", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST)", "abstract": "A collection of groundbased and airborne datasets gathered to capture turbulent processes in the atmosphere at a range of fine spatial and temporal scales for the Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST) project during summer 2023. This multi-instrument collection is used to evaluate simulations of turbulence and dynamics in convective clouds and how the structure and evolution of the boundary layer influences moist convective turbulence at a range of scales." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211183, 211184, 211185, 211186, 211187, 211188, 211189, 211192, 211191, 211193, 211194, 211199 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92846, 92847, 92848, 92849, 92850, 92851, 92852, 92853, 92854, 92855 ] }, { "ob_id": 44163, "uuid": "46e100691e974b91a8aeb8cb3a100648", "title": "SSP370-EAS126aer data produced by the NorESM2-LM model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the SSP370-EAS126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using NorESM2-LM. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with regional aerosol reductions over East Asia. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/. \r\n\r\nThe SSP370-EAS126aer coupled transient experiment runs from January 2015 to at least February 2051. Aerosol and precursor emissions (sulphur dioxide, black carbon and organic carbon) over East Asia are taken from SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use follow SSP3-7.0. East Asia is the region bounded by 95 and 133E and 20 and 53N. \r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nNorESM2-LM: The Norwegian Earth System Model version 2 (NorESM2) is the second generation of the coupled Earth system model (ESM) developed by the Norwegian Climate Center.\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51.269985", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-05T01:59:20", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Three coupled transient simulations were intiliased from the end of the three historical experiment performed for CMIP6, using emission files based on ScenarioMIP. For the remaining coupled transient simulations initial condition were generated by restarting the three historical simulations at 1950 with microperturbations and restarting from the end of these simulations. \r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050.\r\n \r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": true, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-04-28T14:40:54", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-08-13T14:46:46.654782", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4680, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44164, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/NCC/NorESM2-LM/ssp370-eas126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 1509000131531, "numberOfFiles": 6341, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12368, "startTime": "2015-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2059-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4653, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 44165, "uuid": "fa98b009af3949acb8602f3a2fcc30a8", "short_code": "comp", "title": "NorESM2-LM", "abstract": "The NorESM2-LM (low atmosphere-medium ocean resolution, GHG concentration driven) climate model, released in 2017, includes the following components: \r\naerosol: OsloAero, atmos: CAM-OSLO (2 degree resolution; 144 x 96; 32 levels; top level 3 mb), atmosChem: OsloChemSimp, land: CLM, landIce: CISM, ocean: MICOM (1 degree resolution; 360 x 384; 70 levels; top grid cell minimum 0-2.5 m [native model uses hybrid density and generic upper-layer coordinate interpolated to z-level for contributed data]), ocnBgchem: HAMOCC, seaIce: CICE. \r\n\r\nFor CMIP6, the model was run by the NorESM Climate modeling Consortium consisting of CICERO (Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo 0349), MET-Norway (Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo 0313), NERSC (Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Bergen 5006), NILU (Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller 2027), UiB (University of Bergen, Bergen 5007), UiO (University of Oslo, Oslo 0313) and UNI (Uni Research, Bergen 5008), Norway. Mailing address: NCC, c/o MET-Norway, Henrik Mohns plass 1, Oslo 0313, Norway (NCC) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 250 km, landIce: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km. For RAMIP, the model was run by Stockholm University on the Swedish supercomputer." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 6255, 7795, 9045, 19724, 27828, 27829, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50420, 50421, 50422, 50423, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50437, 50445, 50464, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50542, 50543, 50551, 50552, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50568, 50569, 50570, 50577, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50581, 50582, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50609, 50610, 50611, 50613, 50614, 50615, 50616, 52750, 52755, 54214, 54215, 54227, 54243, 54244, 54252, 54265, 54268, 54299, 54301, 54302, 54321, 54340, 54401, 54402, 54415, 54454, 54624, 54627, 54628, 54629, 54716, 54810, 54811, 54813, 54829, 59480, 59481, 59933, 60417, 60438, 60504, 62320, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71615, 71632, 71633, 71636, 71638, 71655, 71659, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71687, 71691, 71820, 79856, 79858, 79860, 79861, 79862, 79864, 79865, 80422, 82132, 82138, 82139, 82142, 82144, 82145, 82146, 82152, 82838, 83218, 83726, 83940, 84193, 84194 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13501 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44218, "uuid": "44100d99d120487284d7b778dbc76bdf", "short_code": "coll", "title": "NorESM2-LM output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using NorESM2-LM. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2059 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nThe Norwegian Earth System Model version 2 (NorESM2) is the second generation of the coupled Earth system model (ESM) developed by the Norwegian Climate Center." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211200, 211201, 211202, 211203, 211204, 211205, 211207, 211206 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92856, 92858, 92859 ] }, { "ob_id": 44166, "uuid": "2c9cab9c2de44052a003c4145be138ce", "title": "SSP370-SAS126aer data produced by the NorESM2-LM model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the SSP370-SAS126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using NorESM2-LM. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with regional aerosol reductions over East Asia. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/. \r\n\r\nThe SSP370-SAS126aer coupled transient experiment runs from January 2015 to at least February 2051. Aerosol and precursor emissions (sulphur dioxide, black carbon and organic carbon) over South Asia are taken from SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use follow SSP3-7.0. South Asia is the region bounded by 65 and 95E and 5 and 35N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nNorESM2-LM: The Norwegian Earth System Model version 2 (NorESM2) is the second generation of the coupled Earth system model (ESM) developed by the Norwegian Climate Center.\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51.269985", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-05T01:59:19", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Three coupled transient simulations were intiliased from the end of the three historical experiment performed for CMIP6, using emission files based on ScenarioMIP. For the remaining coupled transient simulations initial condition were generated by restarting the three historical simulations at 1950 with microperturbations and restarting from the end of these simulations. \r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050.\r\n \r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": true, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-04-28T14:39:27", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-08-13T14:47:25.979220", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4680, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44167, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/NCC/NorESM2-LM/ssp370-sas126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 1508841591678, "numberOfFiles": 6341, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12368, "startTime": "2015-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2059-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4653, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 44165, "uuid": "fa98b009af3949acb8602f3a2fcc30a8", "short_code": "comp", "title": "NorESM2-LM", "abstract": "The NorESM2-LM (low atmosphere-medium ocean resolution, GHG concentration driven) climate model, released in 2017, includes the following components: \r\naerosol: OsloAero, atmos: CAM-OSLO (2 degree resolution; 144 x 96; 32 levels; top level 3 mb), atmosChem: OsloChemSimp, land: CLM, landIce: CISM, ocean: MICOM (1 degree resolution; 360 x 384; 70 levels; top grid cell minimum 0-2.5 m [native model uses hybrid density and generic upper-layer coordinate interpolated to z-level for contributed data]), ocnBgchem: HAMOCC, seaIce: CICE. \r\n\r\nFor CMIP6, the model was run by the NorESM Climate modeling Consortium consisting of CICERO (Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo 0349), MET-Norway (Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo 0313), NERSC (Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Bergen 5006), NILU (Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller 2027), UiB (University of Bergen, Bergen 5007), UiO (University of Oslo, Oslo 0313) and UNI (Uni Research, Bergen 5008), Norway. 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It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2059 for the coupled transient simulations. 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For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/. \r\n\r\nThe SSP370-AFR126aer coupled transient experiment runs from January 2015 to at least February 2051. Aerosol and precursor emissions (sulphur dioxide, black carbon and organic carbon) over Africa and the Middle East are taken from SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use follow SSP3-7.0. Africa and the Middle East is the region bounded by 20W, 60E, 35S, and 35N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nNorESM2-LM: The Norwegian Earth System Model version 2 (NorESM2) is the second generation of the coupled Earth system model (ESM) developed by the Norwegian Climate Center.\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51.269985", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-05T01:59:21", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Three coupled transient simulations were intiliased from the end of the three historical experiment performed for CMIP6, using emission files based on ScenarioMIP. For the remaining coupled transient simulations initial condition were generated by restarting the three historical simulations at 1950 with microperturbations and restarting from the end of these simulations. \r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050.\r\n \r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": true, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-04-28T14:39:53", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-08-13T14:46:34.500794", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4680, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44169, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/NCC/NorESM2-LM/ssp370-afr126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 1525595511632, "numberOfFiles": 6341, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12368, "startTime": "2015-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2059-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4653, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 44165, "uuid": "fa98b009af3949acb8602f3a2fcc30a8", "short_code": "comp", "title": "NorESM2-LM", "abstract": "The NorESM2-LM (low atmosphere-medium ocean resolution, GHG concentration driven) climate model, released in 2017, includes the following components: \r\naerosol: OsloAero, atmos: CAM-OSLO (2 degree resolution; 144 x 96; 32 levels; top level 3 mb), atmosChem: OsloChemSimp, land: CLM, landIce: CISM, ocean: MICOM (1 degree resolution; 360 x 384; 70 levels; top grid cell minimum 0-2.5 m [native model uses hybrid density and generic upper-layer coordinate interpolated to z-level for contributed data]), ocnBgchem: HAMOCC, seaIce: CICE. \r\n\r\nFor CMIP6, the model was run by the NorESM Climate modeling Consortium consisting of CICERO (Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo 0349), MET-Norway (Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo 0313), NERSC (Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Bergen 5006), NILU (Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller 2027), UiB (University of Bergen, Bergen 5007), UiO (University of Oslo, Oslo 0313) and UNI (Uni Research, Bergen 5008), Norway. 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It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2059 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nThe Norwegian Earth System Model version 2 (NorESM2) is the second generation of the coupled Earth system model (ESM) developed by the Norwegian Climate Center." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211225, 211226, 211227, 211228, 211229, 211230, 211231, 211232 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92866, 92867, 92868 ] }, { "ob_id": 44172, "uuid": "91291f05bd0c4a9982158281e3b3bd68", "title": "SSP370-126aer data produced by the NorESM2-LM model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the SSP370-126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using NorESM2-LM. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with regional aerosol reductions over East Asia. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/. \r\n\r\nThe SSP370-126aer coupled transient experiment runs from January 2015 to at least February 2051. Global aerosol and precursor emissions (sulphur dioxide, black carbon and organic carbon) are taken from SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use follow SSP3-7.0.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nNorESM2-LM: The Norwegian Earth System Model version 2 (NorESM2) is the second generation of the coupled Earth system model (ESM) developed by the Norwegian Climate Center.\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51.269985", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-05T01:59:22", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Three coupled transient simulations were intiliased from the end of the three historical experiment performed for CMIP6, using emission files based on ScenarioMIP. For the remaining coupled transient simulations initial condition were generated by restarting the three historical simulations at 1950 with microperturbations and restarting from the end of these simulations. \r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050.\r\n \r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": true, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-04-28T14:42:06", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-08-13T14:39:23.713115", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4680, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44173, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/NCC/NorESM2-LM/ssp370-126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 1509770871945, "numberOfFiles": 6341, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12368, "startTime": "2015-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2059-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4653, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 44165, "uuid": "fa98b009af3949acb8602f3a2fcc30a8", "short_code": "comp", "title": "NorESM2-LM", "abstract": "The NorESM2-LM (low atmosphere-medium ocean resolution, GHG concentration driven) climate model, released in 2017, includes the following components: \r\naerosol: OsloAero, atmos: CAM-OSLO (2 degree resolution; 144 x 96; 32 levels; top level 3 mb), atmosChem: OsloChemSimp, land: CLM, landIce: CISM, ocean: MICOM (1 degree resolution; 360 x 384; 70 levels; top grid cell minimum 0-2.5 m [native model uses hybrid density and generic upper-layer coordinate interpolated to z-level for contributed data]), ocnBgchem: HAMOCC, seaIce: CICE. \r\n\r\nFor CMIP6, the model was run by the NorESM Climate modeling Consortium consisting of CICERO (Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo 0349), MET-Norway (Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo 0313), NERSC (Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Bergen 5006), NILU (Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller 2027), UiB (University of Bergen, Bergen 5007), UiO (University of Oslo, Oslo 0313) and UNI (Uni Research, Bergen 5008), Norway. Mailing address: NCC, c/o MET-Norway, Henrik Mohns plass 1, Oslo 0313, Norway (NCC) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 250 km, landIce: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km. 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Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 6255, 7795, 9045, 19724, 27828, 27829, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50421, 50422, 50423, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50437, 50445, 50464, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50509, 50542, 50543, 50551, 50552, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50568, 50569, 50570, 50577, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50581, 50582, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50609, 50610, 50611, 50613, 50614, 50615, 50616, 52750, 52755, 54214, 54215, 54227, 54243, 54244, 54252, 54265, 54268, 54299, 54301, 54302, 54321, 54340, 54401, 54402, 54415, 54454, 54624, 54627, 54628, 54629, 54633, 54716, 54810, 54811, 54813, 54829, 59480, 59481, 59933, 60417, 60438, 62320, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71615, 71632, 71633, 71636, 71638, 71655, 71659, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71687, 71691, 71820, 79856, 79857, 79858, 79859, 79861, 79862, 79864, 79865, 80422, 82132, 82138, 82139, 82142, 82144, 82152, 82838, 83218, 83726, 84192, 84193 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13498 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44218, "uuid": "44100d99d120487284d7b778dbc76bdf", "short_code": "coll", "title": "NorESM2-LM output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using NorESM2-LM. 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For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nThe Norwegian Earth System Model version 2 (NorESM2) is the second generation of the coupled Earth system model (ESM) developed by the Norwegian Climate Center." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211233, 211234, 211235, 211236, 211237, 211238, 211239, 211240 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92869, 92870, 92871 ] }, { "ob_id": 44174, "uuid": "b6d9b40cb1c3488d8a0e59e3e0124849", "title": "SSP370 data produced by the NorESM2-LM model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the SSP370 experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using NorESM2-LM. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/. \r\n\r\nThe ScenarioMIP SSP3-7.0 experiment includes moderate increases in greenhouse gas emissions, near constant global sulphur dioxide emissions, and small global increases in carbonaceous aerosol.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nNorESM2-LM: The Norwegian Earth System Model version 2 (NorESM2) is the second generation of the coupled Earth system model (ESM) developed by the Norwegian Climate Center.\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51.269985", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-05T01:59:22", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Three coupled transient simulations were intiliased from the end of the three historical experiment performed for CMIP6, using emission files based on ScenarioMIP. For the remaining coupled transient simulations initial condition were generated by restarting the three historical simulations at 1950 with microperturbations and restarting from the end of these simulations. \r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050.\r\n \r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": true, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-04-28T14:42:25", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-08-13T13:19:56", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4680, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44175, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/NCC/NorESM2-LM/ssp370", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 1368233011702, "numberOfFiles": 5526, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12368, "startTime": "2015-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2059-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4653, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 44165, "uuid": "fa98b009af3949acb8602f3a2fcc30a8", "short_code": "comp", "title": "NorESM2-LM", "abstract": "The NorESM2-LM (low atmosphere-medium ocean resolution, GHG concentration driven) climate model, released in 2017, includes the following components: \r\naerosol: OsloAero, atmos: CAM-OSLO (2 degree resolution; 144 x 96; 32 levels; top level 3 mb), atmosChem: OsloChemSimp, land: CLM, landIce: CISM, ocean: MICOM (1 degree resolution; 360 x 384; 70 levels; top grid cell minimum 0-2.5 m [native model uses hybrid density and generic upper-layer coordinate interpolated to z-level for contributed data]), ocnBgchem: HAMOCC, seaIce: CICE. \r\n\r\nFor CMIP6, the model was run by the NorESM Climate modeling Consortium consisting of CICERO (Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo 0349), MET-Norway (Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo 0313), NERSC (Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Bergen 5006), NILU (Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller 2027), UiB (University of Bergen, Bergen 5007), UiO (University of Oslo, Oslo 0313) and UNI (Uni Research, Bergen 5008), Norway. Mailing address: NCC, c/o MET-Norway, Henrik Mohns plass 1, Oslo 0313, Norway (NCC) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 250 km, landIce: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km. 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Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 6255, 7795, 9045, 19724, 27828, 27829, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50420, 50421, 50422, 50423, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50437, 50445, 50464, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50509, 50542, 50543, 50550, 50551, 50552, 50553, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50568, 50569, 50570, 50577, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50581, 50582, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50609, 50610, 50611, 50613, 50614, 50615, 50616, 52750, 52755, 53128, 53129, 54214, 54215, 54227, 54243, 54244, 54252, 54265, 54268, 54299, 54301, 54302, 54321, 54340, 54401, 54402, 54415, 54454, 54624, 54627, 54628, 54633, 54716, 54810, 54811, 54813, 54829, 59480, 59481, 59933, 60417, 60438, 62320, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71615, 71632, 71633, 71636, 71638, 71655, 71659, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71687, 71794, 71820, 79856, 79857, 79858, 79860, 79861, 79862, 79863, 79864, 79865, 80422, 82132, 82138, 82139, 82142, 82144, 82145, 82146, 83218, 83726, 83728, 84193, 84194 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13495 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44218, "uuid": "44100d99d120487284d7b778dbc76bdf", "short_code": "coll", "title": "NorESM2-LM output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using NorESM2-LM. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2059 for the coupled transient simulations. 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Such insights should lead to significant improvements within the sub-grid turbulence parametrisations that allow both km-scale global weather and climate simulations and sub-km-scale regional weather forecasts to more accurately predict the evolution and intensity of hazardous convective storms." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 53939, 53940, 58088, 65555, 66818, 69859, 74110, 75857, 75915, 75916, 75917, 75918, 75919, 75920, 75921, 75922, 75923, 75924 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13376 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 43875, "uuid": "36756ff1928f4a1684902b470cda774e", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST)", "abstract": "A collection of groundbased and airborne datasets gathered to capture turbulent processes in the atmosphere at a range of fine spatial and temporal scales for the Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST) project during summer 2023. This multi-instrument collection is used to evaluate simulations of turbulence and dynamics in convective clouds and how the structure and evolution of the boundary layer influences moist convective turbulence at a range of scales." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211293, 211294, 211295, 211296, 211297, 211298, 211299, 211300 ], "onlineresource_set": [] }, { "ob_id": 44197, "uuid": "681694fb98b042fb94eaed24f629923c", "title": "WOEST: Radiosonde profiles from the University of Reading Vaisala Sounding Station deployed from University of Reading Atmospheric Observatory, v1.1 (20230606-20230825)", "abstract": "Sonde profile measurements from the University of Reading Vaisala Sounding Station deployed from the University of Reading Atmospheric Observatory. These observations were taken as part of Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST) between 20230606 and 20230825.\r\n\r\nData products from this deployment include: sonde profile pressure, temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction.\r\n\r\nFor further details of this deployment and the associated dataset please see the internal file metadata.\r\n\r\nThese data conform to the National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS) data standards and are available under the UK Government Open Licence agreement. Acknowledgement of NCAS as the data provider is required whenever and wherever these data are used.", "creationDate": "2025-04-25T10:50:09.189949", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-04-25T10:50:09", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-05-09T01:57:33", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data were processed and prepared by the project team before delivery to the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "NCAS, observation measurements", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-08T08:35:18", "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4768, "bboxName": "WOEST Reading Radiosondes", "eastBoundLongitude": -0.003811, "westBoundLongitude": -1.2085, "southBoundLatitude": 51.266506, "northBoundLatitude": 51.991166 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44198, "dataPath": "/badc/woest/data/radiosondes/reading/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 22045230, "numberOfFiles": 118, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12355, "startTime": "2023-06-06T10:47:50", "endTime": "2023-08-25T15:40:16" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4568, "explanation": "These data have been produced in accordance to standard NCAS observational practices. This includes instrument calibration and compliance checking of data against the NCAS Data Standards.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "NCAS Standard Data Quality Statement", "date": "2024-06-07" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": { "ob_id": 44196, "uuid": "375017dcc2e24ebdb0676d23fb1b9d51", "short_code": "acq", "title": "WOEST: MetOffice: Vaisala Radiosonde instrument deployed at Reading University", "abstract": "Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST): WOEST: MetOffice: Vaisala Radiosonde instrument deployed at Reading University" }, "procedureComputation": null, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 223 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43720, "uuid": "d3685300168848f290dd3a9ec14cc8ac", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Wessex Convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST)", "abstract": "This project, WesCon - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST), complements the Met Office's Wessex Convection Experiment (WesCon) project by enabling frequent observations of the same turbulent structures at high resolution. In terms of moist convective turbulence, WOEST will radically advance observations of cloud dynamics by tracking precipitating cores of convective clouds and the turbulent regions embedded within them in real-time using four dual-polarisation Doppler radars. The radar scans will also be coordinated with the FAAM aircraft location to enable coincident observations. In terms of boundary-layer turbulence and variability, their evolution will be captured uniquely by multiple UAS, which will be coordinated to capture hourly profiles of temperature, humidity, and winds to study the small-scale variability in the lowest 2km of the atmosphere. Additionally, an array of cloud cameras will be used to reconstruct the 3D motion and evolution of boundary-layer clouds, to be related to the turbulent and dynamic evolution of the boundary layer as measured by remote sensing instruments such as lidar (to measure cloud bases and humidity profiles) and wind profilers.\r\n\r\nThe observations gathered in WOEST will capture turbulent processes in the atmosphere at a range of fine spatial and temporal scales. Our multi-instrument approach will enable us to evaluate simulations of turbulence and dynamics in convective clouds and how the structure and evolution of the boundary layer influence moist convective turbulence at a range of scales, including at the process-level relating turbulence to the strength and size of updrafts. This will lead to a new understanding of the variability and evolution of the boundary layer in the context of the surrounding cloud field and the variability of turbulence and cloud dynamics. Such insights should lead to significant improvements within the sub-grid turbulence parametrisations that allow both km-scale global weather and climate simulations and sub-km-scale regional weather forecasts to more accurately predict the evolution and intensity of hazardous convective storms." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 53939, 53940, 58088, 65555, 66818, 69859, 74110, 75857, 75915, 75916, 75917, 75918, 75919, 75920, 75921, 75922, 75923, 75924 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13375 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 43875, "uuid": "36756ff1928f4a1684902b470cda774e", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST)", "abstract": "A collection of groundbased and airborne datasets gathered to capture turbulent processes in the atmosphere at a range of fine spatial and temporal scales for the Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST) project during summer 2023. This multi-instrument collection is used to evaluate simulations of turbulence and dynamics in convective clouds and how the structure and evolution of the boundary layer influences moist convective turbulence at a range of scales." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211312, 211305, 211306, 211307, 211308, 211309, 211310, 211311 ], "onlineresource_set": [] }, { "ob_id": 44199, "uuid": "69a1a9e374e245e08bd56f82bf5d566e", "title": "WOEST: aerosol backscatter from the NCAS Lidar Ceilometer unit 1 deployed at MOD Lyneham, v1.0 (20230523-20230911)", "abstract": "Aerosol backscatter measurements from the National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS) Lidar Ceilometer unit 1 deployed at MOD Lyneham. These observations were taken as part of the Wessex convection (WesCon) experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST) between 20230523 and 20230911.\r\n\r\nData products from this deployment include: aerosol-backscatter\r\n\r\nFor further details of this deployment and the associated dataset please see the internal file metadata.\r\n\r\nThese data conform to the NCAS data standards and are available under the UK Government Open Licence agreement. Acknowledgement of NCAS as the data provider is required whenever and wherever these data are used.", "creationDate": "2025-04-25T15:46:55.713383", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-04-25T15:46:55", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-05-17T01:58:04", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data were processed and prepared by the project team before delivery to the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "NCAS, observation measurements", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-16T13:03:38", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-05-16T13:05:44.561499", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4159, "bboxName": "Lyneham", "eastBoundLongitude": -1.9841, "westBoundLongitude": -2.00541667, "southBoundLatitude": 51.50323, "northBoundLatitude": 51.50883333 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44200, "dataPath": "/badc/ncas-mobile/data/ncas-ceilometer-1/20230523_woest/v1.0/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 14660224956, "numberOfFiles": 199, "fileFormat": "Data are netCDF formatted." }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12356, "startTime": "2023-05-23T13:21:24", "endTime": "2023-09-11T15:00:27" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4568, "explanation": "These data have been produced in accordance to standard NCAS observational practices. This includes instrument calibration and compliance checking of data against the NCAS Data Standards.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "NCAS Standard Data Quality Statement", "date": "2024-06-07" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": { "ob_id": 44201, "uuid": "32e53ae2ba4244e89cc96e242ce18099", "short_code": "acq", "title": "Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST): NCAS Lidar Ceilometer unit 1 instrument instrument deployed at MOD Lyneham", "abstract": "Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST): NCAS Lidar Ceilometer unit 1 instrument instrument deployed at MOD Lyneham." }, "procedureComputation": null, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 223 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43720, "uuid": "d3685300168848f290dd3a9ec14cc8ac", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Wessex Convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST)", "abstract": "This project, WesCon - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST), complements the Met Office's Wessex Convection Experiment (WesCon) project by enabling frequent observations of the same turbulent structures at high resolution. In terms of moist convective turbulence, WOEST will radically advance observations of cloud dynamics by tracking precipitating cores of convective clouds and the turbulent regions embedded within them in real-time using four dual-polarisation Doppler radars. The radar scans will also be coordinated with the FAAM aircraft location to enable coincident observations. In terms of boundary-layer turbulence and variability, their evolution will be captured uniquely by multiple UAS, which will be coordinated to capture hourly profiles of temperature, humidity, and winds to study the small-scale variability in the lowest 2km of the atmosphere. Additionally, an array of cloud cameras will be used to reconstruct the 3D motion and evolution of boundary-layer clouds, to be related to the turbulent and dynamic evolution of the boundary layer as measured by remote sensing instruments such as lidar (to measure cloud bases and humidity profiles) and wind profilers.\r\n\r\nThe observations gathered in WOEST will capture turbulent processes in the atmosphere at a range of fine spatial and temporal scales. Our multi-instrument approach will enable us to evaluate simulations of turbulence and dynamics in convective clouds and how the structure and evolution of the boundary layer influence moist convective turbulence at a range of scales, including at the process-level relating turbulence to the strength and size of updrafts. This will lead to a new understanding of the variability and evolution of the boundary layer in the context of the surrounding cloud field and the variability of turbulence and cloud dynamics. Such insights should lead to significant improvements within the sub-grid turbulence parametrisations that allow both km-scale global weather and climate simulations and sub-km-scale regional weather forecasts to more accurately predict the evolution and intensity of hazardous convective storms." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 53936, 53937, 53938, 53939, 53940, 53941, 53942, 53943, 53944, 58079, 58081, 74110, 84110, 84111, 84112, 84113, 84114, 84115, 84116, 84117, 84118, 84119, 84120, 84121 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13387 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 43875, "uuid": "36756ff1928f4a1684902b470cda774e", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST)", "abstract": "A collection of groundbased and airborne datasets gathered to capture turbulent processes in the atmosphere at a range of fine spatial and temporal scales for the Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST) project during summer 2023. This multi-instrument collection is used to evaluate simulations of turbulence and dynamics in convective clouds and how the structure and evolution of the boundary layer influences moist convective turbulence at a range of scales." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211319, 211320, 211313, 211314, 211315, 211316, 211317, 211318 ], "onlineresource_set": [] }, { "ob_id": 44203, "uuid": "a6488cbe43ec470db2ff5bad64f84cb6", "title": "HadUK-Grid Gridded Climate Observations on a 5km grid over the UK, v1.3.1.ceda (1836-2024)", "abstract": "HadUK-Grid is a collection of gridded climate variables derived from the network of UK land surface observations. The data have been interpolated from meteorological station data onto a uniform grid to provide complete and consistent coverage across the UK. The dataset at 5 km resolution is derived from the associated 1 km x 1 km resolution to allow for comparison to data from UKCP18 climate projections. The dataset spans the period from 1836 to 2024, but the start time is dependent on climate variable and temporal resolution.\r\n\r\nThe gridded data are produced for daily, monthly, seasonal and annual timescales, as well as long term averages for a set of climatological reference periods. Variables include air temperature (maximum, minimum and mean), precipitation, sunshine, mean sea level pressure, wind speed, relative humidity, vapour pressure, days of snow lying, and days of ground frost.\r\n\r\nThis data set supersedes the previous versions of this dataset which also superseded UKCP09 gridded observations. Subsequent versions may be released in due course and will follow the version numbering as outlined by Hollis et al. (2019, see linked documentation).\r\n\r\nThe changes for v1.3.1.ceda HadUK-Grid datasets are as follows:\r\n \r\nChanges to the dataset\r\n* Added data for calendar year 2024\r\n* Extended the daily temperature grids back to 1931\r\n\r\nChanges to the input data\r\n* Incorporated additional daily rainfall data for 60 sites in Scotland, 1922-45\r\n* Incorporated additional monthly rainfall data for two sites - Westonbirt (1880-1951) & Ackworth School (1852-53)\r\n* Fixed a 1-day offset for sunshine duration values for six stations between 1971 and 1993\r\n* Corrected the daily rainfall data for Macclesfield, 1958-60 (the values had been stored in the wrong units)\r\n* Improved the quality control of the most recent three months of rainfall data (Oct-Dec 2024)\r\n* Removed Corpach from the wind speed grids (the station is poorly modelled - this only affects 14 months)\r\n* Reviewed the quality control flags that had been applied automatically to historical air and grass minimum temperature data. In many cases it was possible to remove the flags and this has allowed us to incorporate additional data into the grids for 1961-1997 for these variables.\r\n* Improved the business logic relating to data completeness. This affects monthly wind speed and has allowed us to re-introduce some of the data that were excluded in the previous release.\r\n\r\n* Net changes to the input station data:\r\n - Total of 131314637 observations\r\n - 126821432 (96.6%) unchanged \r\n - 105327 (0.08%) modified for this version\r\n - 4387878 (3.34%) added in this version\r\n - 44224 (0.03%) deleted from this version\r\n \r\nThe primary purpose of these data are to facilitate monitoring of UK climate and research into climate change, impacts and adaptation. The datasets have been created by the Met Office with financial support from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) in order to support the Public Weather Service Customer Group (PWSCG), the Hadley Centre Climate Programme, and the UK Climate Projections (UKCP18) project. The output from a number of data recovery activities relating to 19th and early 20th Century data have been used in the creation of this dataset, these activities were supported by: the Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme; the Natural Environment Research Council project \"Analysis of historic drought and water scarcity in the UK\"; the UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) Strategic Priorities Fund UK Climate Resilience programme; The UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Public Engagement programme; the National Centre for Atmospheric Science; National Centre for Atmospheric Science and the NERC GloSAT project; and the contribution of many thousands of public volunteers. The dataset is provided under Open Government Licence.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-07-02T01:55:37", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data provided by the UK Met Office for archiving in the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) archives.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "Met Office, UKCP18, BEIS, Defra, land surface, climate observations, hadobs", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-07-01T14:38:50", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-07-01T15:11:13", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 2305, "bboxName": "HadUK-Grid area", "eastBoundLongitude": 4.59, "westBoundLongitude": -12.61, "southBoundLatitude": 48.83, "northBoundLatitude": 60.57 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44303, "dataPath": "/badc/ukmo-hadobs/data/insitu/MOHC/HadOBS/HadUK-Grid/v1.3.1.ceda/5km/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 17188021410, "numberOfFiles": 7270, "fileFormat": "Data are NetCDF formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12358, "startTime": "1836-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2024-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 3946, "explanation": "Data quality control details for the HadUK-Grid version 1.0 datasets is available in section 2.2. of Hollis et al. (2019). See linked documentation for further details.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "HadUK-Grid v1.1 Data Quality Statement", "date": "2022-05-13" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 26870, "uuid": "b1b352825f5548a8bf0639afe335f5ae", "short_code": "comp", "title": "HadUK-Grid gridded climate observations methodology", "abstract": "The gridded data sets are based on the archive of UK weather observations held at the Met Office. The density of the station network used varies through time, and for different climate variables - for example, for the temperature variables the number of stations rises from about 270 in 1910s to 600 in the mid-1990s, before falling to 450 in 2006. Regression and interpolation are used to generate values on a regular grid from the irregular station network, taking into account factors such as latitude and longitude, altitude and terrain shape, coastal influence, and urban land use. This alleviates the impact of station openings and closures on homogeneity, but the impacts of a changing station network cannot be removed entirely, especially in areas of complex topography or sparse station coverage.\r\n\r\nThe methods used to generate the grids are described in more detail in a paper published by Hollis et al. (2019) https://doi.org/10.1002/gdj3.78 (see linked documentation on this record).\r\n\r\nTo help users combine the observational data sets with the UKCP18 climate projections, the 1km x 1km grid is averaged to grids at resolutions to match those of the climate projections. Each 5 x 5 km, 12 x 12 km, 25 x 25 km or 60 x 60 km grid box value is an average of the all the 1 × 1 km grid cell values that fall within it. A set of regional values for UK administrative regions, river basins and countries are calculated as the average of all 1 × 1 km grid cell values that fall within the defined geography." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 69 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 13164, "uuid": "ce252c81a7bd4717834055e31716b265", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre - Observations and Climate", "abstract": "The Met Office Hadley Centre is one of the UK's foremost climate change research centres.\r\n\r\nThe Hadley Centre produces world-class guidance on the science of climate change and provide a focus in the UK for the scientific issues associated with climate science.\r\n\r\nLargely co-funded by Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) and Defra (the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), the centre provides in-depth information to, and advise, the Government on climate science issues.\r\n\r\nAs one of the world's leading centres for climate science research, the Hadley Centre scientists make significant contributions to peer-reviewed literature and to a variety of climate science reports, including the Assessment Report of the IPCC. The Hadley Centre climate projections were the basis for the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6023, 11484, 11485, 11486, 50516, 50517, 51186, 51187, 51188, 51189, 51193, 51195, 51196, 51197, 51200, 54990, 54991, 54992, 54994, 54997, 62352, 62353, 62354, 62355, 62356, 64067 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13440 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 26862, "uuid": "4dc8450d889a491ebb20e724debe2dfb", "short_code": "coll", "title": "HadUK-Grid gridded and regional average climate observations for the UK", "abstract": "This Dataset Collection contains a number of different versions of the HadUK-Grid dataset, each of which present a set of gridded climate variables extending from the present back to the 19th Century. The primary purpose of these data are to facilitate monitoring of the UK climate and research into climate variability, climate change, impacts and adaptation. The Met Office uses these data for operational monitoring of the UK's climate.\r\n\r\nThe data have been interpolated from meteorological station data onto a uniform grid at 1km by 1km resolution to provide complete and consistent coverage across the UK. The 1km data set has been regridded to different resolutions and regional averages to create a collection allowing for comparison to data from UKCP18 climate projections.\r\n\r\nA new version of HadUK-Grid is released each year. The latest version is v1.3.1.ceda, released in June 2025 and containing data up to the end of 2024. A summary of previous releases can be found below. Provisional data for more recent months can be found on the Met Office web site https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadukgrid/.\r\n\r\nEach version comprises eight Datasets - gridded data at 1, 5, 12, 25 and 60 km resolution, plus three sets of area averages (UK countries, admin regions and river basins).\r\n\r\nThe earliest year of data varies by variable and has changed as more data are digitised. Currently the start years are:\r\n1836 (monthly rainfall)\r\n1884 (monthly max/mean/min air temperature)\r\n1891 (daily rainfall)\r\n1910 (monthly sunshine)\r\n1931 (daily max/min air temperature)\r\n1961 (monthly days of ground frost, relative humidity, mean sea level pressure and vapour pressure)\r\n1969 (monthly mean wind speed)\r\n1971 (monthly days of lying snow)\r\n\r\nThe grids are provided at daily (max/min air temperature and rainfall only), monthly, seasonal and annual timescales, as well as long term averages for a set of climatological reference periods.\r\n\r\nThe latest release has been created by the Met Office funded by the UK Department for Science, Innovation and Technology (DSIT).\r\n\r\nPrevious versions were created by the Met Office with financial support from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) in order to support the Public Weather Service Customer Group (PWSCG), the Hadley Centre Climate Programme, and the UK Climate Projections (UKCP18) project.\r\n\r\nFor all versions, the data recovery activity to supplement 19th and early 20th Century data availability has also been funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC grant ref: NE/L01016X/1) project \"Analysis of historic drought and water scarcity in the UK\".\r\n\r\nThe data are provided under Open Government Licence v3 (see each dataset for links to licence and associated citations to use).\r\n\r\nList of dataset versions (latest first) and key differences (each release also extends the dataset by one year):\r\n\r\nv1.3.1.ceda (1836-2024) - Daily temperature extended back to 1931 (from 1960). Historical data recovery has improved daily rainfall over Scotland for 1922-1945.\r\nv1.3.0.ceda (1836-2023) - Historical data recovery has improved daily rainfall over Scotland for 1945-1960.\r\nv1.2.0.ceda (1836-2022) - Monthly sunshine extended back to 1910 (from 1919). Incorporation of Rainfall Rescue v2.\r\nv1.1.0.0 (1836-2021) - Addition of climate averages for 1991-2020. Rainfall Rescue v1 dataset incorporated into the monthly rainfall grids which are extended back to 1836 (from 1862).\r\nv1.0.3.0 (1862-2020)\r\nv1.0.2.1 (1862-2019) - Monthly sunshine extended back to 1919 (from 1929). Historical data recovery has also improved monthly rainfall 1862-1910, daily rainfall 1891-1910 and monthly temperature 1900-1909. Correction to the grid definition for 12 km grid product to match the UKCP18 climate model products.\r\nv1.0.1.0 (1862-2018) - Addition of 5km data.\r\nv1.0.0.0 (1862-2017) - Initial release.\r\n\r\nSee the change log file for each version for further details.\r\n\r\nNote: The introduction of the '.ceda' suffix was done to highlight that CEDA is the source of these data files compared to other potential sources (e.g. the UKCP User Interface https://ukclimateprojections-ui.metoffice.gov.uk/ui/home) The data values are the same - it is the way the data are packaged that may differ between sources.\r\n\r\nEach version following the initial release is accompanied by change log files. These list new files in the version compared with the previous version plus summary totals of the number of files that remained the same, modified and removed. Links to these change logs are available in the 'Details/Docs' section of each dataset. Additionally, a summary change log file is provided which gives an overview of all changes to the data sources and processing methods since the initial release. This summary can be found in the 'Details/Docs' section below or via the individual datasets.\r\n\r\nThis collection supersedes the UKCP09 Dataset Collection and contains all datasets within the major version 1 release (i.e. v1.#.#.#). See Hollis et al. (2019; linked documentation) for details on the version numbering utilised." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211326, 211327, 211328, 211329, 211330, 211331, 211332, 211333, 211334, 211336, 211335, 211337, 211338, 211339, 211340 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92882, 92883, 92885, 92886, 92884 ] }, { "ob_id": 44204, "uuid": "3b010220fe184e209462a01efd00d207", "title": "HadUK-Grid Gridded Climate Observations on a 60km grid over the UK, v1.3.1.ceda (1836-2024)", "abstract": "HadUK-Grid is a collection of gridded climate variables derived from the network of UK land surface observations. The data have been interpolated from meteorological station data onto a uniform grid to provide complete and consistent coverage across the UK. The dataset at 60 km resolution is derived from the associated 1 km x 1 km resolution to allow for comparison to data from UKCP18 climate projections. The dataset spans the period from 1836 to 2024, but the start time is dependent on climate variable and temporal resolution.\r\n\r\nThe gridded data are produced for daily, monthly, seasonal and annual timescales, as well as long term averages for a set of climatological reference periods. Variables include air temperature (maximum, minimum and mean), precipitation, sunshine, mean sea level pressure, wind speed, relative humidity, vapour pressure, days of snow lying, and days of ground frost.\r\n\r\nThis data set supersedes the previous versions of this dataset which also superseded UKCP09 gridded observations. Subsequent versions may be released in due course and will follow the version numbering as outlined by Hollis et al. (2019, see linked documentation).\r\n\r\nThe changes for v1.3.1.ceda HadUK-Grid datasets are as follows:\r\n \r\nChanges to the dataset\r\n* Added data for calendar year 2024\r\n* Extended the daily temperature grids back to 1931\r\n\r\nChanges to the input data\r\n* Incorporated additional daily rainfall data for 60 sites in Scotland, 1922-45\r\n* Incorporated additional monthly rainfall data for two sites - Westonbirt (1880-1951) & Ackworth School (1852-53)\r\n* Fixed a 1-day offset for sunshine duration values for six stations between 1971 and 1993\r\n* Corrected the daily rainfall data for Macclesfield, 1958-60 (the values had been stored in the wrong units)\r\n* Improved the quality control of the most recent three months of rainfall data (Oct-Dec 2024)\r\n* Removed Corpach from the wind speed grids (the station is poorly modelled - this only affects 14 months)\r\n* Reviewed the quality control flags that had been applied automatically to historical air and grass minimum temperature data. In many cases it was possible to remove the flags and this has allowed us to incorporate additional data into the grids for 1961-1997 for these variables.\r\n* Improved the business logic relating to data completeness. This affects monthly wind speed and has allowed us to re-introduce some of the data that were excluded in the previous release.\r\n\r\n* Net changes to the input station data:\r\n - Total of 131314637 observations\r\n - 126821432 (96.6%) unchanged \r\n - 105327 (0.08%) modified for this version\r\n - 4387878 (3.34%) added in this version\r\n - 44224 (0.03%) deleted from this version\r\n\r\nThe primary purpose of these data are to facilitate monitoring of UK climate and research into climate change, impacts and adaptation. The datasets have been created by the Met Office with financial support from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) in order to support the Public Weather Service Customer Group (PWSCG), the Hadley Centre Climate Programme, and the UK Climate Projections (UKCP18) project. The output from a number of data recovery activities relating to 19th and early 20th Century data have been used in the creation of this dataset, these activities were supported by: the Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme; the Natural Environment Research Council project \"Analysis of historic drought and water scarcity in the UK\"; the UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) Strategic Priorities Fund UK Climate Resilience programme; The UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Public Engagement programme; the National Centre for Atmospheric Science; National Centre for Atmospheric Science and the NERC GloSAT project; and the contribution of many thousands of public volunteers. The dataset is provided under Open Government Licence.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-27T01:59:02", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data provided by the UK Met Office for archiving in the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) archives.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "Met Office, UKCP18, BEIS, Defra, land surface, climate observations, hadobs", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-26T15:21:12", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-06-26T15:21:26", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 2305, "bboxName": "HadUK-Grid area", "eastBoundLongitude": 4.59, "westBoundLongitude": -12.61, "southBoundLatitude": 48.83, "northBoundLatitude": 60.57 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44304, "dataPath": "/badc/ukmo-hadobs/data/insitu/MOHC/HadOBS/HadUK-Grid/v1.3.1.ceda/60km/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 383017925, "numberOfFiles": 7270, "fileFormat": "Data are NetCDF formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12359, "startTime": "1836-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2024-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 3946, "explanation": "Data quality control details for the HadUK-Grid version 1.0 datasets is available in section 2.2. of Hollis et al. (2019). See linked documentation for further details.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "HadUK-Grid v1.1 Data Quality Statement", "date": "2022-05-13" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 26870, "uuid": "b1b352825f5548a8bf0639afe335f5ae", "short_code": "comp", "title": "HadUK-Grid gridded climate observations methodology", "abstract": "The gridded data sets are based on the archive of UK weather observations held at the Met Office. The density of the station network used varies through time, and for different climate variables - for example, for the temperature variables the number of stations rises from about 270 in 1910s to 600 in the mid-1990s, before falling to 450 in 2006. Regression and interpolation are used to generate values on a regular grid from the irregular station network, taking into account factors such as latitude and longitude, altitude and terrain shape, coastal influence, and urban land use. This alleviates the impact of station openings and closures on homogeneity, but the impacts of a changing station network cannot be removed entirely, especially in areas of complex topography or sparse station coverage.\r\n\r\nThe methods used to generate the grids are described in more detail in a paper published by Hollis et al. (2019) https://doi.org/10.1002/gdj3.78 (see linked documentation on this record).\r\n\r\nTo help users combine the observational data sets with the UKCP18 climate projections, the 1km x 1km grid is averaged to grids at resolutions to match those of the climate projections. Each 5 x 5 km, 12 x 12 km, 25 x 25 km or 60 x 60 km grid box value is an average of the all the 1 × 1 km grid cell values that fall within it. A set of regional values for UK administrative regions, river basins and countries are calculated as the average of all 1 × 1 km grid cell values that fall within the defined geography." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 69 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 13164, "uuid": "ce252c81a7bd4717834055e31716b265", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre - Observations and Climate", "abstract": "The Met Office Hadley Centre is one of the UK's foremost climate change research centres.\r\n\r\nThe Hadley Centre produces world-class guidance on the science of climate change and provide a focus in the UK for the scientific issues associated with climate science.\r\n\r\nLargely co-funded by Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) and Defra (the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), the centre provides in-depth information to, and advise, the Government on climate science issues.\r\n\r\nAs one of the world's leading centres for climate science research, the Hadley Centre scientists make significant contributions to peer-reviewed literature and to a variety of climate science reports, including the Assessment Report of the IPCC. The Hadley Centre climate projections were the basis for the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6023, 11484, 11485, 11486, 50516, 50517, 51186, 51187, 51188, 51189, 51193, 51195, 51196, 51197, 51200, 54990, 54991, 54992, 54994, 54997, 62352, 62353, 62354, 62355, 62356, 64067 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13442 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 26862, "uuid": "4dc8450d889a491ebb20e724debe2dfb", "short_code": "coll", "title": "HadUK-Grid gridded and regional average climate observations for the UK", "abstract": "This Dataset Collection contains a number of different versions of the HadUK-Grid dataset, each of which present a set of gridded climate variables extending from the present back to the 19th Century. The primary purpose of these data are to facilitate monitoring of the UK climate and research into climate variability, climate change, impacts and adaptation. The Met Office uses these data for operational monitoring of the UK's climate.\r\n\r\nThe data have been interpolated from meteorological station data onto a uniform grid at 1km by 1km resolution to provide complete and consistent coverage across the UK. The 1km data set has been regridded to different resolutions and regional averages to create a collection allowing for comparison to data from UKCP18 climate projections.\r\n\r\nA new version of HadUK-Grid is released each year. The latest version is v1.3.1.ceda, released in June 2025 and containing data up to the end of 2024. A summary of previous releases can be found below. Provisional data for more recent months can be found on the Met Office web site https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadukgrid/.\r\n\r\nEach version comprises eight Datasets - gridded data at 1, 5, 12, 25 and 60 km resolution, plus three sets of area averages (UK countries, admin regions and river basins).\r\n\r\nThe earliest year of data varies by variable and has changed as more data are digitised. Currently the start years are:\r\n1836 (monthly rainfall)\r\n1884 (monthly max/mean/min air temperature)\r\n1891 (daily rainfall)\r\n1910 (monthly sunshine)\r\n1931 (daily max/min air temperature)\r\n1961 (monthly days of ground frost, relative humidity, mean sea level pressure and vapour pressure)\r\n1969 (monthly mean wind speed)\r\n1971 (monthly days of lying snow)\r\n\r\nThe grids are provided at daily (max/min air temperature and rainfall only), monthly, seasonal and annual timescales, as well as long term averages for a set of climatological reference periods.\r\n\r\nThe latest release has been created by the Met Office funded by the UK Department for Science, Innovation and Technology (DSIT).\r\n\r\nPrevious versions were created by the Met Office with financial support from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) in order to support the Public Weather Service Customer Group (PWSCG), the Hadley Centre Climate Programme, and the UK Climate Projections (UKCP18) project.\r\n\r\nFor all versions, the data recovery activity to supplement 19th and early 20th Century data availability has also been funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC grant ref: NE/L01016X/1) project \"Analysis of historic drought and water scarcity in the UK\".\r\n\r\nThe data are provided under Open Government Licence v3 (see each dataset for links to licence and associated citations to use).\r\n\r\nList of dataset versions (latest first) and key differences (each release also extends the dataset by one year):\r\n\r\nv1.3.1.ceda (1836-2024) - Daily temperature extended back to 1931 (from 1960). Historical data recovery has improved daily rainfall over Scotland for 1922-1945.\r\nv1.3.0.ceda (1836-2023) - Historical data recovery has improved daily rainfall over Scotland for 1945-1960.\r\nv1.2.0.ceda (1836-2022) - Monthly sunshine extended back to 1910 (from 1919). Incorporation of Rainfall Rescue v2.\r\nv1.1.0.0 (1836-2021) - Addition of climate averages for 1991-2020. Rainfall Rescue v1 dataset incorporated into the monthly rainfall grids which are extended back to 1836 (from 1862).\r\nv1.0.3.0 (1862-2020)\r\nv1.0.2.1 (1862-2019) - Monthly sunshine extended back to 1919 (from 1929). Historical data recovery has also improved monthly rainfall 1862-1910, daily rainfall 1891-1910 and monthly temperature 1900-1909. Correction to the grid definition for 12 km grid product to match the UKCP18 climate model products.\r\nv1.0.1.0 (1862-2018) - Addition of 5km data.\r\nv1.0.0.0 (1862-2017) - Initial release.\r\n\r\nSee the change log file for each version for further details.\r\n\r\nNote: The introduction of the '.ceda' suffix was done to highlight that CEDA is the source of these data files compared to other potential sources (e.g. the UKCP User Interface https://ukclimateprojections-ui.metoffice.gov.uk/ui/home) The data values are the same - it is the way the data are packaged that may differ between sources.\r\n\r\nEach version following the initial release is accompanied by change log files. These list new files in the version compared with the previous version plus summary totals of the number of files that remained the same, modified and removed. Links to these change logs are available in the 'Details/Docs' section of each dataset. Additionally, a summary change log file is provided which gives an overview of all changes to the data sources and processing methods since the initial release. This summary can be found in the 'Details/Docs' section below or via the individual datasets.\r\n\r\nThis collection supersedes the UKCP09 Dataset Collection and contains all datasets within the major version 1 release (i.e. v1.#.#.#). See Hollis et al. (2019; linked documentation) for details on the version numbering utilised." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211341, 211342, 211343, 211344, 211345, 211346, 211347, 211348, 211350, 211349, 211351, 211352, 211353, 211354 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92887, 92888, 92889, 92890, 92891 ] }, { "ob_id": 44205, "uuid": "45d40c035f9a48b997821b6b92194b75", "title": "HadUK-Grid Gridded Climate Observations on a 25km grid over the UK, v1.3.1.ceda (1836-2024)", "abstract": "HadUK-Grid is a collection of gridded climate variables derived from the network of UK land surface observations. The data have been interpolated from meteorological station data onto a uniform grid to provide complete and consistent coverage across the UK. The dataset at 25 km resolution is derived from the associated 1 km x 1 km resolution to allow for comparison to data from UKCP18 climate projections. The dataset spans the period from 1836 to 2024, but the start time is dependent on climate variable and temporal resolution.\r\n\r\nThe gridded data are produced for daily, monthly, seasonal and annual timescales, as well as long term averages for a set of climatological reference periods. Variables include air temperature (maximum, minimum and mean), precipitation, sunshine, mean sea level pressure, wind speed, relative humidity, vapour pressure, days of snow lying, and days of ground frost.\r\n\r\nThis data set supersedes the previous versions of this dataset which also superseded UKCP09 gridded observations. Subsequent versions may be released in due course and will follow the version numbering as outlined by Hollis et al. (2019, see linked documentation).\r\n\r\nThe changes for v1.3.1.ceda HadUK-Grid datasets are as follows:\r\n \r\nChanges to the dataset\r\n* Added data for calendar year 2024\r\n* Extended the daily temperature grids back to 1931\r\n\r\nChanges to the input data\r\n* Incorporated additional daily rainfall data for 60 sites in Scotland, 1922-45\r\n* Incorporated additional monthly rainfall data for two sites - Westonbirt (1880-1951) & Ackworth School (1852-53)\r\n* Fixed a 1-day offset for sunshine duration values for six stations between 1971 and 1993\r\n* Corrected the daily rainfall data for Macclesfield, 1958-60 (the values had been stored in the wrong units)\r\n* Improved the quality control of the most recent three months of rainfall data (Oct-Dec 2024)\r\n* Removed Corpach from the wind speed grids (the station is poorly modelled - this only affects 14 months)\r\n* Reviewed the quality control flags that had been applied automatically to historical air and grass minimum temperature data. In many cases it was possible to remove the flags and this has allowed us to incorporate additional data into the grids for 1961-1997 for these variables.\r\n* Improved the business logic relating to data completeness. This affects monthly wind speed and has allowed us to re-introduce some of the data that were excluded in the previous release.\r\n\r\n* Net changes to the input station data:\r\n - Total of 131314637 observations\r\n - 126821432 (96.6%) unchanged \r\n - 105327 (0.08%) modified for this version\r\n - 4387878 (3.34%) added in this version\r\n - 44224 (0.03%) deleted from this version\r\n \r\nThe primary purpose of these data are to facilitate monitoring of UK climate and research into climate change, impacts and adaptation. The datasets have been created by the Met Office with financial support from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) in order to support the Public Weather Service Customer Group (PWSCG), the Hadley Centre Climate Programme, and the UK Climate Projections (UKCP18) project. The output from a number of data recovery activities relating to 19th and early 20th Century data have been used in the creation of this dataset, these activities were supported by: the Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme; the Natural Environment Research Council project \"Analysis of historic drought and water scarcity in the UK\"; the UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) Strategic Priorities Fund UK Climate Resilience programme; The UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Public Engagement programme; the National Centre for Atmospheric Science; National Centre for Atmospheric Science and the NERC GloSAT project; and the contribution of many thousands of public volunteers. The dataset is provided under Open Government Licence.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-27T01:59:04", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data provided by the UK Met Office for archiving in the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) archives.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "Met Office, UKCP18, BEIS, Defra, land surface, climate observations, hadobs", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-26T15:31:50", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-06-26T15:37:47", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 2305, "bboxName": "HadUK-Grid area", "eastBoundLongitude": 4.59, "westBoundLongitude": -12.61, "southBoundLatitude": 48.83, "northBoundLatitude": 60.57 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44306, "dataPath": "/badc/ukmo-hadobs/data/insitu/MOHC/HadOBS/HadUK-Grid/v1.3.1.ceda/25km/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 1030896218, "numberOfFiles": 7270, "fileFormat": "Data are NetCDF formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12360, "startTime": "1836-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2024-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 3946, "explanation": "Data quality control details for the HadUK-Grid version 1.0 datasets is available in section 2.2. of Hollis et al. (2019). See linked documentation for further details.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "HadUK-Grid v1.1 Data Quality Statement", "date": "2022-05-13" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 26870, "uuid": "b1b352825f5548a8bf0639afe335f5ae", "short_code": "comp", "title": "HadUK-Grid gridded climate observations methodology", "abstract": "The gridded data sets are based on the archive of UK weather observations held at the Met Office. The density of the station network used varies through time, and for different climate variables - for example, for the temperature variables the number of stations rises from about 270 in 1910s to 600 in the mid-1990s, before falling to 450 in 2006. Regression and interpolation are used to generate values on a regular grid from the irregular station network, taking into account factors such as latitude and longitude, altitude and terrain shape, coastal influence, and urban land use. This alleviates the impact of station openings and closures on homogeneity, but the impacts of a changing station network cannot be removed entirely, especially in areas of complex topography or sparse station coverage.\r\n\r\nThe methods used to generate the grids are described in more detail in a paper published by Hollis et al. (2019) https://doi.org/10.1002/gdj3.78 (see linked documentation on this record).\r\n\r\nTo help users combine the observational data sets with the UKCP18 climate projections, the 1km x 1km grid is averaged to grids at resolutions to match those of the climate projections. Each 5 x 5 km, 12 x 12 km, 25 x 25 km or 60 x 60 km grid box value is an average of the all the 1 × 1 km grid cell values that fall within it. A set of regional values for UK administrative regions, river basins and countries are calculated as the average of all 1 × 1 km grid cell values that fall within the defined geography." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 69 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 13164, "uuid": "ce252c81a7bd4717834055e31716b265", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre - Observations and Climate", "abstract": "The Met Office Hadley Centre is one of the UK's foremost climate change research centres.\r\n\r\nThe Hadley Centre produces world-class guidance on the science of climate change and provide a focus in the UK for the scientific issues associated with climate science.\r\n\r\nLargely co-funded by Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) and Defra (the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), the centre provides in-depth information to, and advise, the Government on climate science issues.\r\n\r\nAs one of the world's leading centres for climate science research, the Hadley Centre scientists make significant contributions to peer-reviewed literature and to a variety of climate science reports, including the Assessment Report of the IPCC. The Hadley Centre climate projections were the basis for the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6023, 11484, 11485, 11486, 50516, 50517, 51186, 51187, 51188, 51189, 51193, 51195, 51196, 51197, 51200, 54990, 54991, 54992, 54994, 54997, 62352, 62353, 62354, 62355, 62356, 64067 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13439 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 26862, "uuid": "4dc8450d889a491ebb20e724debe2dfb", "short_code": "coll", "title": "HadUK-Grid gridded and regional average climate observations for the UK", "abstract": "This Dataset Collection contains a number of different versions of the HadUK-Grid dataset, each of which present a set of gridded climate variables extending from the present back to the 19th Century. The primary purpose of these data are to facilitate monitoring of the UK climate and research into climate variability, climate change, impacts and adaptation. The Met Office uses these data for operational monitoring of the UK's climate.\r\n\r\nThe data have been interpolated from meteorological station data onto a uniform grid at 1km by 1km resolution to provide complete and consistent coverage across the UK. The 1km data set has been regridded to different resolutions and regional averages to create a collection allowing for comparison to data from UKCP18 climate projections.\r\n\r\nA new version of HadUK-Grid is released each year. The latest version is v1.3.1.ceda, released in June 2025 and containing data up to the end of 2024. A summary of previous releases can be found below. Provisional data for more recent months can be found on the Met Office web site https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadukgrid/.\r\n\r\nEach version comprises eight Datasets - gridded data at 1, 5, 12, 25 and 60 km resolution, plus three sets of area averages (UK countries, admin regions and river basins).\r\n\r\nThe earliest year of data varies by variable and has changed as more data are digitised. Currently the start years are:\r\n1836 (monthly rainfall)\r\n1884 (monthly max/mean/min air temperature)\r\n1891 (daily rainfall)\r\n1910 (monthly sunshine)\r\n1931 (daily max/min air temperature)\r\n1961 (monthly days of ground frost, relative humidity, mean sea level pressure and vapour pressure)\r\n1969 (monthly mean wind speed)\r\n1971 (monthly days of lying snow)\r\n\r\nThe grids are provided at daily (max/min air temperature and rainfall only), monthly, seasonal and annual timescales, as well as long term averages for a set of climatological reference periods.\r\n\r\nThe latest release has been created by the Met Office funded by the UK Department for Science, Innovation and Technology (DSIT).\r\n\r\nPrevious versions were created by the Met Office with financial support from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) in order to support the Public Weather Service Customer Group (PWSCG), the Hadley Centre Climate Programme, and the UK Climate Projections (UKCP18) project.\r\n\r\nFor all versions, the data recovery activity to supplement 19th and early 20th Century data availability has also been funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC grant ref: NE/L01016X/1) project \"Analysis of historic drought and water scarcity in the UK\".\r\n\r\nThe data are provided under Open Government Licence v3 (see each dataset for links to licence and associated citations to use).\r\n\r\nList of dataset versions (latest first) and key differences (each release also extends the dataset by one year):\r\n\r\nv1.3.1.ceda (1836-2024) - Daily temperature extended back to 1931 (from 1960). Historical data recovery has improved daily rainfall over Scotland for 1922-1945.\r\nv1.3.0.ceda (1836-2023) - Historical data recovery has improved daily rainfall over Scotland for 1945-1960.\r\nv1.2.0.ceda (1836-2022) - Monthly sunshine extended back to 1910 (from 1919). Incorporation of Rainfall Rescue v2.\r\nv1.1.0.0 (1836-2021) - Addition of climate averages for 1991-2020. Rainfall Rescue v1 dataset incorporated into the monthly rainfall grids which are extended back to 1836 (from 1862).\r\nv1.0.3.0 (1862-2020)\r\nv1.0.2.1 (1862-2019) - Monthly sunshine extended back to 1919 (from 1929). Historical data recovery has also improved monthly rainfall 1862-1910, daily rainfall 1891-1910 and monthly temperature 1900-1909. Correction to the grid definition for 12 km grid product to match the UKCP18 climate model products.\r\nv1.0.1.0 (1862-2018) - Addition of 5km data.\r\nv1.0.0.0 (1862-2017) - Initial release.\r\n\r\nSee the change log file for each version for further details.\r\n\r\nNote: The introduction of the '.ceda' suffix was done to highlight that CEDA is the source of these data files compared to other potential sources (e.g. the UKCP User Interface https://ukclimateprojections-ui.metoffice.gov.uk/ui/home) The data values are the same - it is the way the data are packaged that may differ between sources.\r\n\r\nEach version following the initial release is accompanied by change log files. These list new files in the version compared with the previous version plus summary totals of the number of files that remained the same, modified and removed. Links to these change logs are available in the 'Details/Docs' section of each dataset. Additionally, a summary change log file is provided which gives an overview of all changes to the data sources and processing methods since the initial release. This summary can be found in the 'Details/Docs' section below or via the individual datasets.\r\n\r\nThis collection supersedes the UKCP09 Dataset Collection and contains all datasets within the major version 1 release (i.e. v1.#.#.#). See Hollis et al. (2019; linked documentation) for details on the version numbering utilised." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211355, 211356, 211357, 211358, 211359, 211360, 211361, 211362, 211365, 211364, 211363, 211366, 211367, 211368, 211369 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92892, 92893, 92894, 92895, 92896 ] }, { "ob_id": 44206, "uuid": "3302df4f8d174999bfbc5d0b86d93dce", "title": "HadUK-Grid Gridded Climate Observations on a 12km grid over the UK, v1.3.1.ceda (1836-2024)", "abstract": "HadUK-Grid is a collection of gridded climate variables derived from the network of UK land surface observations. The data have been interpolated from meteorological station data onto a uniform grid to provide complete and consistent coverage across the UK. The dataset at 12 km resolution is derived from the associated 1 km x 1 km resolution to allow for comparison to data from climate projections. The dataset spans the period from 1836 to 2024, but the start time is dependent on climate variable and temporal resolution.\r\n\r\nThe gridded data are produced for daily, monthly, seasonal and annual timescales, as well as long term averages for a set of climatological reference periods. Variables include air temperature (maximum, minimum and mean), precipitation, sunshine, mean sea level pressure, wind speed, relative humidity, vapour pressure, days of snow lying, and days of ground frost.\r\n\r\nThis data set supersedes the previous versions of this dataset which also superseded UKCP09 gridded observations. Subsequent versions may be released in due course and will follow the version numbering as outlined by Hollis et al. (2019, see linked documentation). \r\n\r\nThe changes for v1.3.1.ceda HadUK-Grid datasets are as follows:\r\n \r\nChanges to the dataset\r\n* Added data for calendar year 2024\r\n* Extended the daily temperature grids back to 1931\r\n\r\nChanges to the input data\r\n* Incorporated additional daily rainfall data for 60 sites in Scotland, 1922-45\r\n* Incorporated additional monthly rainfall data for two sites - Westonbirt (1880-1951) & Ackworth School (1852-53)\r\n* Fixed a 1-day offset for sunshine duration values for six stations between 1971 and 1993\r\n* Corrected the daily rainfall data for Macclesfield, 1958-60 (the values had been stored in the wrong units)\r\n* Improved the quality control of the most recent three months of rainfall data (Oct-Dec 2024)\r\n* Removed Corpach from the wind speed grids (the station is poorly modelled - this only affects 14 months)\r\n* Reviewed the quality control flags that had been applied automatically to historical air and grass minimum temperature data. In many cases it was possible to remove the flags and this has allowed us to incorporate additional data into the grids for 1961-1997 for these variables.\r\n* Improved the business logic relating to data completeness. This affects monthly wind speed and has allowed us to re-introduce some of the data that were excluded in the previous release.\r\n\r\n* Net changes to the input station data:\r\n - Total of 131314637 observations\r\n - 126821432 (96.6%) unchanged \r\n - 105327 (0.08%) modified for this version\r\n - 4387878 (3.34%) added in this version\r\n - 44224 (0.03%) deleted from this version\r\n\r\nThe primary purpose of these data are to facilitate monitoring of UK climate and research into climate change, impacts and adaptation. The datasets have been created by the Met Office with financial support from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) in order to support the Public Weather Service Customer Group (PWSCG), the Hadley Centre Climate Programme, and the UK Climate Projections (UKCP18) project. The output from a number of data recovery activities relating to 19th and early 20th Century data have been used in the creation of this dataset, these activities were supported by: the Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme; the Natural Environment Research Council project \"Analysis of historic drought and water scarcity in the UK\"; the UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) Strategic Priorities Fund UK Climate Resilience programme; The UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Public Engagement programme; the National Centre for Atmospheric Science; National Centre for Atmospheric Science and the NERC GloSAT project; and the contribution of many thousands of public volunteers. The dataset is provided under Open Government Licence.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-27T01:59:03", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data provided by the UK Met Office for archiving in the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) archives.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "Met Office, UKCP18, BEIS, Defra, land surface, climate observations, hadobs", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-26T14:27:41", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-06-26T14:28:04", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 2305, "bboxName": "HadUK-Grid area", "eastBoundLongitude": 4.59, "westBoundLongitude": -12.61, "southBoundLatitude": 48.83, "northBoundLatitude": 60.57 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44307, "dataPath": "/badc/ukmo-hadobs/data/insitu/MOHC/HadOBS/HadUK-Grid/v1.3.1.ceda/12km/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 3333403049, "numberOfFiles": 7270, "fileFormat": "Data are NetCDF formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12361, "startTime": "1836-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2024-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 3946, "explanation": "Data quality control details for the HadUK-Grid version 1.0 datasets is available in section 2.2. of Hollis et al. (2019). See linked documentation for further details.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "HadUK-Grid v1.1 Data Quality Statement", "date": "2022-05-13" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 26870, "uuid": "b1b352825f5548a8bf0639afe335f5ae", "short_code": "comp", "title": "HadUK-Grid gridded climate observations methodology", "abstract": "The gridded data sets are based on the archive of UK weather observations held at the Met Office. The density of the station network used varies through time, and for different climate variables - for example, for the temperature variables the number of stations rises from about 270 in 1910s to 600 in the mid-1990s, before falling to 450 in 2006. Regression and interpolation are used to generate values on a regular grid from the irregular station network, taking into account factors such as latitude and longitude, altitude and terrain shape, coastal influence, and urban land use. This alleviates the impact of station openings and closures on homogeneity, but the impacts of a changing station network cannot be removed entirely, especially in areas of complex topography or sparse station coverage.\r\n\r\nThe methods used to generate the grids are described in more detail in a paper published by Hollis et al. (2019) https://doi.org/10.1002/gdj3.78 (see linked documentation on this record).\r\n\r\nTo help users combine the observational data sets with the UKCP18 climate projections, the 1km x 1km grid is averaged to grids at resolutions to match those of the climate projections. Each 5 x 5 km, 12 x 12 km, 25 x 25 km or 60 x 60 km grid box value is an average of the all the 1 × 1 km grid cell values that fall within it. A set of regional values for UK administrative regions, river basins and countries are calculated as the average of all 1 × 1 km grid cell values that fall within the defined geography." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 69 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 13164, "uuid": "ce252c81a7bd4717834055e31716b265", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre - Observations and Climate", "abstract": "The Met Office Hadley Centre is one of the UK's foremost climate change research centres.\r\n\r\nThe Hadley Centre produces world-class guidance on the science of climate change and provide a focus in the UK for the scientific issues associated with climate science.\r\n\r\nLargely co-funded by Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) and Defra (the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), the centre provides in-depth information to, and advise, the Government on climate science issues.\r\n\r\nAs one of the world's leading centres for climate science research, the Hadley Centre scientists make significant contributions to peer-reviewed literature and to a variety of climate science reports, including the Assessment Report of the IPCC. The Hadley Centre climate projections were the basis for the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6023, 11484, 11485, 11486, 50516, 50517, 51186, 51187, 51188, 51189, 51193, 51195, 51196, 51197, 51200, 54990, 54991, 54992, 54994, 54997, 62352, 62353, 62354, 62355, 62356, 64067 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13437 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 26862, "uuid": "4dc8450d889a491ebb20e724debe2dfb", "short_code": "coll", "title": "HadUK-Grid gridded and regional average climate observations for the UK", "abstract": "This Dataset Collection contains a number of different versions of the HadUK-Grid dataset, each of which present a set of gridded climate variables extending from the present back to the 19th Century. The primary purpose of these data are to facilitate monitoring of the UK climate and research into climate variability, climate change, impacts and adaptation. The Met Office uses these data for operational monitoring of the UK's climate.\r\n\r\nThe data have been interpolated from meteorological station data onto a uniform grid at 1km by 1km resolution to provide complete and consistent coverage across the UK. The 1km data set has been regridded to different resolutions and regional averages to create a collection allowing for comparison to data from UKCP18 climate projections.\r\n\r\nA new version of HadUK-Grid is released each year. The latest version is v1.3.1.ceda, released in June 2025 and containing data up to the end of 2024. A summary of previous releases can be found below. Provisional data for more recent months can be found on the Met Office web site https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadukgrid/.\r\n\r\nEach version comprises eight Datasets - gridded data at 1, 5, 12, 25 and 60 km resolution, plus three sets of area averages (UK countries, admin regions and river basins).\r\n\r\nThe earliest year of data varies by variable and has changed as more data are digitised. Currently the start years are:\r\n1836 (monthly rainfall)\r\n1884 (monthly max/mean/min air temperature)\r\n1891 (daily rainfall)\r\n1910 (monthly sunshine)\r\n1931 (daily max/min air temperature)\r\n1961 (monthly days of ground frost, relative humidity, mean sea level pressure and vapour pressure)\r\n1969 (monthly mean wind speed)\r\n1971 (monthly days of lying snow)\r\n\r\nThe grids are provided at daily (max/min air temperature and rainfall only), monthly, seasonal and annual timescales, as well as long term averages for a set of climatological reference periods.\r\n\r\nThe latest release has been created by the Met Office funded by the UK Department for Science, Innovation and Technology (DSIT).\r\n\r\nPrevious versions were created by the Met Office with financial support from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) in order to support the Public Weather Service Customer Group (PWSCG), the Hadley Centre Climate Programme, and the UK Climate Projections (UKCP18) project.\r\n\r\nFor all versions, the data recovery activity to supplement 19th and early 20th Century data availability has also been funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC grant ref: NE/L01016X/1) project \"Analysis of historic drought and water scarcity in the UK\".\r\n\r\nThe data are provided under Open Government Licence v3 (see each dataset for links to licence and associated citations to use).\r\n\r\nList of dataset versions (latest first) and key differences (each release also extends the dataset by one year):\r\n\r\nv1.3.1.ceda (1836-2024) - Daily temperature extended back to 1931 (from 1960). Historical data recovery has improved daily rainfall over Scotland for 1922-1945.\r\nv1.3.0.ceda (1836-2023) - Historical data recovery has improved daily rainfall over Scotland for 1945-1960.\r\nv1.2.0.ceda (1836-2022) - Monthly sunshine extended back to 1910 (from 1919). Incorporation of Rainfall Rescue v2.\r\nv1.1.0.0 (1836-2021) - Addition of climate averages for 1991-2020. Rainfall Rescue v1 dataset incorporated into the monthly rainfall grids which are extended back to 1836 (from 1862).\r\nv1.0.3.0 (1862-2020)\r\nv1.0.2.1 (1862-2019) - Monthly sunshine extended back to 1919 (from 1929). Historical data recovery has also improved monthly rainfall 1862-1910, daily rainfall 1891-1910 and monthly temperature 1900-1909. Correction to the grid definition for 12 km grid product to match the UKCP18 climate model products.\r\nv1.0.1.0 (1862-2018) - Addition of 5km data.\r\nv1.0.0.0 (1862-2017) - Initial release.\r\n\r\nSee the change log file for each version for further details.\r\n\r\nNote: The introduction of the '.ceda' suffix was done to highlight that CEDA is the source of these data files compared to other potential sources (e.g. the UKCP User Interface https://ukclimateprojections-ui.metoffice.gov.uk/ui/home) The data values are the same - it is the way the data are packaged that may differ between sources.\r\n\r\nEach version following the initial release is accompanied by change log files. These list new files in the version compared with the previous version plus summary totals of the number of files that remained the same, modified and removed. Links to these change logs are available in the 'Details/Docs' section of each dataset. Additionally, a summary change log file is provided which gives an overview of all changes to the data sources and processing methods since the initial release. This summary can be found in the 'Details/Docs' section below or via the individual datasets.\r\n\r\nThis collection supersedes the UKCP09 Dataset Collection and contains all datasets within the major version 1 release (i.e. v1.#.#.#). See Hollis et al. (2019; linked documentation) for details on the version numbering utilised." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211370, 211371, 211372, 211373, 211374, 211375, 211376, 211377, 211380, 211379, 211378, 211381, 211382, 211383, 211384 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92897, 92898, 92899, 92900, 92901 ] }, { "ob_id": 44207, "uuid": "f02cc6ddd92f45b18b9ab6ab544df7d9", "title": "HadUK-Grid Gridded Climate Observations on a 1km grid over the UK, v1.3.1.ceda (1836-2024)", "abstract": "HadUK-Grid is a collection of gridded climate variables derived from the network of UK land surface observations. The data have been interpolated from meteorological station data onto a uniform grid to provide complete and consistent coverage across the UK. The datasets cover the UK at 1 km x 1 km resolution. These 1 km x 1 km data have been used to provide a range of other resolutions and across countries, administrative regions and river basins to allow for comparison to data from UKCP18 climate projections. The dataset spans the period from 1836 to 2024, but the start time is dependent on climate variable and temporal resolution. \r\n\r\nThe gridded data are produced for daily, monthly, seasonal and annual timescales, as well as long term averages for a set of climatological reference periods. Variables include air temperature (maximum, minimum and mean), precipitation, sunshine, mean sea level pressure, wind speed, relative humidity, vapour pressure, days of snow lying, and days of ground frost.\r\n\r\nThis data set supersedes the previous versions of this dataset which also superseded UKCP09 gridded observations. Subsequent versions may be released in due course and will follow the version numbering as outlined by Hollis et al. (2019, see linked documentation).\r\n\r\nThe changes for v1.3.1.ceda HadUK-Grid datasets are as follows:\r\n \r\nChanges to the dataset\r\n* Added data for calendar year 2024\r\n* Extended the daily temperature grids back to 1931\r\n\r\nChanges to the input data\r\n* Incorporated additional daily rainfall data for 60 sites in Scotland, 1922-45\r\n* Incorporated additional monthly rainfall data for two sites - Westonbirt (1880-1951) & Ackworth School (1852-53)\r\n* Fixed a 1-day offset for sunshine duration values for six stations between 1971 and 1993\r\n* Corrected the daily rainfall data for Macclesfield, 1958-60 (the values had been stored in the wrong units)\r\n* Improved the quality control of the most recent three months of rainfall data (Oct-Dec 2024)\r\n* Removed Corpach from the wind speed grids (the station is poorly modelled - this only affects 14 months)\r\n* Reviewed the quality control flags that had been applied automatically to historical air and grass minimum temperature data. In many cases it was possible to remove the flags and this has allowed us to incorporate additional data into the grids for 1961-1997 for these variables.\r\n* Improved the business logic relating to data completeness. This affects monthly wind speed and has allowed us to re-introduce some of the data that were excluded in the previous release.\r\n\r\n* Net changes to the input station data:\r\n - Total of 131314637 observations\r\n - 126821432 (96.6%) unchanged \r\n - 105327 (0.08%) modified for this version\r\n - 4387878 (3.34%) added in this version\r\n - 44224 (0.03%) deleted from this version\r\n \r\nThe primary purpose of these data are to facilitate monitoring of UK climate and research into climate change, impacts and adaptation. The datasets have been created by the Met Office with financial support from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) in order to support the Public Weather Service Customer Group (PWSCG), the Hadley Centre Climate Programme, and the UK Climate Projections (UKCP18) project. The output from a number of data recovery activities relating to 19th and early 20th Century data have been used in the creation of this dataset, these activities were supported by: the Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme; the Natural Environment Research Council project \"Analysis of historic drought and water scarcity in the UK\"; the UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) Strategic Priorities Fund UK Climate Resilience programme; The UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Public Engagement programme; the National Centre for Atmospheric Science; National Centre for Atmospheric Science and the NERC GloSAT project; and the contribution of many thousands of public volunteers. The dataset is provided under Open Government Licence.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-07-02T01:55:38", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data provided by the UK Met Office for archiving in the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) archives.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "Met Office, UKCP18, BEIS, Defra, land surface, climate observations, hadobs", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-07-01T14:38:40", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-07-01T15:11:53", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 2305, "bboxName": "HadUK-Grid area", "eastBoundLongitude": 4.59, "westBoundLongitude": -12.61, "southBoundLatitude": 48.83, "northBoundLatitude": 60.57 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44305, "dataPath": "/badc/ukmo-hadobs/data/insitu/MOHC/HadOBS/HadUK-Grid/v1.3.1.ceda/1km/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 379121118409, "numberOfFiles": 7270, "fileFormat": "Data are NetCDF formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12362, "startTime": "1836-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2024-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 3946, "explanation": "Data quality control details for the HadUK-Grid version 1.0 datasets is available in section 2.2. of Hollis et al. (2019). See linked documentation for further details.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "HadUK-Grid v1.1 Data Quality Statement", "date": "2022-05-13" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 26870, "uuid": "b1b352825f5548a8bf0639afe335f5ae", "short_code": "comp", "title": "HadUK-Grid gridded climate observations methodology", "abstract": "The gridded data sets are based on the archive of UK weather observations held at the Met Office. The density of the station network used varies through time, and for different climate variables - for example, for the temperature variables the number of stations rises from about 270 in 1910s to 600 in the mid-1990s, before falling to 450 in 2006. Regression and interpolation are used to generate values on a regular grid from the irregular station network, taking into account factors such as latitude and longitude, altitude and terrain shape, coastal influence, and urban land use. This alleviates the impact of station openings and closures on homogeneity, but the impacts of a changing station network cannot be removed entirely, especially in areas of complex topography or sparse station coverage.\r\n\r\nThe methods used to generate the grids are described in more detail in a paper published by Hollis et al. (2019) https://doi.org/10.1002/gdj3.78 (see linked documentation on this record).\r\n\r\nTo help users combine the observational data sets with the UKCP18 climate projections, the 1km x 1km grid is averaged to grids at resolutions to match those of the climate projections. Each 5 x 5 km, 12 x 12 km, 25 x 25 km or 60 x 60 km grid box value is an average of the all the 1 × 1 km grid cell values that fall within it. A set of regional values for UK administrative regions, river basins and countries are calculated as the average of all 1 × 1 km grid cell values that fall within the defined geography." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 69 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 13164, "uuid": "ce252c81a7bd4717834055e31716b265", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre - Observations and Climate", "abstract": "The Met Office Hadley Centre is one of the UK's foremost climate change research centres.\r\n\r\nThe Hadley Centre produces world-class guidance on the science of climate change and provide a focus in the UK for the scientific issues associated with climate science.\r\n\r\nLargely co-funded by Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) and Defra (the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), the centre provides in-depth information to, and advise, the Government on climate science issues.\r\n\r\nAs one of the world's leading centres for climate science research, the Hadley Centre scientists make significant contributions to peer-reviewed literature and to a variety of climate science reports, including the Assessment Report of the IPCC. The Hadley Centre climate projections were the basis for the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6023, 11484, 11485, 11486, 50516, 50517, 51186, 51187, 51188, 51189, 51193, 51195, 51196, 51197, 51200, 54990, 54991, 54992, 54994, 54997, 62352, 62353, 62354, 62355, 62356, 64067 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13441 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 26862, "uuid": "4dc8450d889a491ebb20e724debe2dfb", "short_code": "coll", "title": "HadUK-Grid gridded and regional average climate observations for the UK", "abstract": "This Dataset Collection contains a number of different versions of the HadUK-Grid dataset, each of which present a set of gridded climate variables extending from the present back to the 19th Century. The primary purpose of these data are to facilitate monitoring of the UK climate and research into climate variability, climate change, impacts and adaptation. The Met Office uses these data for operational monitoring of the UK's climate.\r\n\r\nThe data have been interpolated from meteorological station data onto a uniform grid at 1km by 1km resolution to provide complete and consistent coverage across the UK. The 1km data set has been regridded to different resolutions and regional averages to create a collection allowing for comparison to data from UKCP18 climate projections.\r\n\r\nA new version of HadUK-Grid is released each year. The latest version is v1.3.1.ceda, released in June 2025 and containing data up to the end of 2024. A summary of previous releases can be found below. Provisional data for more recent months can be found on the Met Office web site https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadukgrid/.\r\n\r\nEach version comprises eight Datasets - gridded data at 1, 5, 12, 25 and 60 km resolution, plus three sets of area averages (UK countries, admin regions and river basins).\r\n\r\nThe earliest year of data varies by variable and has changed as more data are digitised. Currently the start years are:\r\n1836 (monthly rainfall)\r\n1884 (monthly max/mean/min air temperature)\r\n1891 (daily rainfall)\r\n1910 (monthly sunshine)\r\n1931 (daily max/min air temperature)\r\n1961 (monthly days of ground frost, relative humidity, mean sea level pressure and vapour pressure)\r\n1969 (monthly mean wind speed)\r\n1971 (monthly days of lying snow)\r\n\r\nThe grids are provided at daily (max/min air temperature and rainfall only), monthly, seasonal and annual timescales, as well as long term averages for a set of climatological reference periods.\r\n\r\nThe latest release has been created by the Met Office funded by the UK Department for Science, Innovation and Technology (DSIT).\r\n\r\nPrevious versions were created by the Met Office with financial support from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) in order to support the Public Weather Service Customer Group (PWSCG), the Hadley Centre Climate Programme, and the UK Climate Projections (UKCP18) project.\r\n\r\nFor all versions, the data recovery activity to supplement 19th and early 20th Century data availability has also been funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC grant ref: NE/L01016X/1) project \"Analysis of historic drought and water scarcity in the UK\".\r\n\r\nThe data are provided under Open Government Licence v3 (see each dataset for links to licence and associated citations to use).\r\n\r\nList of dataset versions (latest first) and key differences (each release also extends the dataset by one year):\r\n\r\nv1.3.1.ceda (1836-2024) - Daily temperature extended back to 1931 (from 1960). Historical data recovery has improved daily rainfall over Scotland for 1922-1945.\r\nv1.3.0.ceda (1836-2023) - Historical data recovery has improved daily rainfall over Scotland for 1945-1960.\r\nv1.2.0.ceda (1836-2022) - Monthly sunshine extended back to 1910 (from 1919). Incorporation of Rainfall Rescue v2.\r\nv1.1.0.0 (1836-2021) - Addition of climate averages for 1991-2020. Rainfall Rescue v1 dataset incorporated into the monthly rainfall grids which are extended back to 1836 (from 1862).\r\nv1.0.3.0 (1862-2020)\r\nv1.0.2.1 (1862-2019) - Monthly sunshine extended back to 1919 (from 1929). Historical data recovery has also improved monthly rainfall 1862-1910, daily rainfall 1891-1910 and monthly temperature 1900-1909. Correction to the grid definition for 12 km grid product to match the UKCP18 climate model products.\r\nv1.0.1.0 (1862-2018) - Addition of 5km data.\r\nv1.0.0.0 (1862-2017) - Initial release.\r\n\r\nSee the change log file for each version for further details.\r\n\r\nNote: The introduction of the '.ceda' suffix was done to highlight that CEDA is the source of these data files compared to other potential sources (e.g. the UKCP User Interface https://ukclimateprojections-ui.metoffice.gov.uk/ui/home) The data values are the same - it is the way the data are packaged that may differ between sources.\r\n\r\nEach version following the initial release is accompanied by change log files. These list new files in the version compared with the previous version plus summary totals of the number of files that remained the same, modified and removed. Links to these change logs are available in the 'Details/Docs' section of each dataset. Additionally, a summary change log file is provided which gives an overview of all changes to the data sources and processing methods since the initial release. This summary can be found in the 'Details/Docs' section below or via the individual datasets.\r\n\r\nThis collection supersedes the UKCP09 Dataset Collection and contains all datasets within the major version 1 release (i.e. v1.#.#.#). See Hollis et al. (2019; linked documentation) for details on the version numbering utilised." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211385, 211386, 211387, 211388, 211389, 211390, 211391, 211392, 211395, 211394, 211393, 211396, 211397, 211398, 211399 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92902, 92903, 92904, 92905, 92906 ] }, { "ob_id": 44208, "uuid": "c014df7ace2f4da4a808437ac6e73a16", "title": "HadUK-Grid Climate Observations by UK river basins, v1.3.1.ceda (1836-2024)", "abstract": "HadUK-Grid is a collection of gridded climate variables derived from the network of UK land surface observations. The data have been interpolated from meteorological station data onto a uniform grid to provide complete and consistent coverage across the UK. These data at 1 km resolution have been averaged across a set of discrete geographies defining UK river basins consistent with data from UKCP18 climate projections. The dataset spans the period from 1836 to 2024, but the start time is dependent on climate variable and temporal resolution.\r\n\r\nThe gridded data are produced for daily, monthly, seasonal and annual timescales, as well as long term averages for a set of climatological reference periods. Variables include air temperature (maximum, minimum and mean), precipitation, sunshine, mean sea level pressure, wind speed, relative humidity, vapour pressure, days of snow lying, and days of ground frost.\r\n\r\nThis data set supersedes the previous versions of this dataset which also superseded UKCP09 gridded observations. Subsequent versions may be released in due course and will follow the version numbering as outlined by Hollis et al. (2019, see linked documentation).\r\n\r\nThe changes for v1.3.1.ceda HadUK-Grid datasets are as follows:\r\n \r\nChanges to the dataset\r\n* Added data for calendar year 2024\r\n* Extended the daily temperature grids back to 1931\r\n\r\nChanges to the input data\r\n* Incorporated additional daily rainfall data for 60 sites in Scotland, 1922-45\r\n* Incorporated additional monthly rainfall data for two sites - Westonbirt (1880-1951) & Ackworth School (1852-53)\r\n* Fixed a 1-day offset for sunshine duration values for six stations between 1971 and 1993\r\n* Corrected the daily rainfall data for Macclesfield, 1958-60 (the values had been stored in the wrong units)\r\n* Improved the quality control of the most recent three months of rainfall data (Oct-Dec 2024)\r\n* Removed Corpach from the wind speed grids (the station is poorly modelled - this only affects 14 months)\r\n* Reviewed the quality control flags that had been applied automatically to historical air and grass minimum temperature data. In many cases it was possible to remove the flags and this has allowed us to incorporate additional data into the grids for 1961-1997 for these variables.\r\n* Improved the business logic relating to data completeness. This affects monthly wind speed and has allowed us to re-introduce some of the data that were excluded in the previous release.\r\n\r\n* Net changes to the input station data:\r\n - Total of 131314637 observations\r\n - 126821432 (96.6%) unchanged \r\n - 105327 (0.08%) modified for this version\r\n - 4387878 (3.34%) added in this version\r\n - 44224 (0.03%) deleted from this version\r\n \r\nThe primary purpose of these data are to facilitate monitoring of UK climate and research into climate change, impacts and adaptation. The datasets have been created by the Met Office with financial support from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) in order to support the Public Weather Service Customer Group (PWSCG), the Hadley Centre Climate Programme, and the UK Climate Projections (UKCP18) project. The output from a number of data recovery activities relating to 19th and early 20th Century data have been used in the creation of this dataset, these activities were supported by: the Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme; the Natural Environment Research Council project \"Analysis of historic drought and water scarcity in the UK\"; the UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) Strategic Priorities Fund UK Climate Resilience programme; The UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Public Engagement programme; the National Centre for Atmospheric Science; National Centre for Atmospheric Science and the NERC GloSAT project; and the contribution of many thousands of public volunteers. The dataset is provided under Open Government Licence.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-27T01:59:03", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data provided by the UK Met Office for archiving in the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) archives.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "Met Office, UKCP18, BEIS, Defra, land surface, climate observations, hadobs", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-26T14:21:36", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-06-26T14:24:10", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 2308, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 1.76, "westBoundLongitude": -8.84, "southBoundLatitude": 49.86, "northBoundLatitude": 60.86 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44308, "dataPath": "/badc/ukmo-hadobs/data/insitu/MOHC/HadOBS/HadUK-Grid/v1.3.1.ceda/river/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 29043151, "numberOfFiles": 163, "fileFormat": "Data are NetCDF formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12363, "startTime": "1836-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2024-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 3946, "explanation": "Data quality control details for the HadUK-Grid version 1.0 datasets is available in section 2.2. of Hollis et al. (2019). See linked documentation for further details.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "HadUK-Grid v1.1 Data Quality Statement", "date": "2022-05-13" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 26870, "uuid": "b1b352825f5548a8bf0639afe335f5ae", "short_code": "comp", "title": "HadUK-Grid gridded climate observations methodology", "abstract": "The gridded data sets are based on the archive of UK weather observations held at the Met Office. The density of the station network used varies through time, and for different climate variables - for example, for the temperature variables the number of stations rises from about 270 in 1910s to 600 in the mid-1990s, before falling to 450 in 2006. Regression and interpolation are used to generate values on a regular grid from the irregular station network, taking into account factors such as latitude and longitude, altitude and terrain shape, coastal influence, and urban land use. This alleviates the impact of station openings and closures on homogeneity, but the impacts of a changing station network cannot be removed entirely, especially in areas of complex topography or sparse station coverage.\r\n\r\nThe methods used to generate the grids are described in more detail in a paper published by Hollis et al. (2019) https://doi.org/10.1002/gdj3.78 (see linked documentation on this record).\r\n\r\nTo help users combine the observational data sets with the UKCP18 climate projections, the 1km x 1km grid is averaged to grids at resolutions to match those of the climate projections. Each 5 x 5 km, 12 x 12 km, 25 x 25 km or 60 x 60 km grid box value is an average of the all the 1 × 1 km grid cell values that fall within it. A set of regional values for UK administrative regions, river basins and countries are calculated as the average of all 1 × 1 km grid cell values that fall within the defined geography." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 69 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 13164, "uuid": "ce252c81a7bd4717834055e31716b265", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre - Observations and Climate", "abstract": "The Met Office Hadley Centre is one of the UK's foremost climate change research centres.\r\n\r\nThe Hadley Centre produces world-class guidance on the science of climate change and provide a focus in the UK for the scientific issues associated with climate science.\r\n\r\nLargely co-funded by Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) and Defra (the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), the centre provides in-depth information to, and advise, the Government on climate science issues.\r\n\r\nAs one of the world's leading centres for climate science research, the Hadley Centre scientists make significant contributions to peer-reviewed literature and to a variety of climate science reports, including the Assessment Report of the IPCC. The Hadley Centre climate projections were the basis for the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6023, 50511, 50516, 50517, 51193, 51195, 51196, 51197, 51200, 54990, 54991, 54992, 54994, 54997, 61135, 62352, 62353, 62354, 62355, 62356, 62357, 64067 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13436 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 26862, "uuid": "4dc8450d889a491ebb20e724debe2dfb", "short_code": "coll", "title": "HadUK-Grid gridded and regional average climate observations for the UK", "abstract": "This Dataset Collection contains a number of different versions of the HadUK-Grid dataset, each of which present a set of gridded climate variables extending from the present back to the 19th Century. The primary purpose of these data are to facilitate monitoring of the UK climate and research into climate variability, climate change, impacts and adaptation. The Met Office uses these data for operational monitoring of the UK's climate.\r\n\r\nThe data have been interpolated from meteorological station data onto a uniform grid at 1km by 1km resolution to provide complete and consistent coverage across the UK. The 1km data set has been regridded to different resolutions and regional averages to create a collection allowing for comparison to data from UKCP18 climate projections.\r\n\r\nA new version of HadUK-Grid is released each year. The latest version is v1.3.1.ceda, released in June 2025 and containing data up to the end of 2024. A summary of previous releases can be found below. Provisional data for more recent months can be found on the Met Office web site https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadukgrid/.\r\n\r\nEach version comprises eight Datasets - gridded data at 1, 5, 12, 25 and 60 km resolution, plus three sets of area averages (UK countries, admin regions and river basins).\r\n\r\nThe earliest year of data varies by variable and has changed as more data are digitised. Currently the start years are:\r\n1836 (monthly rainfall)\r\n1884 (monthly max/mean/min air temperature)\r\n1891 (daily rainfall)\r\n1910 (monthly sunshine)\r\n1931 (daily max/min air temperature)\r\n1961 (monthly days of ground frost, relative humidity, mean sea level pressure and vapour pressure)\r\n1969 (monthly mean wind speed)\r\n1971 (monthly days of lying snow)\r\n\r\nThe grids are provided at daily (max/min air temperature and rainfall only), monthly, seasonal and annual timescales, as well as long term averages for a set of climatological reference periods.\r\n\r\nThe latest release has been created by the Met Office funded by the UK Department for Science, Innovation and Technology (DSIT).\r\n\r\nPrevious versions were created by the Met Office with financial support from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) in order to support the Public Weather Service Customer Group (PWSCG), the Hadley Centre Climate Programme, and the UK Climate Projections (UKCP18) project.\r\n\r\nFor all versions, the data recovery activity to supplement 19th and early 20th Century data availability has also been funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC grant ref: NE/L01016X/1) project \"Analysis of historic drought and water scarcity in the UK\".\r\n\r\nThe data are provided under Open Government Licence v3 (see each dataset for links to licence and associated citations to use).\r\n\r\nList of dataset versions (latest first) and key differences (each release also extends the dataset by one year):\r\n\r\nv1.3.1.ceda (1836-2024) - Daily temperature extended back to 1931 (from 1960). Historical data recovery has improved daily rainfall over Scotland for 1922-1945.\r\nv1.3.0.ceda (1836-2023) - Historical data recovery has improved daily rainfall over Scotland for 1945-1960.\r\nv1.2.0.ceda (1836-2022) - Monthly sunshine extended back to 1910 (from 1919). Incorporation of Rainfall Rescue v2.\r\nv1.1.0.0 (1836-2021) - Addition of climate averages for 1991-2020. Rainfall Rescue v1 dataset incorporated into the monthly rainfall grids which are extended back to 1836 (from 1862).\r\nv1.0.3.0 (1862-2020)\r\nv1.0.2.1 (1862-2019) - Monthly sunshine extended back to 1919 (from 1929). Historical data recovery has also improved monthly rainfall 1862-1910, daily rainfall 1891-1910 and monthly temperature 1900-1909. Correction to the grid definition for 12 km grid product to match the UKCP18 climate model products.\r\nv1.0.1.0 (1862-2018) - Addition of 5km data.\r\nv1.0.0.0 (1862-2017) - Initial release.\r\n\r\nSee the change log file for each version for further details.\r\n\r\nNote: The introduction of the '.ceda' suffix was done to highlight that CEDA is the source of these data files compared to other potential sources (e.g. the UKCP User Interface https://ukclimateprojections-ui.metoffice.gov.uk/ui/home) The data values are the same - it is the way the data are packaged that may differ between sources.\r\n\r\nEach version following the initial release is accompanied by change log files. These list new files in the version compared with the previous version plus summary totals of the number of files that remained the same, modified and removed. Links to these change logs are available in the 'Details/Docs' section of each dataset. Additionally, a summary change log file is provided which gives an overview of all changes to the data sources and processing methods since the initial release. This summary can be found in the 'Details/Docs' section below or via the individual datasets.\r\n\r\nThis collection supersedes the UKCP09 Dataset Collection and contains all datasets within the major version 1 release (i.e. v1.#.#.#). See Hollis et al. (2019; linked documentation) for details on the version numbering utilised." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211400, 211401, 211402, 211403, 211404, 211405, 211406, 211407, 211408, 211410, 211409, 211411, 211412, 211413, 211414 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92907, 92909, 92910, 92908, 92911 ] }, { "ob_id": 44209, "uuid": "8793782a2bd44122b901501dfc883cf6", "title": "HadUK-Grid Climate Observations by UK countries, v1.3.1.ceda (1836-2024)", "abstract": "HadUK-Grid is a collection of gridded climate variables derived from the network of UK land surface observations. The data have been interpolated from meteorological station data onto a uniform grid to provide complete and consistent coverage across the UK. These data at 1 km resolution have been averaged across a set of discrete geographies defining UK countries consistent with data from UKCP18 climate projections. The dataset spans the period from 1836 to 2024, but the start time is dependent on climate variable and temporal resolution.\r\n\r\nThe gridded data are produced for daily, monthly, seasonal and annual timescales, as well as long term averages for a set of climatological reference periods. Variables include air temperature (maximum, minimum and mean), precipitation, sunshine, mean sea level pressure, wind speed, relative humidity, vapour pressure, days of snow lying, and days of ground frost.\r\n\r\nThis data set supersedes the previous versions of this dataset which also superseded UKCP09 gridded observations. Subsequent versions may be released in due course and will follow the version numbering as outlined by Hollis et al. (2019, see linked documentation).\r\n\r\nThe changes for v1.3.1.ceda HadUK-Grid datasets are as follows:\r\n\r\n Changes to the dataset\r\n* Added data for calendar year 2024\r\n* Extended the daily temperature grids back to 1931\r\n\r\nChanges to the input data\r\n* Incorporated additional daily rainfall data for 60 sites in Scotland, 1922-45\r\n* Incorporated additional monthly rainfall data for two sites - Westonbirt (1880-1951) & Ackworth School (1852-53)\r\n* Fixed a 1-day offset for sunshine duration values for six stations between 1971 and 1993\r\n* Corrected the daily rainfall data for Macclesfield, 1958-60 (the values had been stored in the wrong units)\r\n* Improved the quality control of the most recent three months of rainfall data (Oct-Dec 2024)\r\n* Removed Corpach from the wind speed grids (the station is poorly modelled - this only affects 14 months)\r\n* Reviewed the quality control flags that had been applied automatically to historical air and grass minimum temperature data. In many cases it was possible to remove the flags and this has allowed us to incorporate additional data into the grids for 1961-1997 for these variables.\r\n* Improved the business logic relating to data completeness. This affects monthly wind speed and has allowed us to re-introduce some of the data that were excluded in the previous release.\r\n\r\n* Net changes to the input station data:\r\n - Total of 131314637 observations\r\n - 126821432 (96.6%) unchanged \r\n - 105327 (0.08%) modified for this version\r\n - 4387878 (3.34%) added in this version\r\n - 44224 (0.03%) deleted from this version\r\n\r\nThe primary purpose of these data are to facilitate monitoring of UK climate and research into climate change, impacts and adaptation. The datasets have been created by the Met Office with financial support from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) in order to support the Public Weather Service Customer Group (PWSCG), the Hadley Centre Climate Programme, and the UK Climate Projections (UKCP18) project. The output from a number of data recovery activities relating to 19th and early 20th Century data have been used in the creation of this dataset, these activities were supported by: the Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme; the Natural Environment Research Council project \"Analysis of historic drought and water scarcity in the UK\"; the UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) Strategic Priorities Fund UK Climate Resilience programme; The UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Public Engagement programme; the National Centre for Atmospheric Science; National Centre for Atmospheric Science and the NERC GloSAT project; and the contribution of many thousands of public volunteers. The dataset is provided under Open Government Licence.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-27T01:59:04", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data provided by the UK Met Office for archiving in the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) archives.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "Met Office, UKCP18, BEIS, Defra, land surface, climate observations, hadobs", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-26T14:19:53", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-06-26T14:20:13", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 2309, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 1.76, "westBoundLongitude": -8.18, "southBoundLatitude": 49.16, "northBoundLatitude": 60.86 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44310, "dataPath": "/badc/ukmo-hadobs/data/insitu/MOHC/HadOBS/HadUK-Grid/v1.3.1.ceda/country/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 14483437, "numberOfFiles": 163, "fileFormat": "Data are NetCDF formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12364, "startTime": "1836-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2024-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 3946, "explanation": "Data quality control details for the HadUK-Grid version 1.0 datasets is available in section 2.2. of Hollis et al. (2019). See linked documentation for further details.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "HadUK-Grid v1.1 Data Quality Statement", "date": "2022-05-13" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 26870, "uuid": "b1b352825f5548a8bf0639afe335f5ae", "short_code": "comp", "title": "HadUK-Grid gridded climate observations methodology", "abstract": "The gridded data sets are based on the archive of UK weather observations held at the Met Office. The density of the station network used varies through time, and for different climate variables - for example, for the temperature variables the number of stations rises from about 270 in 1910s to 600 in the mid-1990s, before falling to 450 in 2006. Regression and interpolation are used to generate values on a regular grid from the irregular station network, taking into account factors such as latitude and longitude, altitude and terrain shape, coastal influence, and urban land use. This alleviates the impact of station openings and closures on homogeneity, but the impacts of a changing station network cannot be removed entirely, especially in areas of complex topography or sparse station coverage.\r\n\r\nThe methods used to generate the grids are described in more detail in a paper published by Hollis et al. (2019) https://doi.org/10.1002/gdj3.78 (see linked documentation on this record).\r\n\r\nTo help users combine the observational data sets with the UKCP18 climate projections, the 1km x 1km grid is averaged to grids at resolutions to match those of the climate projections. Each 5 x 5 km, 12 x 12 km, 25 x 25 km or 60 x 60 km grid box value is an average of the all the 1 × 1 km grid cell values that fall within it. A set of regional values for UK administrative regions, river basins and countries are calculated as the average of all 1 × 1 km grid cell values that fall within the defined geography." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 69 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 13164, "uuid": "ce252c81a7bd4717834055e31716b265", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre - Observations and Climate", "abstract": "The Met Office Hadley Centre is one of the UK's foremost climate change research centres.\r\n\r\nThe Hadley Centre produces world-class guidance on the science of climate change and provide a focus in the UK for the scientific issues associated with climate science.\r\n\r\nLargely co-funded by Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) and Defra (the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), the centre provides in-depth information to, and advise, the Government on climate science issues.\r\n\r\nAs one of the world's leading centres for climate science research, the Hadley Centre scientists make significant contributions to peer-reviewed literature and to a variety of climate science reports, including the Assessment Report of the IPCC. The Hadley Centre climate projections were the basis for the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6023, 50511, 50516, 50517, 51193, 51195, 51196, 51197, 51200, 54990, 54991, 54992, 54994, 54997, 60895, 61135, 62352, 62353, 62354, 62355, 62356, 64067 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13435 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 26862, "uuid": "4dc8450d889a491ebb20e724debe2dfb", "short_code": "coll", "title": "HadUK-Grid gridded and regional average climate observations for the UK", "abstract": "This Dataset Collection contains a number of different versions of the HadUK-Grid dataset, each of which present a set of gridded climate variables extending from the present back to the 19th Century. The primary purpose of these data are to facilitate monitoring of the UK climate and research into climate variability, climate change, impacts and adaptation. The Met Office uses these data for operational monitoring of the UK's climate.\r\n\r\nThe data have been interpolated from meteorological station data onto a uniform grid at 1km by 1km resolution to provide complete and consistent coverage across the UK. The 1km data set has been regridded to different resolutions and regional averages to create a collection allowing for comparison to data from UKCP18 climate projections.\r\n\r\nA new version of HadUK-Grid is released each year. The latest version is v1.3.1.ceda, released in June 2025 and containing data up to the end of 2024. A summary of previous releases can be found below. Provisional data for more recent months can be found on the Met Office web site https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadukgrid/.\r\n\r\nEach version comprises eight Datasets - gridded data at 1, 5, 12, 25 and 60 km resolution, plus three sets of area averages (UK countries, admin regions and river basins).\r\n\r\nThe earliest year of data varies by variable and has changed as more data are digitised. Currently the start years are:\r\n1836 (monthly rainfall)\r\n1884 (monthly max/mean/min air temperature)\r\n1891 (daily rainfall)\r\n1910 (monthly sunshine)\r\n1931 (daily max/min air temperature)\r\n1961 (monthly days of ground frost, relative humidity, mean sea level pressure and vapour pressure)\r\n1969 (monthly mean wind speed)\r\n1971 (monthly days of lying snow)\r\n\r\nThe grids are provided at daily (max/min air temperature and rainfall only), monthly, seasonal and annual timescales, as well as long term averages for a set of climatological reference periods.\r\n\r\nThe latest release has been created by the Met Office funded by the UK Department for Science, Innovation and Technology (DSIT).\r\n\r\nPrevious versions were created by the Met Office with financial support from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) in order to support the Public Weather Service Customer Group (PWSCG), the Hadley Centre Climate Programme, and the UK Climate Projections (UKCP18) project.\r\n\r\nFor all versions, the data recovery activity to supplement 19th and early 20th Century data availability has also been funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC grant ref: NE/L01016X/1) project \"Analysis of historic drought and water scarcity in the UK\".\r\n\r\nThe data are provided under Open Government Licence v3 (see each dataset for links to licence and associated citations to use).\r\n\r\nList of dataset versions (latest first) and key differences (each release also extends the dataset by one year):\r\n\r\nv1.3.1.ceda (1836-2024) - Daily temperature extended back to 1931 (from 1960). Historical data recovery has improved daily rainfall over Scotland for 1922-1945.\r\nv1.3.0.ceda (1836-2023) - Historical data recovery has improved daily rainfall over Scotland for 1945-1960.\r\nv1.2.0.ceda (1836-2022) - Monthly sunshine extended back to 1910 (from 1919). Incorporation of Rainfall Rescue v2.\r\nv1.1.0.0 (1836-2021) - Addition of climate averages for 1991-2020. Rainfall Rescue v1 dataset incorporated into the monthly rainfall grids which are extended back to 1836 (from 1862).\r\nv1.0.3.0 (1862-2020)\r\nv1.0.2.1 (1862-2019) - Monthly sunshine extended back to 1919 (from 1929). Historical data recovery has also improved monthly rainfall 1862-1910, daily rainfall 1891-1910 and monthly temperature 1900-1909. Correction to the grid definition for 12 km grid product to match the UKCP18 climate model products.\r\nv1.0.1.0 (1862-2018) - Addition of 5km data.\r\nv1.0.0.0 (1862-2017) - Initial release.\r\n\r\nSee the change log file for each version for further details.\r\n\r\nNote: The introduction of the '.ceda' suffix was done to highlight that CEDA is the source of these data files compared to other potential sources (e.g. the UKCP User Interface https://ukclimateprojections-ui.metoffice.gov.uk/ui/home) The data values are the same - it is the way the data are packaged that may differ between sources.\r\n\r\nEach version following the initial release is accompanied by change log files. These list new files in the version compared with the previous version plus summary totals of the number of files that remained the same, modified and removed. Links to these change logs are available in the 'Details/Docs' section of each dataset. Additionally, a summary change log file is provided which gives an overview of all changes to the data sources and processing methods since the initial release. This summary can be found in the 'Details/Docs' section below or via the individual datasets.\r\n\r\nThis collection supersedes the UKCP09 Dataset Collection and contains all datasets within the major version 1 release (i.e. v1.#.#.#). See Hollis et al. (2019; linked documentation) for details on the version numbering utilised." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211415, 211416, 211417, 211418, 211419, 211420, 211421, 211422, 211423, 211424, 211425, 211426, 211427, 211428, 211429 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92912, 92915, 92916, 92913, 92914 ] }, { "ob_id": 44210, "uuid": "896792be61a241a88bb668b5adfdb353", "title": "HadUK-Grid Climate Observations by Administrative Regions over the UK, v1.3.1.ceda (1836-2024)", "abstract": "HadUK-Grid is a collection of gridded climate variables derived from the network of UK land surface observations. The data have been interpolated from meteorological station data onto a uniform grid to provide complete and consistent coverage across the UK. These data at 1 km resolution have been averaged across a set of discrete geographies defining UK administrative regions consistent with data from UKCP18 climate projections. The dataset spans the period from 1836 to 2023 but the start time is dependent on climate variable and temporal resolution.\r\n\r\nThe gridded data are produced for daily, monthly, seasonal and annual timescales, as well as long term averages for a set of climatological reference periods. Variables include air temperature (maximum, minimum and mean), precipitation, sunshine, mean sea level pressure, wind speed, relative humidity, vapour pressure, days of snow lying, and days of ground frost.\r\n\r\nThis data set supersedes the previous versions of this dataset which also superseded UKCP09 gridded observations. Subsequent versions may be released in due course and will follow the version numbering as outlined by Hollis et al. (2019, see linked documentation).\r\n\r\nThe changes for v1.3.1.ceda HadUK-Grid datasets are as follows:\r\n\r\nChanges to the dataset\r\n* Added data for calendar year 2024\r\n* Extended the daily temperature grids back to 1931\r\n\r\nChanges to the input data\r\n* Incorporated additional daily rainfall data for 60 sites in Scotland, 1922-45\r\n* Incorporated additional monthly rainfall data for two sites - Westonbirt (1880-1951) & Ackworth School (1852-53)\r\n* Fixed a 1-day offset for sunshine duration values for six stations between 1971 and 1993\r\n* Corrected the daily rainfall data for Macclesfield, 1958-60 (the values had been stored in the wrong units)\r\n* Improved the quality control of the most recent three months of rainfall data (Oct-Dec 2024)\r\n* Removed Corpach from the wind speed grids (the station is poorly modelled - this only affects 14 months)\r\n* Reviewed the quality control flags that had been applied automatically to historical air and grass minimum temperature data. In many cases it was possible to remove the flags and this has allowed us to incorporate additional data into the grids for 1961-1997 for these variables.\r\n* Improved the business logic relating to data completeness. This affects monthly wind speed and has allowed us to re-introduce some of the data that were excluded in the previous release.\r\n\r\n* Net changes to the input station data:\r\n - Total of 131314637 observations\r\n - 126821432 (96.6%) unchanged \r\n - 105327 (0.08%) modified for this version\r\n - 4387878 (3.34%) added in this version\r\n - 44224 (0.03%) deleted from this version\r\n\r\nThe primary purpose of these data are to facilitate monitoring of UK climate and research into climate change, impacts and adaptation. The datasets have been created by the Met Office with financial support from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) in order to support the Public Weather Service Customer Group (PWSCG), the Hadley Centre Climate Programme, and the UK Climate Projections (UKCP18) project. The output from a number of data recovery activities relating to 19th and early 20th Century data have been used in the creation of this dataset, these activities were supported by: the Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme; the Natural Environment Research Council project \"Analysis of historic drought and water scarcity in the UK\"; the UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) Strategic Priorities Fund UK Climate Resilience programme; The UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Public Engagement programme; the National Centre for Atmospheric Science; National Centre for Atmospheric Science and the NERC GloSAT project; and the contribution of many thousands of public volunteers. The dataset is provided under Open Government Licence.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-27T01:59:02", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data provided by the UK Met Office for archiving in the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) archives.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "Met Office, UKCP18, BEIS, Defra, land surface, climate observations, hadobs", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-26T14:32:49", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-06-26T14:33:04", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 2307, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 1.76, "westBoundLongitude": -8.18, "southBoundLatitude": 49.86, "northBoundLatitude": 60.86 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44309, "dataPath": "/badc/ukmo-hadobs/data/insitu/MOHC/HadOBS/HadUK-Grid/v1.3.1.ceda/region/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 22164957, "numberOfFiles": 163, "fileFormat": "Data are NetCDF formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12357, "startTime": "1836-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2024-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 3946, "explanation": "Data quality control details for the HadUK-Grid version 1.0 datasets is available in section 2.2. of Hollis et al. (2019). See linked documentation for further details.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "HadUK-Grid v1.1 Data Quality Statement", "date": "2022-05-13" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 26870, "uuid": "b1b352825f5548a8bf0639afe335f5ae", "short_code": "comp", "title": "HadUK-Grid gridded climate observations methodology", "abstract": "The gridded data sets are based on the archive of UK weather observations held at the Met Office. The density of the station network used varies through time, and for different climate variables - for example, for the temperature variables the number of stations rises from about 270 in 1910s to 600 in the mid-1990s, before falling to 450 in 2006. Regression and interpolation are used to generate values on a regular grid from the irregular station network, taking into account factors such as latitude and longitude, altitude and terrain shape, coastal influence, and urban land use. This alleviates the impact of station openings and closures on homogeneity, but the impacts of a changing station network cannot be removed entirely, especially in areas of complex topography or sparse station coverage.\r\n\r\nThe methods used to generate the grids are described in more detail in a paper published by Hollis et al. (2019) https://doi.org/10.1002/gdj3.78 (see linked documentation on this record).\r\n\r\nTo help users combine the observational data sets with the UKCP18 climate projections, the 1km x 1km grid is averaged to grids at resolutions to match those of the climate projections. Each 5 x 5 km, 12 x 12 km, 25 x 25 km or 60 x 60 km grid box value is an average of the all the 1 × 1 km grid cell values that fall within it. A set of regional values for UK administrative regions, river basins and countries are calculated as the average of all 1 × 1 km grid cell values that fall within the defined geography." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 69 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 13164, "uuid": "ce252c81a7bd4717834055e31716b265", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre - Observations and Climate", "abstract": "The Met Office Hadley Centre is one of the UK's foremost climate change research centres.\r\n\r\nThe Hadley Centre produces world-class guidance on the science of climate change and provide a focus in the UK for the scientific issues associated with climate science.\r\n\r\nLargely co-funded by Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) and Defra (the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), the centre provides in-depth information to, and advise, the Government on climate science issues.\r\n\r\nAs one of the world's leading centres for climate science research, the Hadley Centre scientists make significant contributions to peer-reviewed literature and to a variety of climate science reports, including the Assessment Report of the IPCC. The Hadley Centre climate projections were the basis for the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6023, 50511, 50516, 50517, 51193, 51195, 51196, 51197, 51200, 54990, 54991, 54992, 54994, 54997, 61135, 62352, 62353, 62354, 62355, 62356, 62358, 64067 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13438 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 26862, "uuid": "4dc8450d889a491ebb20e724debe2dfb", "short_code": "coll", "title": "HadUK-Grid gridded and regional average climate observations for the UK", "abstract": "This Dataset Collection contains a number of different versions of the HadUK-Grid dataset, each of which present a set of gridded climate variables extending from the present back to the 19th Century. The primary purpose of these data are to facilitate monitoring of the UK climate and research into climate variability, climate change, impacts and adaptation. The Met Office uses these data for operational monitoring of the UK's climate.\r\n\r\nThe data have been interpolated from meteorological station data onto a uniform grid at 1km by 1km resolution to provide complete and consistent coverage across the UK. The 1km data set has been regridded to different resolutions and regional averages to create a collection allowing for comparison to data from UKCP18 climate projections.\r\n\r\nA new version of HadUK-Grid is released each year. The latest version is v1.3.1.ceda, released in June 2025 and containing data up to the end of 2024. A summary of previous releases can be found below. Provisional data for more recent months can be found on the Met Office web site https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadukgrid/.\r\n\r\nEach version comprises eight Datasets - gridded data at 1, 5, 12, 25 and 60 km resolution, plus three sets of area averages (UK countries, admin regions and river basins).\r\n\r\nThe earliest year of data varies by variable and has changed as more data are digitised. Currently the start years are:\r\n1836 (monthly rainfall)\r\n1884 (monthly max/mean/min air temperature)\r\n1891 (daily rainfall)\r\n1910 (monthly sunshine)\r\n1931 (daily max/min air temperature)\r\n1961 (monthly days of ground frost, relative humidity, mean sea level pressure and vapour pressure)\r\n1969 (monthly mean wind speed)\r\n1971 (monthly days of lying snow)\r\n\r\nThe grids are provided at daily (max/min air temperature and rainfall only), monthly, seasonal and annual timescales, as well as long term averages for a set of climatological reference periods.\r\n\r\nThe latest release has been created by the Met Office funded by the UK Department for Science, Innovation and Technology (DSIT).\r\n\r\nPrevious versions were created by the Met Office with financial support from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) in order to support the Public Weather Service Customer Group (PWSCG), the Hadley Centre Climate Programme, and the UK Climate Projections (UKCP18) project.\r\n\r\nFor all versions, the data recovery activity to supplement 19th and early 20th Century data availability has also been funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC grant ref: NE/L01016X/1) project \"Analysis of historic drought and water scarcity in the UK\".\r\n\r\nThe data are provided under Open Government Licence v3 (see each dataset for links to licence and associated citations to use).\r\n\r\nList of dataset versions (latest first) and key differences (each release also extends the dataset by one year):\r\n\r\nv1.3.1.ceda (1836-2024) - Daily temperature extended back to 1931 (from 1960). Historical data recovery has improved daily rainfall over Scotland for 1922-1945.\r\nv1.3.0.ceda (1836-2023) - Historical data recovery has improved daily rainfall over Scotland for 1945-1960.\r\nv1.2.0.ceda (1836-2022) - Monthly sunshine extended back to 1910 (from 1919). Incorporation of Rainfall Rescue v2.\r\nv1.1.0.0 (1836-2021) - Addition of climate averages for 1991-2020. Rainfall Rescue v1 dataset incorporated into the monthly rainfall grids which are extended back to 1836 (from 1862).\r\nv1.0.3.0 (1862-2020)\r\nv1.0.2.1 (1862-2019) - Monthly sunshine extended back to 1919 (from 1929). Historical data recovery has also improved monthly rainfall 1862-1910, daily rainfall 1891-1910 and monthly temperature 1900-1909. Correction to the grid definition for 12 km grid product to match the UKCP18 climate model products.\r\nv1.0.1.0 (1862-2018) - Addition of 5km data.\r\nv1.0.0.0 (1862-2017) - Initial release.\r\n\r\nSee the change log file for each version for further details.\r\n\r\nNote: The introduction of the '.ceda' suffix was done to highlight that CEDA is the source of these data files compared to other potential sources (e.g. the UKCP User Interface https://ukclimateprojections-ui.metoffice.gov.uk/ui/home) The data values are the same - it is the way the data are packaged that may differ between sources.\r\n\r\nEach version following the initial release is accompanied by change log files. These list new files in the version compared with the previous version plus summary totals of the number of files that remained the same, modified and removed. Links to these change logs are available in the 'Details/Docs' section of each dataset. Additionally, a summary change log file is provided which gives an overview of all changes to the data sources and processing methods since the initial release. This summary can be found in the 'Details/Docs' section below or via the individual datasets.\r\n\r\nThis collection supersedes the UKCP09 Dataset Collection and contains all datasets within the major version 1 release (i.e. v1.#.#.#). See Hollis et al. (2019; linked documentation) for details on the version numbering utilised." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211430, 211431, 211432, 211433, 211434, 211435, 211436, 211437, 211439, 211440, 211438, 211441, 211442, 211443, 211444 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92917, 92918, 92919, 92920, 92921, 92922 ] }, { "ob_id": 44219, "uuid": "f6b26e1ee17e43dfa296bd5225a27460", "title": "March 2015 Geomagnetic storm with SD-WACCM-X with AMIE electric potential", "abstract": "It is expected that very extreme space weather events such as geomagnetic storms will affect thermosphere. However, there are still open questions to address:\r\n• How does the thermosphere respond on a global scale to extreme solar wind forcing during geomagnetic storms?\r\n• To what extent does the global expansion of the high-latitude electric field to lower-latitudes affect the thermosphere?\r\n• Do the thermospheric parameters respond linearly to the associated increase in electric field?\r\nHere we use a specified-dynamics version of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere and ionosphere Extension (WACCM-X) nudged with NASA's ModernEra Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA2) to simulate a geomagnetic storm event that occurred in 17-18 March 2015. The model has horizontal resolution of 1.9° latitude × 2.5° longitude and 145 vertical model levels from surface up to 1.4e-10 hPa (∼500 to ∼700 km, depending on solar activity).", "creationDate": "2025-04-29T09:25:06.106745", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-04-30T15:41:28", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-04-29T09:25:06", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "WACCM-X (cesm2.2.0 version, https://escomp.github.io/CESM/versions/cesm2.2/html/downloading_cesm.html) has been successfully ported on Leeds High-performance Advance Research Computing ARC4 (arc.leeds.ac.uk). The model input files are available through svn-ccsm-inputdata.cgd.ucar.edu/trunk/inputdata, MERRA2 is obtained from\r\nhttps://data.rda.ucar.edu/d313003/1.9x2.5/2015, AMIE electric potential for March 2015 is provided by Dr Gang Lu at NCAR.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "CESM2,WACCM-X,MERRA2,Geomagnetic storm,Space Weather,electric potential", "publicationState": "preview", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "pending", "dataPublishedTime": null, "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4772, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": null, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12373, "startTime": "2015-03-17T00:00:00", "endTime": "2015-03-18T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4724, "explanation": "This is the original model output from the model simulation", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-04-29" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 44234, "uuid": "1452985364534304a927fbe84d99f1ab", "short_code": "comp", "title": "cesm2.2.0 (WACCM-X)", "abstract": "The model cesm2.2.0 (SD-WACCM-X) is used a hybrid simulation coming from a scientific released version CESM2_1_3 simulation (composet FXSD with resolution f19_f19_mg16) to produce the initialisation files on 5 March 2015. The model is nudged with MERRA2 reanalysis dataset. The simulation is from 0UTC 5 March 2015 to 0UTC 22 March 2015 from surface up to 500-700 km. Here we use CAM6 physics, MA chemistry-MAM4 aerosol scheme. It ran on ARC4 HPCx at University of Leeds. Model output is 1 hour." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 44220, "uuid": "80c021192a2b4c9aad0f0daea9d26e01", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Predicting the upper atmospheric response to extremes of space weather forcing", "abstract": "" } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211467, 211468, 211469, 211470, 211471, 211472, 211473, 211474, 211475, 211476, 211477, 211478, 211479 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92930, 92931 ] }, { "ob_id": 44223, "uuid": "c73e478afb4745d6966025049e4de53a", "title": "piClim-370 data produced by the NorESM2-LM model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the piClim-370 experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using NorESM2-LM. It contains NetCDF output for a set of experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe piClim-370 experiment is a fixed sea surface temperature (SST) experiment with 1850 SSTs and sea ice concentrations, following the RFMIP piClim experiment designs. Global anthropogenic forcing is taken from year 2050 of the ScenarioMIP SSP3-7.0 experiment. At least 30 years are requested.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nNorESM2-LM: The Norwegian Earth System Model version 2 (NorESM2) is the second generation of the coupled Earth system model (ESM) developed by the Norwegian Climate Center.\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.\r\nRFMIP: The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51.269985", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-05T01:59:23", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Three coupled transient simulations were intiliased from the end of the three historical experiment performed for CMIP6, using emission files based on ScenarioMIP. For the remaining coupled transient simulations initial condition were generated by restarting the three historical simulations at 1950 with microperturbations and restarting from the end of these simulations. \r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050.\r\n \r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": true, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-04T08:10:48", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-08-13T14:47:39", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4680, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44222, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/NCC/NorESM2-LM/piClim-370", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 16944773739, "numberOfFiles": 292, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12680, "startTime": "0003-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "0022-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4653, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 44165, "uuid": "fa98b009af3949acb8602f3a2fcc30a8", "short_code": "comp", "title": "NorESM2-LM", "abstract": "The NorESM2-LM (low atmosphere-medium ocean resolution, GHG concentration driven) climate model, released in 2017, includes the following components: \r\naerosol: OsloAero, atmos: CAM-OSLO (2 degree resolution; 144 x 96; 32 levels; top level 3 mb), atmosChem: OsloChemSimp, land: CLM, landIce: CISM, ocean: MICOM (1 degree resolution; 360 x 384; 70 levels; top grid cell minimum 0-2.5 m [native model uses hybrid density and generic upper-layer coordinate interpolated to z-level for contributed data]), ocnBgchem: HAMOCC, seaIce: CICE. \r\n\r\nFor CMIP6, the model was run by the NorESM Climate modeling Consortium consisting of CICERO (Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo 0349), MET-Norway (Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo 0313), NERSC (Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Bergen 5006), NILU (Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller 2027), UiB (University of Bergen, Bergen 5007), UiO (University of Oslo, Oslo 0313) and UNI (Uni Research, Bergen 5008), Norway. Mailing address: NCC, c/o MET-Norway, Henrik Mohns plass 1, Oslo 0313, Norway (NCC) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 250 km, landIce: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km. 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Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 7795, 9045, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50421, 50422, 50423, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50437, 50445, 50464, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50509, 50551, 50552, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50577, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50581, 50582, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50610, 52750, 52755, 54227, 54321, 54340, 54383, 54454, 54628, 54633, 54712, 54810, 54811, 54813, 54829, 60417, 60438, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71632, 71633, 71641, 71659, 71661, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71687, 71691, 71820, 79856, 79857, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79863, 79864, 79865, 80422, 82132, 82138, 82139, 82142, 82144, 82145, 82146, 83218, 83726, 84193, 84194 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13503 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44218, "uuid": "44100d99d120487284d7b778dbc76bdf", "short_code": "coll", "title": "NorESM2-LM output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using NorESM2-LM. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2059 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nThe Norwegian Earth System Model version 2 (NorESM2) is the second generation of the coupled Earth system model (ESM) developed by the Norwegian Climate Center." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211489, 211490, 211491, 211492, 211493, 211494, 211495, 211496 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92935, 92936, 92937 ] }, { "ob_id": 44224, "uuid": "e0d8098e21d34561927c9709590926a0", "title": "piClim-370-126aer data produced by the NorESM2-LM model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the piClim-370-126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using NorESM2-LM. It contains NetCDF output for a set of experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe piClim-370-126aer experiment is a fixed sea surface temperature (SST) experiment with 1850 SSTs and sea ice concentrations, following the RFMIP piClim experiment designs. Global aerosol and precursor emissions (SO2, black carbon and organic carbon) are taken from year 2050 of SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use are taken from SSP3-7.0 At least 30 years are requested.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.\r\nRFMIP: The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51.269985", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-05T01:59:33", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Three coupled transient simulations were intiliased from the end of the three historical experiment performed for CMIP6, using emission files based on ScenarioMIP. For the remaining coupled transient simulations initial condition were generated by restarting the three historical simulations at 1950 with microperturbations and restarting from the end of these simulations. \r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050.\r\n \r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": true, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-04T08:21:18", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-08-13T14:48:03", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4680, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44225, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/NCC/NorESM2-LM/piClim-370-126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 16944527435, "numberOfFiles": 292, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12680, "startTime": "0003-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "0022-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4653, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 44165, "uuid": "fa98b009af3949acb8602f3a2fcc30a8", "short_code": "comp", "title": "NorESM2-LM", "abstract": "The NorESM2-LM (low atmosphere-medium ocean resolution, GHG concentration driven) climate model, released in 2017, includes the following components: \r\naerosol: OsloAero, atmos: CAM-OSLO (2 degree resolution; 144 x 96; 32 levels; top level 3 mb), atmosChem: OsloChemSimp, land: CLM, landIce: CISM, ocean: MICOM (1 degree resolution; 360 x 384; 70 levels; top grid cell minimum 0-2.5 m [native model uses hybrid density and generic upper-layer coordinate interpolated to z-level for contributed data]), ocnBgchem: HAMOCC, seaIce: CICE. \r\n\r\nFor CMIP6, the model was run by the NorESM Climate modeling Consortium consisting of CICERO (Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo 0349), MET-Norway (Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo 0313), NERSC (Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Bergen 5006), NILU (Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller 2027), UiB (University of Bergen, Bergen 5007), UiO (University of Oslo, Oslo 0313) and UNI (Uni Research, Bergen 5008), Norway. 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It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2059 for the coupled transient simulations. 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For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe piClim-370-NAE126aer experiment is a fixed sea surface temperature (SST) experiment with 1850 SSTs and sea ice concentrations, following the RFMIP piClim experiment designs. Aerosol and precursor emissions (SO2, black carbon and organic carbon) over North America and Europe are taken from year 2050 of SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use are taken from SSP3-7.0 At least 30 years are requested. North America and Europe are the regions bounded by 20W, 45E, 35N, and 70N, and 150W, 45W, 25N and 70N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nNorESM2-LM: The Norwegian Earth System Model version 2 (NorESM2) is the second generation of the coupled Earth system model (ESM) developed by the Norwegian Climate Center.\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.\r\nRFMIP: The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51.269985", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-05T01:59:23", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Three coupled transient simulations were intiliased from the end of the three historical experiment performed for CMIP6, using emission files based on ScenarioMIP. 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Mailing address: NCC, c/o MET-Norway, Henrik Mohns plass 1, Oslo 0313, Norway (NCC) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 250 km, landIce: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km. 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Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 7795, 9045, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50421, 50422, 50423, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50437, 50445, 50464, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50509, 50551, 50552, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50577, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50581, 50582, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50610, 52750, 52755, 54227, 54321, 54340, 54383, 54454, 54628, 54633, 54712, 54810, 54811, 54813, 54829, 60417, 60438, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71632, 71633, 71641, 71659, 71661, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71687, 71691, 71820, 79856, 79857, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79863, 79864, 79865, 80422, 82132, 82138, 82139, 82142, 82144, 82145, 82146, 83218, 83726, 84193, 84194 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13505 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44218, "uuid": "44100d99d120487284d7b778dbc76bdf", "short_code": "coll", "title": "NorESM2-LM output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using NorESM2-LM. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2059 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nThe Norwegian Earth System Model version 2 (NorESM2) is the second generation of the coupled Earth system model (ESM) developed by the Norwegian Climate Center." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211505, 211506, 211507, 211508, 211509, 211510, 211511, 211512 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92941, 92942, 92943 ] }, { "ob_id": 44228, "uuid": "da3f33367a9f407ea5017c57e69f5b76", "title": "piClim-370-EAS126aer data produced by the NorESM2-LM model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the piClim-370-EAS126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using NorESM2-LM. It contains NetCDF output for a set of experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe piClim-370-EAS126aer experiment is a fixed sea surface temperature (SST) experiment with 1850 SSTs and sea ice concentrations, following the RFMIP piClim experiment designs. Aerosol and precursor emissions (SO2, black carbon and organic carbon) over East Asia are taken from year 2050 of SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use are taken from SSP3-7.0 At least 30 years are requested. East Asia is the region bounded by 95 and 133E and 20 and 53N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nNorESM2-LM: The Norwegian Earth System Model version 2 (NorESM2) is the second generation of the coupled Earth system model (ESM) developed by the Norwegian Climate Center.\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.\r\nRFMIP: The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51.269985", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-05T01:59:22", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Three coupled transient simulations were intiliased from the end of the three historical experiment performed for CMIP6, using emission files based on ScenarioMIP. For the remaining coupled transient simulations initial condition were generated by restarting the three historical simulations at 1950 with microperturbations and restarting from the end of these simulations. \r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050.\r\n \r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": true, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-04T08:13:05", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-08-13T14:49:23", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4680, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44229, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/NCC/NorESM2-LM/piClim-370-eas126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 16944521898, "numberOfFiles": 292, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12680, "startTime": "0003-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "0022-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4653, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 44165, "uuid": "fa98b009af3949acb8602f3a2fcc30a8", "short_code": "comp", "title": "NorESM2-LM", "abstract": "The NorESM2-LM (low atmosphere-medium ocean resolution, GHG concentration driven) climate model, released in 2017, includes the following components: \r\naerosol: OsloAero, atmos: CAM-OSLO (2 degree resolution; 144 x 96; 32 levels; top level 3 mb), atmosChem: OsloChemSimp, land: CLM, landIce: CISM, ocean: MICOM (1 degree resolution; 360 x 384; 70 levels; top grid cell minimum 0-2.5 m [native model uses hybrid density and generic upper-layer coordinate interpolated to z-level for contributed data]), ocnBgchem: HAMOCC, seaIce: CICE. \r\n\r\nFor CMIP6, the model was run by the NorESM Climate modeling Consortium consisting of CICERO (Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo 0349), MET-Norway (Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo 0313), NERSC (Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Bergen 5006), NILU (Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller 2027), UiB (University of Bergen, Bergen 5007), UiO (University of Oslo, Oslo 0313) and UNI (Uni Research, Bergen 5008), Norway. Mailing address: NCC, c/o MET-Norway, Henrik Mohns plass 1, Oslo 0313, Norway (NCC) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 250 km, landIce: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km. For RAMIP, the model was run by Stockholm University on the Swedish supercomputer." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 7795, 9045, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50421, 50422, 50423, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50437, 50445, 50464, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50509, 50551, 50552, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50577, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50581, 50582, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50610, 52750, 52755, 54227, 54321, 54340, 54383, 54454, 54628, 54633, 54712, 54810, 54811, 54813, 54829, 60417, 60438, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71632, 71633, 71641, 71659, 71661, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71687, 71691, 71820, 79856, 79857, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79863, 79864, 79865, 80422, 82132, 82138, 82139, 82142, 82144, 82145, 82146, 83218, 83726, 84193, 84194 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13506 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44218, "uuid": "44100d99d120487284d7b778dbc76bdf", "short_code": "coll", "title": "NorESM2-LM output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using NorESM2-LM. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2059 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nThe Norwegian Earth System Model version 2 (NorESM2) is the second generation of the coupled Earth system model (ESM) developed by the Norwegian Climate Center." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211516, 211517, 211518, 211519, 211513, 211520, 211514, 211515 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92944, 92945, 92946 ] }, { "ob_id": 44230, "uuid": "6dd4a37a1e284b6d8332a32d229ee514", "title": "piClim-370-SAS126aer data produced by the NorESM2-LM model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the piClim-370-SAS126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using NorESM2-LM. It contains NetCDF output for a set of experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe piClim-370-SAS126aer experiment is a fixed sea surface temperature (SST) experiment with 1850 SSTs and sea ice concentrations, following the RFMIP piClim experiment designs. Aerosol and precursor emissions (SO2, black carbon and organic carbon) over South Asia are taken from year 2050 of SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use are taken from SSP3-7.0 At least 30 years are requested. South Asia is the region bounded by 65 and 95E and 5 and 35N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nNorESM2-LM: The Norwegian Earth System Model version 2 (NorESM2) is the second generation of the coupled Earth system model (ESM) developed by the Norwegian Climate Center.\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.\r\nRFMIP: The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51.269985", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-05T01:59:23", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Three coupled transient simulations were intiliased from the end of the three historical experiment performed for CMIP6, using emission files based on ScenarioMIP. For the remaining coupled transient simulations initial condition were generated by restarting the three historical simulations at 1950 with microperturbations and restarting from the end of these simulations. \r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050.\r\n \r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": true, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-04T08:13:57", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-08-13T14:49:38", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4680, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44231, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/NCC/NorESM2-LM/piClim-370-sas126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 16944746998, "numberOfFiles": 292, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12680, "startTime": "0003-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "0022-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4653, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 44165, "uuid": "fa98b009af3949acb8602f3a2fcc30a8", "short_code": "comp", "title": "NorESM2-LM", "abstract": "The NorESM2-LM (low atmosphere-medium ocean resolution, GHG concentration driven) climate model, released in 2017, includes the following components: \r\naerosol: OsloAero, atmos: CAM-OSLO (2 degree resolution; 144 x 96; 32 levels; top level 3 mb), atmosChem: OsloChemSimp, land: CLM, landIce: CISM, ocean: MICOM (1 degree resolution; 360 x 384; 70 levels; top grid cell minimum 0-2.5 m [native model uses hybrid density and generic upper-layer coordinate interpolated to z-level for contributed data]), ocnBgchem: HAMOCC, seaIce: CICE. \r\n\r\nFor CMIP6, the model was run by the NorESM Climate modeling Consortium consisting of CICERO (Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo 0349), MET-Norway (Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo 0313), NERSC (Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Bergen 5006), NILU (Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller 2027), UiB (University of Bergen, Bergen 5007), UiO (University of Oslo, Oslo 0313) and UNI (Uni Research, Bergen 5008), Norway. Mailing address: NCC, c/o MET-Norway, Henrik Mohns plass 1, Oslo 0313, Norway (NCC) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 250 km, landIce: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km. For RAMIP, the model was run by Stockholm University on the Swedish supercomputer." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. 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Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 7795, 9045, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50421, 50422, 50423, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50437, 50445, 50464, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50509, 50551, 50552, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50577, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50581, 50582, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50610, 52750, 52755, 54227, 54321, 54340, 54383, 54454, 54628, 54633, 54712, 54810, 54811, 54813, 54829, 60417, 60438, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71632, 71633, 71641, 71659, 71661, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71687, 71691, 71820, 79856, 79857, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79863, 79864, 79865, 80422, 82132, 82138, 82139, 82142, 82144, 82145, 82146, 83218, 83726, 84193, 84194 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13507 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44218, "uuid": "44100d99d120487284d7b778dbc76bdf", "short_code": "coll", "title": "NorESM2-LM output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using NorESM2-LM. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2059 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nThe Norwegian Earth System Model version 2 (NorESM2) is the second generation of the coupled Earth system model (ESM) developed by the Norwegian Climate Center." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211523, 211524, 211528, 211521, 211522, 211525, 211526, 211527 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92949, 92947, 92948 ] }, { "ob_id": 44232, "uuid": "019a2b9e6e46453c9be56d9ae6cd454b", "title": "piClim-370-AFR126aer data produced by the NorESM2-LM model for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This record contains data for the piClim-370-AFR126aer experiment simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using NorESM2-LM. It contains NetCDF output for a set of experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe piClim-370-AFR126aer experiment is a fixed sea surface temperature (SST) experiment with 1850 SSTs and sea ice concentrations, following the RFMIP piClim experiment designs. Aerosol and precursor emissions (SO2, black carbon and organic carbon) over Africa and the Middle East are taken from year 2050 of SSP1-2.6, while all other anthropogenic emissions and land use are taken from SSP3-7.0 At least 30 years are requested. Africa and the Middle East is the region bounded by 20W, 60E, 35S, and 35N.\r\n\r\nThe simulations are initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiment. Anthropogenic emissions designed for the ScenarioMIP experiments SSP3-7.0 and SSP1-2.6 are used. All experiments follow SSP3-7.0, with perturbations to regional aerosol and precursor emissions using SSP1-2.6 emissions, following the RAMIP protocol. Data are provided for a subset of CMIP6 variables, following their CMIP6 definitions. Some 3D variables are produced at reduced vertical resolution compared to CMIP6. These are identified with new variable names, as set out in the RAMIP data request: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/\r\n\r\nAcronyms\r\n------------\r\nNorESM2-LM: The Norwegian Earth System Model version 2 (NorESM2) is the second generation of the coupled Earth system model (ESM) developed by the Norwegian Climate Center.\r\nSSP1-2.6: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 with low climate change mitigation and adaptation challenges and RCP2.6, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 2.6 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nSSP3-7.0: experiment based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP3 which is characterised by high challenges to both mitigation and adaptation and RCP7.0, a future pathway with a radiative forcing of 7.0 W/m2 in the year 2100.\r\nScenarioMIP: the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project simulates climate outcomes based on alternative plausible future scenarios.\r\nCMIP6: is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, a global collaboration of climate modellers.\r\nRFMIP: The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.", "creationDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51.269985", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-02-04T14:07:51", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-05T01:59:32", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Three coupled transient simulations were intiliased from the end of the three historical experiment performed for CMIP6, using emission files based on ScenarioMIP. For the remaining coupled transient simulations initial condition were generated by restarting the three historical simulations at 1950 with microperturbations and restarting from the end of these simulations. \r\n\r\nFixed sea surface temperature (piClim) simulations are copies of the piClim-aer experiment performed for RFMIP (for CMIP6), but with RAMIP emissions for 2050.\r\n \r\nThe data were post-processed after CMORization to follow CMIP6Plus naming conventions.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "aerosol, extremes, near-term projections, RAMIP", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": true, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-04T08:15:10", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-08-13T14:49:52", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4680, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44233, "dataPath": "/badc/cmip6/data/CMIP6Plus/RAMIP/NCC/NorESM2-LM/piClim-370-afr126aer", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 16946662013, "numberOfFiles": 292, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12680, "startTime": "0003-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "0022-12-31T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4653, "explanation": "Quality control checks (CEDA-CC and CF compliance) were performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) to ensure that the data meets the RAMIP and CMIP6Plus metadata requirements.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-02-04" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 44165, "uuid": "fa98b009af3949acb8602f3a2fcc30a8", "short_code": "comp", "title": "NorESM2-LM", "abstract": "The NorESM2-LM (low atmosphere-medium ocean resolution, GHG concentration driven) climate model, released in 2017, includes the following components: \r\naerosol: OsloAero, atmos: CAM-OSLO (2 degree resolution; 144 x 96; 32 levels; top level 3 mb), atmosChem: OsloChemSimp, land: CLM, landIce: CISM, ocean: MICOM (1 degree resolution; 360 x 384; 70 levels; top grid cell minimum 0-2.5 m [native model uses hybrid density and generic upper-layer coordinate interpolated to z-level for contributed data]), ocnBgchem: HAMOCC, seaIce: CICE. \r\n\r\nFor CMIP6, the model was run by the NorESM Climate modeling Consortium consisting of CICERO (Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo 0349), MET-Norway (Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo 0313), NERSC (Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Bergen 5006), NILU (Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller 2027), UiB (University of Bergen, Bergen 5007), UiO (University of Oslo, Oslo 0313) and UNI (Uni Research, Bergen 5008), Norway. Mailing address: NCC, c/o MET-Norway, Henrik Mohns plass 1, Oslo 0313, Norway (NCC) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, atmosChem: 250 km, land: 250 km, landIce: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km. For RAMIP, the model was run by Stockholm University on the Swedish supercomputer." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 230 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2519, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "restricted", "accessRoles": "ramip", "label": "restricted: ramip group", "licence": { "ob_id": 21, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/rugl_versions/rugl_v1-0.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43444, "uuid": "4680fd74cf2244ba8476ed2617e3b41f", "short_code": "proj", "title": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change.\r\n\r\nRAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6021, 6022, 6023, 7795, 9045, 50415, 50417, 50418, 50419, 50420, 50421, 50422, 50423, 50424, 50425, 50426, 50427, 50437, 50445, 50464, 50468, 50475, 50481, 50496, 50498, 50509, 50551, 50552, 50554, 50555, 50557, 50564, 50566, 50577, 50578, 50579, 50580, 50581, 50582, 50586, 50589, 50591, 50596, 50597, 50598, 50599, 50600, 50601, 50603, 50608, 50610, 52750, 52755, 54227, 54321, 54340, 54383, 54454, 54628, 54633, 54712, 54810, 54811, 54813, 54829, 60417, 60438, 62736, 71572, 71574, 71632, 71633, 71641, 71659, 71661, 71666, 71677, 71681, 71687, 71691, 71820, 79856, 79857, 79858, 79861, 79862, 79863, 79864, 79865, 80422, 82132, 82138, 82139, 82142, 82144, 82145, 82146, 83218, 83726, 84193, 84194 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13508 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 44218, "uuid": "44100d99d120487284d7b778dbc76bdf", "short_code": "coll", "title": "NorESM2-LM output prepared for the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)", "abstract": "This collection contains data for Tier 1 simulations from the Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP), produced using NorESM2-LM. It contains NetCDF output from coupled transient simulations with global aerosol reductions, and with regional aerosol reductions over Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia. It also contains NetCDF output for a set of partner experiments with anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 and fixed, pre-industrial, sea surface temperatures, sea ice extent, and land use. For a full description of the experiments, see: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4451/2023/.\r\n\r\nThe data are global, gridded data, from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2059 for the coupled transient simulations. For the simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures, global, gridded data is provided for 30 years.\r\n\r\nThe Norwegian Earth System Model version 2 (NorESM2) is the second generation of the coupled Earth system model (ESM) developed by the Norwegian Climate Center." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211529, 211530, 211531, 211532, 211533, 211534, 211535, 211536 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92950, 92951, 92952 ] }, { "ob_id": 44239, "uuid": "f06f0b7bd1404ffda0d3142f4cd166fb", "title": "CRUTEM.5.0.2.0: Climatic Research Unit (CRU) gridded near-surface air temperature anomalies over land", "abstract": "CRUTEM (Climatic Research Unit TEMperature) is a gridded dataset of global historical near-surface air temperature anomalies over land at a monthly timescale. It is a collaborative product of the Climatic Research Unit at the University of East Anglia, the Met Office Hadley Centre and the National Centre for Atmospheric Science. CRUTEM also contributes the land air temperature station data to the global (land and ocean) temperature dataset called HadCRUT.\r\n \r\nCRUTEM5 is the fifth major version of the dataset, covering the time period from 1850, with a spatial resolution of 5° latitude by 5° longitude and a monthly-mean time resolution. The gridded temperature anomaly fields are based on a compilation of monthly-mean temperature observational records from weather stations. This compilation contains 10639 station records, but only 7983 records had the necessary coverage to be used for producing the gridded dataset. Anomalies are differences from average conditions in the 1961-1990 period. Hemispheric and global mean time series of land air temperature anomalies are also provided.\r\n\r\nCRUTEM.5.0.2.0 updates the version number from CRUTEM.5.0.1.0 to maintain consistency with versioning of the HadCRUT5 data set. This update includes no changes to the CRUTEM5 processing workflow.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-05-02T01:57:26", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Daily or sub-daily measurement of near-surface air temperature at 10639 weather stations around the world.\r\nCalculation of daily and then of monthly average temperature. Calculation of monthly averages is done by data providers.\r\nCompilation by National Meteorological Services (NMS) of multiple stations, with quality control and in some cases homogeneity assessment and homogenisation.\r\nCompilation by Climatic Research Unit (CRU) of data acquired from NMS and other compilations into a global station database.\r\nQuality control and outlier identification by CRU.\r\nQuality control and outlier identification by UK Met Office of near-real time data provided by NMS via global telecommunication systems.\r\nConversion to monthly temperature anomalies (relative to each station’s normal, i.e. the temporal mean over the 1961-1990 reference period) by CRU and Met Office.\r\nGridding of the station data onto a regular grid by CRU and Met Office.\r\nCalculation of uncertainties from multiple sources that affect each grid-cell value by Met Office.\r\nCalculation of global and hemispheric means, with uncertainties from multiple sources including incomplete spatial coverage, by CRU and Met Office.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "CRUTEM, Hadley, UEA, CRU, near-surface air temperature", "publicationState": "published", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "ongoing", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-01T11:39:41", "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 1, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44240, "dataPath": "/badc/cru/data/crutem/crutem5.0.2.0", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 848557270, "numberOfFiles": 10672, "fileFormat": "The files are NetCDF4 formatted." }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12374, "startTime": "1850-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2025-01-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 3027, "explanation": "The Centre for Environmental Data Analysis have done no quality control on the data; they are as produced by the project team.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2014-09-28" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 32053, "uuid": "aa43ca4bb5b34e65b1fc8910abd58a70", "short_code": "comp", "title": "CRUTEM5 data processing deployed on Met Office computers", "abstract": "For details about the construction of the CRUTEM dataset, please refer to these papers:\r\nOsborn, T.J. and Jones, P.D., 2014: The CRUTEM4 land-surface air temperature data set: construction, previous versions and dissemination via Google Earth. Earth System Science Data 6, 61-68, doi:10.5194/essd-6-61-2014\r\nOsborn TJ, Jones PD, Lister DH, Morice CP, Simpson IR, Winn J, Hogan E and Harris IC (2020) Land surface air temperature variations across the globe updated to 2019: the CRUTEM5 dataset. Journal of Geophysical Research." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 103 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 13164, "uuid": "ce252c81a7bd4717834055e31716b265", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre - Observations and Climate", "abstract": "The Met Office Hadley Centre is one of the UK's foremost climate change research centres.\r\n\r\nThe Hadley Centre produces world-class guidance on the science of climate change and provide a focus in the UK for the scientific issues associated with climate science.\r\n\r\nLargely co-funded by Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) and Defra (the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), the centre provides in-depth information to, and advise, the Government on climate science issues.\r\n\r\nAs one of the world's leading centres for climate science research, the Hadley Centre scientists make significant contributions to peer-reviewed literature and to a variety of climate science reports, including the Assessment Report of the IPCC. The Hadley Centre climate projections were the basis for the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 6023, 9042, 9043, 31672, 31673, 50542, 50543, 60438, 85564, 85565, 85566, 85567, 85568, 86644 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 12165, "uuid": "eeabb5e1ff2140f48e76ea1ffda6bb48", "short_code": "coll", "title": "CRUTEM datasets", "abstract": "CRUTEM is a dataset derived from air temperatures near to the land surface recorded at weather stations across all continents of Earth. It has been developed and maintained by the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) since the early 1980s, with funding provided mostly by the US Department of Energy. Since the early 2000s, the Met Office Hadley Centre (MOHC) have also been involved, especially in the regular updating of the operational version of CRUTEM (current version CRUTEM5) and in the development of the CRUTEM uncertainty model. The lead scientist for most of this work was Professor Phil Jones, but for CRUTEM5 it is Professor Tim Osborn. CRUTEM has been combined with the MOHC's dataset of sea surface temperatures to provide a near-global dataset of temperatures across Earth's surface, called HadCRUT. These datasets have been widely used for assessing anthropogenic climate change." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211541, 211543, 211548, 211542, 211544, 211545, 211546, 211547, 211550, 211549, 211551, 211553, 211552, 211562, 211554, 211555, 211556, 211557, 211558, 211559, 211560, 211561 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92955, 92956, 92957 ] }, { "ob_id": 44241, "uuid": "9acc391106e7436bb2206c21c66b35d6", "title": "Cloud camera observations during the WOEST campaign -June-October 2023", "abstract": "Cloud camera images taken during the Wessex convection (WesCon) experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST) campaign during the summer of 2023. This camera layout consists of three pairs of perspective cameras, arranged in a triangle and intersecting over the Chilbolton Atmospheric Observatory, along with a pair of all-sky cameras at Chilbolton.\r\n\r\nThe ARray of Ground-based Upwards-pointing Sensors (ARGUS) cameras were deployed over June and July 2023 and were operational until the end of September 2023. The cameras were scheduled to take images every 5 seconds. These images have been compressed to mp4 files to make them easier to retrieve over the 4G network during the observation period. Each file lasts one hour. Nighttime calibration images (of the star field) are provided for each camera.\r\n\r\nThe cameras were run using code available under doi: 10.5281/zenodo.10795301", "creationDate": "2025-05-06T15:37:46.954779", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-05-06T15:39:02", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-05-22T01:57:25", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data uploaded as created by the cameras. Truncated files (due to power issues) have been repaired using known-good file headers. Data were prepared by the project team before archiving at CEDA.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "cloud,camera, argus", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-12T16:38:03", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-05-19T14:21:28.356902", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4776, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": -1.39, "westBoundLongitude": -1.5, "southBoundLatitude": 51.1, "northBoundLatitude": 51.2 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44251, "dataPath": "/badc/woest/data/imperial-argus-cameras", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 366394480981, "numberOfFiles": 45482, "fileFormat": "Mp4 and JPG" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12376, "startTime": "2023-06-07T00:00:00", "endTime": "2023-10-05T00:00:00" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4725, "explanation": "Data was collected for all periods where the cameras were operating, with some gaps due to a lack of solar power. In addition, near the start of the observation period, water ingress means that some images are blurred until the cameras were replaced. Additional notes are provided in the operation calendar.\r\n\r\nNote that cameras may occasionally drop frames. Following the identification of this issue on July 20th, the images are timestamped in the upper left corner.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-05-06" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": { "ob_id": 44242, "uuid": "2962525277a94c29a9b045e3d35f6498", "short_code": "acq", "title": "Acquisition for: Cloud camera observations during the WOEST campaign", "abstract": "Cloud camera observations during the WOEST campaign" }, "procedureComputation": null, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43720, "uuid": "d3685300168848f290dd3a9ec14cc8ac", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Wessex Convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST)", "abstract": "This project, WesCon - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST), complements the Met Office's Wessex Convection Experiment (WesCon) project by enabling frequent observations of the same turbulent structures at high resolution. In terms of moist convective turbulence, WOEST will radically advance observations of cloud dynamics by tracking precipitating cores of convective clouds and the turbulent regions embedded within them in real-time using four dual-polarisation Doppler radars. The radar scans will also be coordinated with the FAAM aircraft location to enable coincident observations. In terms of boundary-layer turbulence and variability, their evolution will be captured uniquely by multiple UAS, which will be coordinated to capture hourly profiles of temperature, humidity, and winds to study the small-scale variability in the lowest 2km of the atmosphere. Additionally, an array of cloud cameras will be used to reconstruct the 3D motion and evolution of boundary-layer clouds, to be related to the turbulent and dynamic evolution of the boundary layer as measured by remote sensing instruments such as lidar (to measure cloud bases and humidity profiles) and wind profilers.\r\n\r\nThe observations gathered in WOEST will capture turbulent processes in the atmosphere at a range of fine spatial and temporal scales. Our multi-instrument approach will enable us to evaluate simulations of turbulence and dynamics in convective clouds and how the structure and evolution of the boundary layer influence moist convective turbulence at a range of scales, including at the process-level relating turbulence to the strength and size of updrafts. This will lead to a new understanding of the variability and evolution of the boundary layer in the context of the surrounding cloud field and the variability of turbulence and cloud dynamics. Such insights should lead to significant improvements within the sub-grid turbulence parametrisations that allow both km-scale global weather and climate simulations and sub-km-scale regional weather forecasts to more accurately predict the evolution and intensity of hazardous convective storms." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 84151, 84152, 84153, 84154, 84155, 84156, 84157, 84158, 84159, 84160, 84161, 84162, 84163, 84164, 84165, 84166, 84167, 84168, 84169, 84170, 84171, 84172, 84173, 84174, 84175, 84176, 84177, 84178, 84179, 84180, 84181, 84182, 84183, 84184, 84185, 84186, 84187, 84188, 84189, 84190, 84191 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13390 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 43875, "uuid": "36756ff1928f4a1684902b470cda774e", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST)", "abstract": "A collection of groundbased and airborne datasets gathered to capture turbulent processes in the atmosphere at a range of fine spatial and temporal scales for the Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST) project during summer 2023. This multi-instrument collection is used to evaluate simulations of turbulence and dynamics in convective clouds and how the structure and evolution of the boundary layer influences moist convective turbulence at a range of scales." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211576, 211577, 211578, 211579, 211580, 211574, 211615, 211582, 211581 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92966, 92967 ] }, { "ob_id": 44243, "uuid": "306246329ae04eb3b2299446d911530a", "title": "CLASSnmat version 2: monthly, global, gridded night marine air temperature data", "abstract": "Climate Linked Atlantic Sector Science (CLASS)nmat is a global dataset of monthly mean night marine air temperature (NMAT) that is produced on a 5° latitude by 5° longitude regular grid and covers the period since 1880.\r\n\r\nThe temperature values are taken from version 3.0.0 of the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) for the period 1880-2014 and from version 3.0.2 of ICOADS thereafter. The in situ air temperature readings recorded between one hour after sunset and one hour after sunrise have been extracted from ICOADS and the ship data have been adjusted to reduce the effects of varying thermometer heights. The data have been adjusted from their respective recording heights to each of three reference heights: 2m, 10m and 20m. The air temperature readings have been subjected to a quality-control procedure and then the values have been aggregated to form gridded averages, with corresponding uncertainty estimates.\r\n\r\nThis dataset has been developed under the following NERC-funded projects: GloSAT (NE/S015647/2), CLASS (NE/R015953/1) and AtlantiS (NE/Y005589/1).", "creationDate": "2025-05-06T19:12:00.188392", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-05-06T19:13:34", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-05-14T16:58:04", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "In version 2 of CLASSnmat the following changes have been made to the construction of the dataset:\r\n- Ship Data from additional sources to ICOADS have been used\r\n- A refined Quality Control (QC) procedure has been used\r\n– An ensemble version of the Cornes et al. (2020) error model has been developed to produce a 200-member ensemble dataset\r\n\r\nDetails of these changes are documented in Morice et al. (2024).\r\n\t\r\nData were produced by the project team and supplied for archiving at the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "CLASS,temperature,marine,global", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "ongoing", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-09T11:14:22", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-05-14T15:13:23.806341", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4777, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44247, "dataPath": "/badc/deposited2025/Classnmat_v2", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 9619584318, "numberOfFiles": 3864, "fileFormat": "Data are NetCDF formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12378, "startTime": "1880-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": null }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4726, "explanation": "", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-05-06" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 30639, "uuid": "9058edd550624de69a8b2a882d11b65c", "short_code": "comp", "title": "CLASSnmat: a monthly, global, gridded night marine air temperature data", "abstract": "The temperature values are taken from version 3.0.0 of the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) for the period 1880-2014 and from version 3.0.2 of ICOADS thereafter. The in situ air temperature readings recorded between one hour after sunset and one hour after sunrise have been extracted from ICOADS and the ship data have been adjusted to reduce the effects of varying thermometer heights. The data have been adjusted from their respective recording heights to each of three reference heights: 2m, 10m and 20m. The air temperature readings have been subjected to a quality-control procedure and values that fail these tests have been excluded. Duplicate values have also been excluded. Additional adjustments have been applied to the data during the Second World War to account for non-standard thermometer exposures on some ships.\r\nThe adjusted data have been aggregated into monthly mean values in each grid-cell; uncertainty estimates of these gridded values are also provided. The data have not been interpolated across missing grid boxes. 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We aim to address key knowledge gaps in our understanding of ocean variability, climate regulation and ocean services, and to assess how the ocean will evolve as a result of climate change and intensified human exploitation." }, { "ob_id": 44102, "uuid": "528e0655f87d4e1a8a98993befb0e685", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Global Surface Air Temperature (GloSAT)", "abstract": "The goal of the GloSAT project was to develop, extend and analyse a consistent record of observed global surface temperatures to help scientists better understand how the Earth's climate has changed since the late 18th century. GloSAT developed a temperature record based on in situ air temperature observations over land and ocean. Prior instrumental records of global mean surface temperature change combine air temperature over land and terrestrial ice-covered regions with sea surface temperature readings, typically with start dates around the mid-19th century. GloSAT extends the instrumental global temperature record further back to the late 18th century through use of marine air temperature measurements, combined with improved understanding of measurement uncertainties affecting land and ocean data." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 29133, 29134, 29135, 29136, 31690, 31691, 31692, 31693, 50542, 50543, 60438, 70766, 70767, 70775, 75959, 82244 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13383 ], "observationcollection_set": [], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211584, 211585, 211586, 211587, 211588, 211589, 211621, 211624, 211622, 211623 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92969, 92970 ] }, { "ob_id": 44244, "uuid": "e6251bf935304cfbb9c9269dc7757a35", "title": "GloSATMAT: monthly, global, gridded marine air temperature data", "abstract": "GloSATMAT is a global dataset of monthly mean marine air temperature that is produced on a 5° latitude by 5° longitude regular grid and covers the period since 1784.\r\n\r\nThe temperature values are taken from version 3.0.0 of the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) for the period 1784-2014 and from version 3.0.2 of ICOADS thereafter. The in situ air temperature readings have been extracted from ICOADS and the ship data have been adjusted to reduce the effects of varying thermometer heights and to remove artificial diurnal heating biases. The data have been adjusted from their respective recording heights to a reference height of 2m. The air temperature readings have been subjected to a quality-control procedure and then the values have been aggregated to form gridded averages, with corresponding uncertainty estimates.\r\n\r\nThis dataset has been developed under the following NERC-funded projects: GloSAT (NE/S015647/2), CLASS (NE/R015953/1) and AtlantiS (NE/Y005589/1).", "creationDate": "2025-05-06T19:22:04.468355", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-05-06T19:22:59", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-05-14T16:58:04", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "This dataset uses the same data processing as used in CLASSnmat v2. However, a diurnal adjustment has been applied to the data (after Cropper et al. 2023) that enables all-hours observations to be used (as opposed to nighttime-only in CLASSnmat). This allows the dataset to extend back to 1784.\r\n\r\nDetails of the data processing are documented in Morice et al. (2024).", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "Marine,Temperature,Climate", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "ongoing", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-14T14:47:12", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-05-14T15:13:13.751960", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4779, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44250, "dataPath": "/badc/deposited2025/GloSAT/GloSATMAT", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 2607396718, "numberOfFiles": 3099, "fileFormat": "NetCDF" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12380, "startTime": "1781-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": null }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4728, "explanation": "The same quality control procedure as used in CLASSnmat v2 have been applied to these data, with details provided in Morice et al. (2024)", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-05-08" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 44252, "uuid": "ed655ef13f64459e8665436a7661dcd6", "short_code": "comp", "title": "GloSATMAT computation", "abstract": "The temperature values are taken from version 3.0.0 of the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) for the period 1880-2014 and from version 3.0.2 of ICOADS thereafter. The ship data have been adjusted to reduce the effects of varying thermometer heights and the effects of artificial heating biases. The data have been adjusted from their respective recording heights to a reference height of 2m. The air temperature readings have been subjected to a quality-control procedure and values that fail these tests have been excluded. Duplicate values have also been excluded. Additional adjustments have been applied to the data during the Second World War to account for non-standard thermometer exposures on some ships.\r\n\r\nThe adjusted data have been aggregated into monthly mean values in each grid-cell; uncertainty estimates of these gridded values are also provided. The data have not been interpolated across missing grid boxes. 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GloSAT developed a temperature record based on in situ air temperature observations over land and ocean. Prior instrumental records of global mean surface temperature change combine air temperature over land and terrestrial ice-covered regions with sea surface temperature readings, typically with start dates around the mid-19th century. GloSAT extends the instrumental global temperature record further back to the late 18th century through use of marine air temperature measurements, combined with improved understanding of measurement uncertainties affecting land and ocean data." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 29133, 29134, 29135, 29136, 31690, 31691, 31692, 31693, 50542, 50543, 60438, 70766, 70767, 70775, 75959, 83974 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13382 ], "observationcollection_set": [], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211591, 211592, 211593, 211594, 211595, 211596, 211617, 211620, 211618, 211619 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92973, 92971, 92972 ] }, { "ob_id": 44259, "uuid": "71dfc9ee866c400b930a9f35e12eb8ee", "title": "Seasonal Mean, Minimum and Maximum Central England Temperature (HadCET) series v2.0.1.0", "abstract": "The Central England Temperature (HadCET) seasonal series starts in 1659 for mean temperature and 1878 for minimum and maximum temperature.\r\n\r\nThese historical temperature series are representative of the Midlands region in England, UK (a roughly triangular area of the United Kingdom enclosed by Bristol, Lancashire and London).\r\n \r\nThe seasonal temperature series are derived as the mean of the monthly temperature series values.\r\n\r\nStations used in the construction of the CET daily series between 1772 and 1852 include: Kennington, Crane Court, Lyndon Hall, Syon House, Somerset House, Greenwich Observatory, Chiswick\r\n \r\nStations used in the construction of the CET daily series from 1853 onwards include: Radcliffe (Oxford), Cambridge (legacy), Ross-on-Wye, Rothamsted, Malvern, Stonyhurst, Ringway, Squires Gate, Pershore College\r\n \r\nThe current station selection used is Rothamsted, Stonyhurst and Pershore College.\r\n \r\nThe dataset is compiled by the Met Office Hadley Centre.\r\n\r\nLatest provisional release data are available via the Hadley Centre Observations website (https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcet/data/download.html)", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-18T01:55:55", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The HadCET dataset is produced by the Met Office Hadley Centre and frequently updated on the Hadley Centre observations datasets webpage. This is a finalised version of the dataset that has been delivered by the Met Office Hadley Centre for long-term archiving at the NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "HadCET, temperature, Hadley, Met Office", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "superseded", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-05T11:15:39", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-06-05T11:15:42.317002", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 2, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 1.0, "westBoundLongitude": -4.0, "southBoundLatitude": 51.0, "northBoundLatitude": 54.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44266, "dataPath": "/badc/ukmo-cet/data/v2.0.1.0/seasonal/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 68383, "numberOfFiles": 7, "fileFormat": "Data are BADC-CSV formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12408, "startTime": "1659-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2023-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4, "explanation": "Data is quality-controlled by the Met Office.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2014-01-28" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": null, "procedureCompositeProcess": { "ob_id": 43874, "uuid": "5ade1276557240b18823adae67c07991", "short_code": "cmppr", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre CET v2 data process", "abstract": "Met Office Hadley Centre CET v2 data process" }, "imageDetails": [ 157 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2526, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "public", "accessRoles": null, "label": "public: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 13164, "uuid": "ce252c81a7bd4717834055e31716b265", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre - Observations and Climate", "abstract": "The Met Office Hadley Centre is one of the UK's foremost climate change research centres.\r\n\r\nThe Hadley Centre produces world-class guidance on the science of climate change and provide a focus in the UK for the scientific issues associated with climate science.\r\n\r\nLargely co-funded by Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) and Defra (the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), the centre provides in-depth information to, and advise, the Government on climate science issues.\r\n\r\nAs one of the world's leading centres for climate science research, the Hadley Centre scientists make significant contributions to peer-reviewed literature and to a variety of climate science reports, including the Assessment Report of the IPCC. The Hadley Centre climate projections were the basis for the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 76324, 76325, 76326, 76327, 76328, 76329, 76330, 76331, 76332, 76333, 76334, 76335, 76336, 76337, 76338, 76339, 76340, 76341 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13409 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 43588, "uuid": "f1e8696c6d5746e694fde4d6022e5a36", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre Central England Temperature (HadCET) All Versions Collection", "abstract": "The Central England Temperature (CET) series is the longest available instrumental record of temperature in the world, with the monthly mean temperature extending back to 1659 and the daily mean temperature series extending back to 1772. The daily and monthly minimum and maximum temperature series extend back to 1878.\r\n\r\nThese historical temperature series have been constructed to provide a long running temperature record for the Central England region, a roughly triangular area of the United Kingdom enclosed by Somerset, Lancashire and London. The CET value is then calculated as an average of the recorded temperatures for a few stations which are selected as representative of the region as a whole. Although the selected stations have changed over time, due primarily to station closures, the series is homogenised to ensure that it remains consistent.\r\n\r\nStations used in the construction of the CET series between 1772 and 1852 include: Kennington, Crane Court, Lyndon Hall, Syon House, Somerset House, Greenwich Observatory, Chiswick.\r\n\r\nStations used in the construction of the CET series from 1853 onwards include: Radcliffe (Oxford), Cambridge (legacy), Ross-on-Wye, Rothamsted, Malvern, Stonyhurst, Ringway, Squires Gate, Pershore College.\r\n\r\nGordon Manley (1953, 1974) compiled most of the monthly series from 1659 to 1973, and the mean temperature series is adjusted up to 1973 to align with Manley's recorded daily mean temperature values. The series data were updated to 1991 by Parker et al (1992) and comprise the V2 series which is updated with the latest values. For latest updates please see Legg et al (2025).\r\n\r\nAfter 1973, the series is adjusted to extend the alignment with Manley's series. Further adjustments are applied to homogenise the current station selection to that used by Manley as well as to account for urbanisation.\r\n\r\nThe version controlled CET series is updated annually (February-March), with the previous complete year’s values refreshed to ensure that data acquisition and quality control procedures have been completed and ensure the most accurate station temperature values are used. Each version of the dataset will include data up until the end of the previous complete year and an incremental version number will be updated.\r\n\r\nThe CET datasets employ the following version control protocol: \r\n\r\nVersion Vx.y.z.a:\r\n• x – major changes – e.g. change in scientific methodology\r\n• y – minor changes – e.g. small bug fixes or updates to diagnostics pages\r\n• z – incremental changes\r\n• a – reserved for use internally\r\n\r\nThe standard annual release cycle of CET will constitute an incremental release (z). However, if more substantial\r\nchanges have been made to the codebase, scientific methodology or source data values, then this may warrant a minor (y) or major (x) version release. (Note, these are applied to a cohort of datasets together - i.e. apply to the seasonal, monthly, daily and adjustment datasets as a coordinated version release).\r\n\r\nThis new version of the datasets will supersede the previous version.\r\n\r\nA provisional version of the CET series, with recent data up to the previous day, is available for download on the Met Office Hadley Centre webpage: https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcet/data/download.html . Link also available in the list of online resources on this record.\r\n\r\nNote: the v1.0.0.0 datasets within the collection on the CEDA archive were originally pulled over monthly from the Met Office Hadley Centre website on a monthly basis until the end of July 2022." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211641, 211642, 211640, 211646, 211643, 211644, 211645, 211639 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 92994, 92995, 92996, 92997, 92998, 92999, 93000, 93001, 93002, 93168 ] }, { "ob_id": 44260, "uuid": "0f81ad59f9e94cc4b038dd483ac29797", "title": "Monthly Mean, Minimum and Maximum Central England Temperature (HadCET) series v2.0.1.0", "abstract": "The Central England Temperature (HadCET) monthly series start in 1659 for mean temperature and 1878 for minimum and maximum temperature.\r\n\r\nThese historical temperature series are representative of the Midlands region in England, UK (a roughly triangular area of the United Kingdom enclosed by Bristol, Lancashire and London).\r\n \r\nThe monthly temperature series are derived as the mean of the daily temperature series values.\r\n \r\nFor mean temperature, the monthly values from 1659 to 1771 are derived directly from Gordon Manley's monthly mean values.\r\n\r\nStations used in the construction of the CET daily series between 1772 and 1852 include: Kennington, Crane Court, Lyndon Hall, Syon House, Somerset House, Greenwich Observatory, Chiswick\r\n \r\nStations used in the construction of the CET daily series from 1853 onwards include: Radcliffe (Oxford), Cambridge (legacy), Ross-on-Wye, Rothamsted, Malvern, Stonyhurst, Ringway, Squires Gate, Pershore College\r\n \r\nThe current station selection used is Rothamsted, Stonyhurst and Pershore College.\r\n \r\nThe dataset is compiled by the Met Office Hadley Centre.\r\n\r\nLatest provisional release data are available via the Hadley Centre Observations website (https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcet/data/download.html)", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-18T01:55:54", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The HadCET dataset is produced by the Met Office Hadley Centre and frequently updated on the Hadley Centre observations datasets webpage. This is a finalised version of the dataset that has been delivered by the Met Office Hadley Centre for long-term archiving at the NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "HadCET, temperature, Hadley, Met Office", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "superseded", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-05T11:06:04", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-06-05T11:06:16.409869", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 2, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 1.0, "westBoundLongitude": -4.0, "southBoundLatitude": 51.0, "northBoundLatitude": 54.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44264, "dataPath": "/badc/ukmo-cet/data/v2.0.1.0/monthly/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 151349, "numberOfFiles": 7, "fileFormat": "Data are BADC-CSV formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12407, "startTime": "1659-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2023-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4, "explanation": "Data is quality-controlled by the Met Office.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2014-01-28" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": null, "procedureCompositeProcess": { "ob_id": 43874, "uuid": "5ade1276557240b18823adae67c07991", "short_code": "cmppr", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre CET v2 data process", "abstract": "Met Office Hadley Centre CET v2 data process" }, "imageDetails": [ 157 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2526, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "public", "accessRoles": null, "label": "public: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 13164, "uuid": "ce252c81a7bd4717834055e31716b265", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre - Observations and Climate", "abstract": "The Met Office Hadley Centre is one of the UK's foremost climate change research centres.\r\n\r\nThe Hadley Centre produces world-class guidance on the science of climate change and provide a focus in the UK for the scientific issues associated with climate science.\r\n\r\nLargely co-funded by Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) and Defra (the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), the centre provides in-depth information to, and advise, the Government on climate science issues.\r\n\r\nAs one of the world's leading centres for climate science research, the Hadley Centre scientists make significant contributions to peer-reviewed literature and to a variety of climate science reports, including the Assessment Report of the IPCC. The Hadley Centre climate projections were the basis for the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 76324, 76327, 76331, 76333, 76335, 76339, 76342, 76343, 76344, 76345, 76346, 76347, 76348, 76349, 76350, 76351, 76352, 76353, 76354, 76355, 76356, 76357, 76358, 76359, 76360, 76361, 76362, 76363, 76364, 76365, 76366, 76367, 76368, 76369, 76370, 76371, 76372, 76373, 76374, 76375, 76376, 76377 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13403 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 43588, "uuid": "f1e8696c6d5746e694fde4d6022e5a36", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre Central England Temperature (HadCET) All Versions Collection", "abstract": "The Central England Temperature (CET) series is the longest available instrumental record of temperature in the world, with the monthly mean temperature extending back to 1659 and the daily mean temperature series extending back to 1772. The daily and monthly minimum and maximum temperature series extend back to 1878.\r\n\r\nThese historical temperature series have been constructed to provide a long running temperature record for the Central England region, a roughly triangular area of the United Kingdom enclosed by Somerset, Lancashire and London. The CET value is then calculated as an average of the recorded temperatures for a few stations which are selected as representative of the region as a whole. Although the selected stations have changed over time, due primarily to station closures, the series is homogenised to ensure that it remains consistent.\r\n\r\nStations used in the construction of the CET series between 1772 and 1852 include: Kennington, Crane Court, Lyndon Hall, Syon House, Somerset House, Greenwich Observatory, Chiswick.\r\n\r\nStations used in the construction of the CET series from 1853 onwards include: Radcliffe (Oxford), Cambridge (legacy), Ross-on-Wye, Rothamsted, Malvern, Stonyhurst, Ringway, Squires Gate, Pershore College.\r\n\r\nGordon Manley (1953, 1974) compiled most of the monthly series from 1659 to 1973, and the mean temperature series is adjusted up to 1973 to align with Manley's recorded daily mean temperature values. The series data were updated to 1991 by Parker et al (1992) and comprise the V2 series which is updated with the latest values. For latest updates please see Legg et al (2025).\r\n\r\nAfter 1973, the series is adjusted to extend the alignment with Manley's series. Further adjustments are applied to homogenise the current station selection to that used by Manley as well as to account for urbanisation.\r\n\r\nThe version controlled CET series is updated annually (February-March), with the previous complete year’s values refreshed to ensure that data acquisition and quality control procedures have been completed and ensure the most accurate station temperature values are used. Each version of the dataset will include data up until the end of the previous complete year and an incremental version number will be updated.\r\n\r\nThe CET datasets employ the following version control protocol: \r\n\r\nVersion Vx.y.z.a:\r\n• x – major changes – e.g. change in scientific methodology\r\n• y – minor changes – e.g. small bug fixes or updates to diagnostics pages\r\n• z – incremental changes\r\n• a – reserved for use internally\r\n\r\nThe standard annual release cycle of CET will constitute an incremental release (z). However, if more substantial\r\nchanges have been made to the codebase, scientific methodology or source data values, then this may warrant a minor (y) or major (x) version release. (Note, these are applied to a cohort of datasets together - i.e. apply to the seasonal, monthly, daily and adjustment datasets as a coordinated version release).\r\n\r\nThis new version of the datasets will supersede the previous version.\r\n\r\nA provisional version of the CET series, with recent data up to the previous day, is available for download on the Met Office Hadley Centre webpage: https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcet/data/download.html . Link also available in the list of online resources on this record.\r\n\r\nNote: the v1.0.0.0 datasets within the collection on the CEDA archive were originally pulled over monthly from the Met Office Hadley Centre website on a monthly basis until the end of July 2022." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211652, 211653, 211654, 211647, 211648, 211649, 211650, 211651 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 93003, 93004, 93005, 93006, 93007, 93008, 93009, 93010, 93011, 93169 ] }, { "ob_id": 44261, "uuid": "aad24c247c1b4c6e97686b1f3ea372af", "title": "Mean, Minimum and Maximum Central England Temperature (HadCET) series post 1973 static adjustments, v2.0.1.0", "abstract": "The Central England Temperature (HadCET) daily mean series is anchored to Gordon Manley’s original temperature record prior to 1973. Between 1848 and 1878, adjustments are applied to account for periods when only a single station was in use.\r\n\r\nThese historical temperature series are representative of the Midlands region in England, UK (a roughly triangular area of the United Kingdom enclosed by Bristol, Lancashire and London).\r\n \r\nFrom 1973 onwards, multiple adjustments ensure continuity with Manley’s series, homogenise the current station selection with Manley’s original dataset, and correct for the effects of increasing urbanisation.\r\n \r\nThese static adjustments are calculated on a monthly basis and are applied uniformly to all daily values within each month from 1973 to the present. \r\n \r\nUrbanisation adjustments remain static from November 2004 onward, while adjustments between 1974 and October 2004 are graded to reflect a progressive increase in urbanisation effects over time.\r\n \r\nThis dataset contains the post-Manley extended adjustments, station homogenisation adjustments, and static urban corrections.\r\n\r\nStations used in the construction of the CET daily series between 1772 and 1852 include: Kennington, Crane Court, Lyndon Hall, Syon House, Somerset House, Greenwich Observatory, Chiswick\r\n \r\nStations used in the construction of the CET daily series from 1853 onwards include: Radcliffe (Oxford), Cambridge (legacy), Ross-on-Wye, Rothamsted, Malvern, Stonyhurst, Ringway, Squires Gate, Pershore College\r\n \r\nThe current station selection used is Rothamsted, Stonyhurst and Pershore College.\r\n\r\nThe dataset is compiled by the Met Office Hadley Centre.\r\n\r\nLatest provisional release data are available via the Hadley Centre Observations website (https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcet/data/download.html)", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-18T01:55:54", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The HadCET dataset is produced by the Met Office Hadley Centre and frequently updated on the Hadley Centre observations datasets webpage. This is a finalised version of the dataset that has been delivered by the Met Office Hadley Centre for long-term archiving at the NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "HadCET, temperature, Hadley, Met Office", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "superseded", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-05T11:14:10", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-06-05T11:14:11.029618", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 2, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 1.0, "westBoundLongitude": -4.0, "southBoundLatitude": 51.0, "northBoundLatitude": 54.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44265, "dataPath": "/badc/ukmo-cet/data/v2.0.1.0/adjustments/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 16171, "numberOfFiles": 8, "fileFormat": "Data are BADC-CSV formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12406, "startTime": "1878-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2023-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4, "explanation": "Data is quality-controlled by the Met Office.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2014-01-28" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 43872, "uuid": "9fdd3f704cfa4e0d8575decd494fb038", "short_code": "comp", "title": "Static adjustment process applied to Hadley Centre Central England Temperature Version 2 Data", "abstract": "A series of adjustments and homogenisations are applied to station data to correct for urbanisation and alignment to the station selection described in Manley 1974. See Legg et al. (2025) for a full description of these processes and adjustments applied. References are available as online references on this record." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 157 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2526, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "public", "accessRoles": null, "label": "public: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 13164, "uuid": "ce252c81a7bd4717834055e31716b265", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre - Observations and Climate", "abstract": "The Met Office Hadley Centre is one of the UK's foremost climate change research centres.\r\n\r\nThe Hadley Centre produces world-class guidance on the science of climate change and provide a focus in the UK for the scientific issues associated with climate science.\r\n\r\nLargely co-funded by Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) and Defra (the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), the centre provides in-depth information to, and advise, the Government on climate science issues.\r\n\r\nAs one of the world's leading centres for climate science research, the Hadley Centre scientists make significant contributions to peer-reviewed literature and to a variety of climate science reports, including the Assessment Report of the IPCC. The Hadley Centre climate projections were the basis for the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 57649, 76378, 76379, 76380, 76381, 76382, 76383, 76384, 76385, 76386, 76387, 76388, 76389, 76390, 76391 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13406 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 43588, "uuid": "f1e8696c6d5746e694fde4d6022e5a36", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre Central England Temperature (HadCET) All Versions Collection", "abstract": "The Central England Temperature (CET) series is the longest available instrumental record of temperature in the world, with the monthly mean temperature extending back to 1659 and the daily mean temperature series extending back to 1772. The daily and monthly minimum and maximum temperature series extend back to 1878.\r\n\r\nThese historical temperature series have been constructed to provide a long running temperature record for the Central England region, a roughly triangular area of the United Kingdom enclosed by Somerset, Lancashire and London. The CET value is then calculated as an average of the recorded temperatures for a few stations which are selected as representative of the region as a whole. Although the selected stations have changed over time, due primarily to station closures, the series is homogenised to ensure that it remains consistent.\r\n\r\nStations used in the construction of the CET series between 1772 and 1852 include: Kennington, Crane Court, Lyndon Hall, Syon House, Somerset House, Greenwich Observatory, Chiswick.\r\n\r\nStations used in the construction of the CET series from 1853 onwards include: Radcliffe (Oxford), Cambridge (legacy), Ross-on-Wye, Rothamsted, Malvern, Stonyhurst, Ringway, Squires Gate, Pershore College.\r\n\r\nGordon Manley (1953, 1974) compiled most of the monthly series from 1659 to 1973, and the mean temperature series is adjusted up to 1973 to align with Manley's recorded daily mean temperature values. The series data were updated to 1991 by Parker et al (1992) and comprise the V2 series which is updated with the latest values. For latest updates please see Legg et al (2025).\r\n\r\nAfter 1973, the series is adjusted to extend the alignment with Manley's series. Further adjustments are applied to homogenise the current station selection to that used by Manley as well as to account for urbanisation.\r\n\r\nThe version controlled CET series is updated annually (February-March), with the previous complete year’s values refreshed to ensure that data acquisition and quality control procedures have been completed and ensure the most accurate station temperature values are used. Each version of the dataset will include data up until the end of the previous complete year and an incremental version number will be updated.\r\n\r\nThe CET datasets employ the following version control protocol: \r\n\r\nVersion Vx.y.z.a:\r\n• x – major changes – e.g. change in scientific methodology\r\n• y – minor changes – e.g. small bug fixes or updates to diagnostics pages\r\n• z – incremental changes\r\n• a – reserved for use internally\r\n\r\nThe standard annual release cycle of CET will constitute an incremental release (z). However, if more substantial\r\nchanges have been made to the codebase, scientific methodology or source data values, then this may warrant a minor (y) or major (x) version release. (Note, these are applied to a cohort of datasets together - i.e. apply to the seasonal, monthly, daily and adjustment datasets as a coordinated version release).\r\n\r\nThis new version of the datasets will supersede the previous version.\r\n\r\nA provisional version of the CET series, with recent data up to the previous day, is available for download on the Met Office Hadley Centre webpage: https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcet/data/download.html . Link also available in the list of online resources on this record.\r\n\r\nNote: the v1.0.0.0 datasets within the collection on the CEDA archive were originally pulled over monthly from the Met Office Hadley Centre website on a monthly basis until the end of July 2022." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211655, 211656, 211657, 211658, 211660, 211661, 211662, 211659 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 93018, 93012, 93013, 93019, 93014, 93015, 93016, 93017, 93170 ] }, { "ob_id": 44262, "uuid": "4b541f71524244c5a19f7d8321b5563d", "title": "Daily Mean, Minimum and Maximum Central England Temperature (HadCET) series v2.0.1.0", "abstract": "The Central England Temperature (HadCET) daily series start in 1772 for mean temperature and 1878 for minimum and maximum temperature.\r\n \r\nThese historical temperature series are representative of the Midlands region in England, UK (a roughly triangular area of the United Kingdom enclosed by Bristol, Lancashire and London).\r\n \r\nPrior to 1973, the daily mean temperature series is anchored to the mean temperature series constructed by Gordon Manley, with the daily minimum and maximum temperature series adjusted to the mean temperature series to ensure values are consistent.\r\n \r\nAlthough the station selection has changed through time, the series is homogenised and adjusted to ensure consistency with Manley's selection and for periods when only a single station value was used.\r\n \r\nStations used in the construction of the CET daily series between 1772 and 1852 include: Kennington, Crane Court, Lyndon Hall, Syon House, Somerset House, Greenwich Observatory, Chiswick\r\n \r\nStations used in the construction of the CET daily series from 1853 onwards include: Radcliffe (Oxford), Cambridge (legacy), Ross-on-Wye, Rothamsted, Malvern, Stonyhurst, Ringway, Squires Gate, Pershore College\r\n \r\nThe current station selection used is Rothamsted, Stonyhurst and Pershore College.\r\n \r\nFor more information on the change in station selection, please refer to the papers supplied with the data collection.\r\n \r\nThe dataset is compiled by the Met Office Hadley Centre.\r\n\r\nLatest provisional release data are available via the Hadley Centre Observations website (https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcet/data/download.html)", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-18T01:55:55", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The HadCET dataset is produced by the Met Office Hadley Centre and frequently updated on the Hadley Centre observations datasets webpage. This is a finalised version of the dataset that has been delivered by the Met Office Hadley Centre for long-term archiving at the NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "HadCET, temperature, Hadley, Met Office", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "superseded", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-05T11:08:33", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-06-05T11:10:26.424985", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 2, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 1.0, "westBoundLongitude": -4.0, "southBoundLatitude": 51.0, "northBoundLatitude": 54.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44263, "dataPath": "/badc/ukmo-cet/data/v2.0.1.0/daily/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 3088017, "numberOfFiles": 4, "fileFormat": "Data are BADC-CSV formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12405, "startTime": "1772-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2023-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4, "explanation": "Data is quality-controlled by the Met Office.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2014-01-28" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": null, "procedureCompositeProcess": { "ob_id": 43874, "uuid": "5ade1276557240b18823adae67c07991", "short_code": "cmppr", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre CET v2 data process", "abstract": "Met Office Hadley Centre CET v2 data process" }, "imageDetails": [ 157 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2526, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "public", "accessRoles": null, "label": "public: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 13164, "uuid": "ce252c81a7bd4717834055e31716b265", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre - Observations and Climate", "abstract": "The Met Office Hadley Centre is one of the UK's foremost climate change research centres.\r\n\r\nThe Hadley Centre produces world-class guidance on the science of climate change and provide a focus in the UK for the scientific issues associated with climate science.\r\n\r\nLargely co-funded by Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) and Defra (the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), the centre provides in-depth information to, and advise, the Government on climate science issues.\r\n\r\nAs one of the world's leading centres for climate science research, the Hadley Centre scientists make significant contributions to peer-reviewed literature and to a variety of climate science reports, including the Assessment Report of the IPCC. The Hadley Centre climate projections were the basis for the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 76039, 76040 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13404 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 43588, "uuid": "f1e8696c6d5746e694fde4d6022e5a36", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre Central England Temperature (HadCET) All Versions Collection", "abstract": "The Central England Temperature (CET) series is the longest available instrumental record of temperature in the world, with the monthly mean temperature extending back to 1659 and the daily mean temperature series extending back to 1772. The daily and monthly minimum and maximum temperature series extend back to 1878.\r\n\r\nThese historical temperature series have been constructed to provide a long running temperature record for the Central England region, a roughly triangular area of the United Kingdom enclosed by Somerset, Lancashire and London. The CET value is then calculated as an average of the recorded temperatures for a few stations which are selected as representative of the region as a whole. Although the selected stations have changed over time, due primarily to station closures, the series is homogenised to ensure that it remains consistent.\r\n\r\nStations used in the construction of the CET series between 1772 and 1852 include: Kennington, Crane Court, Lyndon Hall, Syon House, Somerset House, Greenwich Observatory, Chiswick.\r\n\r\nStations used in the construction of the CET series from 1853 onwards include: Radcliffe (Oxford), Cambridge (legacy), Ross-on-Wye, Rothamsted, Malvern, Stonyhurst, Ringway, Squires Gate, Pershore College.\r\n\r\nGordon Manley (1953, 1974) compiled most of the monthly series from 1659 to 1973, and the mean temperature series is adjusted up to 1973 to align with Manley's recorded daily mean temperature values. The series data were updated to 1991 by Parker et al (1992) and comprise the V2 series which is updated with the latest values. For latest updates please see Legg et al (2025).\r\n\r\nAfter 1973, the series is adjusted to extend the alignment with Manley's series. Further adjustments are applied to homogenise the current station selection to that used by Manley as well as to account for urbanisation.\r\n\r\nThe version controlled CET series is updated annually (February-March), with the previous complete year’s values refreshed to ensure that data acquisition and quality control procedures have been completed and ensure the most accurate station temperature values are used. Each version of the dataset will include data up until the end of the previous complete year and an incremental version number will be updated.\r\n\r\nThe CET datasets employ the following version control protocol: \r\n\r\nVersion Vx.y.z.a:\r\n• x – major changes – e.g. change in scientific methodology\r\n• y – minor changes – e.g. small bug fixes or updates to diagnostics pages\r\n• z – incremental changes\r\n• a – reserved for use internally\r\n\r\nThe standard annual release cycle of CET will constitute an incremental release (z). However, if more substantial\r\nchanges have been made to the codebase, scientific methodology or source data values, then this may warrant a minor (y) or major (x) version release. (Note, these are applied to a cohort of datasets together - i.e. apply to the seasonal, monthly, daily and adjustment datasets as a coordinated version release).\r\n\r\nThis new version of the datasets will supersede the previous version.\r\n\r\nA provisional version of the CET series, with recent data up to the previous day, is available for download on the Met Office Hadley Centre webpage: https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcet/data/download.html . Link also available in the list of online resources on this record.\r\n\r\nNote: the v1.0.0.0 datasets within the collection on the CEDA archive were originally pulled over monthly from the Met Office Hadley Centre website on a monthly basis until the end of July 2022." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211663, 211664, 211665, 211666, 211667, 211668, 211670, 211669 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 93025, 93020, 93021, 93022, 93026, 93023, 93024, 93027, 93028, 93171 ] }, { "ob_id": 44269, "uuid": "3fcb9e23c9bf47bc8a9762c03e13ba0b", "title": "HadISDH.marine: gridded global monthly ocean surface humidity data version 1.6.1.2024f", "abstract": "This is the HadISDH.marine 1.6.1.2024f version of the Met Office Hadley Centre Integrated Surface Dataset of Humidity (HadISDH). HadISDH.marine is a near-global gridded monthly mean marine surface humidity climate monitoring product. It is created from in situ observations of air temperature and dew point temperature from ships. The observations have been quality controlled and bias-adjusted. Uncertainty estimates for observation issues and gridbox sampling are provided (see data quality statement section below). The data are provided by the Met Office Hadley Centre and this version spans 1/1/1973 to 31/12/2024.\r\n\r\nThe data are monthly gridded (5 degree by 5 degree) fields. Products are available for temperature and six humidity variables: specific humidity (q), relative humidity (RH), dew point temperature (Td), wet bulb temperature (Tw), vapour pressure (e), dew point depression (DPD).\r\n\r\nThis version extends the previous version to the end of 2024. Users are advised to read the update document in the Docs section for full details on all changes from the previous release.\r\n\r\nTo keep informed about updates, news and announcements follow the HadOBS team on twitter @metofficeHadOBS.\r\n\r\nFor more detailed information e.g bug fixes, routine updates and other exploratory analysis, see the HadISDH blog: http://hadisdh.blogspot.co.uk/\r\n\r\nReferences:\r\n\r\nWhen using the dataset in a paper please cite the following papers (see Docs for link\r\nto the publications) and this dataset (using the \"citable as\" reference):\r\n\r\nWillett, K. M., Dunn, R. J. H., Kennedy, J. J. and Berry, D. I., 2020: Development of\r\nthe HadISDH marine humidity climate monitoring dataset. Earth System Sciences Data,\r\n12, 2853-2880, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2853-2020\r\n\r\nFreeman, E., Woodruff, S. D., Worley, S. J., Lubker, S. J., Kent, E. C., Angel, W. E.,\r\nBerry, D. I., Brohan, P., Eastman, R., Gates, L., Gloeden, W., Ji, Z., Lawrimore, J.,\r\nRayner, N. A., Rosenhagen, G. and Smith, S. R., ICOADS Release 3.0: A major update to\r\nthe historical marine climate record. International Journal of Climatology.\r\ndoi:10.1002/joc.4775.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-26T01:55:03", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "HadISDH.marine is a global ocean surface (~10 m) humidity dataset and is produced by the Met Office Hadley Centre in collaboration with NOC. It is based on the sub-daily ship observations from the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS). It is passed to the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) for archiving and distribution.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "HadISDH, humidity, surface, marine, gridded, station, specific humidity, temperature, dew point temperature, wet bulb temperature, dew point temperature, vapour pressure, in-situ", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-25T10:16:11", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-06-25T10:56:39", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 1, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44297, "dataPath": "/badc/ukmo-hadobs/data/insitu/MOHC/HadOBS/HadISDH-marine/mon/HadISDHTable/r1/v1-6-1-2024f", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 256515670, "numberOfFiles": 8, "fileFormat": "Data are NetCDF formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12390, "startTime": "1973-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2024-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 3043, "explanation": "Uncertainty estimates are provided as part of the dataset both at the station and gridbox level, this includes information covering station uncertainty (climatological, homogenisation and measurement uncertainty), gridbox spatial and temporal sampling uncertainty and combined station and sampling uncertainty. See dataset associated documentation for full details.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "HadISDH Data Quality Statement", "date": "2016-06-14" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 30534, "uuid": "07fae730332a41e1acc37d917574fb63", "short_code": "comp", "title": "HadISDH.marine: gridded global ocean surface (~10 m) humidity dataset produced by the Met Office Hadley Centre", "abstract": "HadISDH utilises simultaneous sub-daily temperature and dew point temperature data from the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) ship data. All humidity variables are calculated at hourly resolution. Quality control, buddy checking and bias adjustment is applied at hourly resolution to adjust all observations to an observing height of 10 m, accounting for changing ship heights over time, and to adjust all non-ventilated instruments to mitigate the moist bias. Gridded monthly means, monthly mean anomalies and 1981 to 2010 climatologies are created. \r\n\r\nSee Docs 'HadISDH.marine process diagram'. Observation measurement, climatological, whole number presence and bias adjustment uncertainties are estimated for each observation and then gridded. 5° by 5° gridboxes are centred on -177.5°W and -87.5°S to 177.5°E and 87.5°N. Given the uneven distribution of observations over time and space, sampling uncertainty is estimated for each gridbox month. \r\n\r\nFor greater detail please see: \r\n\r\nWillett, K. M., Dunn, R. J. H., Kennedy, J. J. and Berry, D. I.: Development of the HadISDH marine humidity climate monitoring dataset. 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This product was generated in the context of the ESA Climate Change Initiative Programme (ESA CCI) by the Sea Ice CCI (Sea_Ice_cci) project.\r\n\r\nIt provides monthly sea ice thickness data for the winter months of October to March annually on the satellite measurement grid (Level 3C) at the full sensor resolution for the period November 2018 to April 2024.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data were processed by the ESA CCI Sea Ice project team and were supplied to CEDA in the context of the ESA CCI Open Data Portal Project", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "Sea Ice, ESA, CCI, Arctic", "publicationState": "published", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": true, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "pending", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-11-20T12:18:12", "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 2198, "bboxName": "NH CCI sea ice ", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": 16.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44974, "dataPath": "/neodc/esacci/sea_ice/data/sea_ice_thickness/L3C/sentinel3b/v4.0/NH", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 111469017, "numberOfFiles": 42, "fileFormat": "netcdf" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12504, "startTime": "2018-11-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2024-04-30T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4512, "explanation": "See the Sea Ice CCI documentation for information on data quality.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "Sea Ice CCI Data Quality Statement", "date": "2024-01-30" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": null, "procedureCompositeProcess": { "ob_id": 44566, "uuid": "90a7c1bc6d404c5bae66272ce6c9b242", "short_code": "cmppr", "title": "ESA Sea Ice Climate Change Initiative (Sea_Ice_cci): Retrieval of sea-ice thickness from Sentinel-3B radar altimetry data", "abstract": "The method used to extract sea-ice thickness from radar altimetry data is based on the\r\npioneering work of Peacock and Laxon, 2004; Laxon et al., 2003 for the ERS-2 mission." }, "imageDetails": [ 111 ], "discoveryKeywords": [ { "ob_id": 1140, "name": "ESACCI" } ], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2573, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "public", "accessRoles": null, "label": "public: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 40, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/specific_licences/esacci_seaice_terms_and_conditions.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 14368, "uuid": "d2112cfb5dab407599a64d9451d960b4", "short_code": "proj", "title": "ESA Sea Ice Climate Change Initiative Project", "abstract": "The ESA CCI Sea Ice project aims to combine and extend ongoing research to develop improved and validated timeseries of ice concentration and ice thickness for use in climate research. Since sea ice is a sensitive climate indicator with large seasonal and regional variability, the climate research community require long-term and regular observations of the key ice parameters in both Arctic and Antarctic. The project includes representatives from the scientific user community and climate research programmes to validate the ice concentration and ice thickness retrievals provided by the EO science team. \r\n\r\nThe ESA CCI Sea Ice project will deliver global data sets on ice concentration for Arctic and Antarctic, and ice thickness data sets for the Arctic, to support climate research and monitoring according to the GCOS requirements for generation of satellite-based data sets and products. This implies provision of data sets with associated metadata, software systems, technical documentation and scientific reports/publications. Ice thickness data from radar altimeters are not available for the Antarctic as a useful data set for climate research. The data sets to be delivered as the sea ice ECV parameters are based on many years of research where the members of the consortium are playing a leading role in development and validation of the EO-based data sets." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 13253, 53130, 53131, 66291, 74945, 75274, 75275, 75276, 75277, 75278, 75280, 75281, 75282, 75283, 75284, 75285, 75286, 75287 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 14367, "uuid": "5e789087d4e847308a39b3fe5b26e281", "short_code": "coll", "title": "ESA Sea Ice Climate Change Initiative (Sea Ice CCI) Dataset Collection", "abstract": "Collection of datasets from the ESA Sea Ice Climate Change Initiative (CCI) project. The Sea Ice CCI is developing improved and validated timeseries of ice concentration for the Arctic and Antarctic and ice thickness datasets for the Arctic to support climate research and monitoring. Since sea ice is a sensitive climate indicator with large seasonal and regional variability, the climate research community require long-term and regular observations of the key ice parameters in both Arctic and Antarctic." }, { "ob_id": 45082, "uuid": "3d56835a52ff401b8445d60a1825ccd0", "short_code": "coll", "title": "ESA Sea Ice Climate Change Initiative (Sea Ice CCI) Dataset Collection for Sea Ice Thickness v4.0 Products", "abstract": "Collection of Climate Data Records of Sea Ice Thickness v4.0 products as part of the ESA Sea Ice Climate Change Initiative (CCI) project.\r\n\r\nThe Sea Ice CCI is developing improved and validated timeseries of ice concentration for the Arctic and Antarctic and ice thickness datasets for the Arctic to support climate research and monitoring. Since sea ice is a sensitive climate indicator with large seasonal and regional variability, the climate research community require long-term and regular observations of the key ice parameters in both Arctic and Antarctic." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211868, 211869, 211870, 211871, 211872, 211873, 211874, 211875, 211876, 211877 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 93100, 93101, 93102 ] }, { "ob_id": 44289, "uuid": "db0aee3dbdc54ab0981bca2e632f3be3", "title": "ESA Sea Ice Climate Change Initiative (Sea_Ice_cci): Southern hemisphere sea ice thickness from Sentinel-3B on a monthly grid (L3C), v4.0", "abstract": "This dataset provides a Climate Data Record of Sea Ice Thickness for the Southern Hemisphere polar region, derived from the SRAL (Synthetic aperture Radar Altimeter) instrument on the Sentinel -3B satellite. This product was generated in the context of the ESA Climate Change Initiative Programme (ESA CCI) by the Sea Ice CCI (Sea_Ice_cci) project.\r\n\r\nIt provides monthly sea ice thickness data on the satellite measurement grid (Level 3C) at the full sensor resolution for the period November 2018 to April 2024.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data were processed by the ESA CCI Sea Ice project team and were supplied to CEDA in the context of the ESA CCI Open Data Portal Project", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "Sea Ice, ESA, CCI, Arctic", "publicationState": "published", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": true, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "pending", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-11-20T12:18:44", "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 2205, "bboxName": "SH CCI Sea ice thickness L2P", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -81.45, "northBoundLatitude": -50.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44975, "dataPath": "/neodc/esacci/sea_ice/data/sea_ice_thickness/L3C/sentinel3b/v4.0/SH", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 49121584, "numberOfFiles": 67, "fileFormat": "netcdf" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12505, "startTime": "2018-11-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2024-04-30T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4512, "explanation": "See the Sea Ice CCI documentation for information on data quality.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "Sea Ice CCI Data Quality Statement", "date": "2024-01-30" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": null, "procedureCompositeProcess": { "ob_id": 44566, "uuid": "90a7c1bc6d404c5bae66272ce6c9b242", "short_code": "cmppr", "title": "ESA Sea Ice Climate Change Initiative (Sea_Ice_cci): Retrieval of sea-ice thickness from Sentinel-3B radar altimetry data", "abstract": "The method used to extract sea-ice thickness from radar altimetry data is based on the\r\npioneering work of Peacock and Laxon, 2004; Laxon et al., 2003 for the ERS-2 mission." }, "imageDetails": [ 111 ], "discoveryKeywords": [ { "ob_id": 1140, "name": "ESACCI" } ], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2573, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "public", "accessRoles": null, "label": "public: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 40, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/specific_licences/esacci_seaice_terms_and_conditions.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 14368, "uuid": "d2112cfb5dab407599a64d9451d960b4", "short_code": "proj", "title": "ESA Sea Ice Climate Change Initiative Project", "abstract": "The ESA CCI Sea Ice project aims to combine and extend ongoing research to develop improved and validated timeseries of ice concentration and ice thickness for use in climate research. Since sea ice is a sensitive climate indicator with large seasonal and regional variability, the climate research community require long-term and regular observations of the key ice parameters in both Arctic and Antarctic. The project includes representatives from the scientific user community and climate research programmes to validate the ice concentration and ice thickness retrievals provided by the EO science team. \r\n\r\nThe ESA CCI Sea Ice project will deliver global data sets on ice concentration for Arctic and Antarctic, and ice thickness data sets for the Arctic, to support climate research and monitoring according to the GCOS requirements for generation of satellite-based data sets and products. This implies provision of data sets with associated metadata, software systems, technical documentation and scientific reports/publications. Ice thickness data from radar altimeters are not available for the Antarctic as a useful data set for climate research. The data sets to be delivered as the sea ice ECV parameters are based on many years of research where the members of the consortium are playing a leading role in development and validation of the EO-based data sets." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 13253, 53130, 53131, 66291, 74945, 75274, 75275, 75276, 75277, 75278, 75280, 75281, 75282, 75283, 75284, 75285, 75286, 75287 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 14367, "uuid": "5e789087d4e847308a39b3fe5b26e281", "short_code": "coll", "title": "ESA Sea Ice Climate Change Initiative (Sea Ice CCI) Dataset Collection", "abstract": "Collection of datasets from the ESA Sea Ice Climate Change Initiative (CCI) project. The Sea Ice CCI is developing improved and validated timeseries of ice concentration for the Arctic and Antarctic and ice thickness datasets for the Arctic to support climate research and monitoring. Since sea ice is a sensitive climate indicator with large seasonal and regional variability, the climate research community require long-term and regular observations of the key ice parameters in both Arctic and Antarctic." }, { "ob_id": 45082, "uuid": "3d56835a52ff401b8445d60a1825ccd0", "short_code": "coll", "title": "ESA Sea Ice Climate Change Initiative (Sea Ice CCI) Dataset Collection for Sea Ice Thickness v4.0 Products", "abstract": "Collection of Climate Data Records of Sea Ice Thickness v4.0 products as part of the ESA Sea Ice Climate Change Initiative (CCI) project.\r\n\r\nThe Sea Ice CCI is developing improved and validated timeseries of ice concentration for the Arctic and Antarctic and ice thickness datasets for the Arctic to support climate research and monitoring. Since sea ice is a sensitive climate indicator with large seasonal and regional variability, the climate research community require long-term and regular observations of the key ice parameters in both Arctic and Antarctic." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211878, 211879, 211880, 211881, 211882, 211883, 211884, 211885, 211886, 211887 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 93103, 93104, 93105 ] }, { "ob_id": 44290, "uuid": "03bcc7d46cc849ff89713bbc398a0af7", "title": "WOEST: Scan and vertically pointing data from the NCAS Ka-Band Mobile Cloud Radar unit 1 deployed at MOD Lyneham, v1.0.0 (20230524-20230906)", "abstract": "RHI (range-height indicator) and PPI (plan-position indicator) scan measurements from the NCAS Ka-Band Mobile Cloud Radar unit 1 deployed at MOD Lyneham. These observations were taken as part of the Wessex Convection (WesCon) experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST) between 20230524 and 20230906.\r\n\r\nData products from this deployment are grouped into two sets. \r\nIntensive observing period (IOP) data include RHI (range-height indicator) scans providing vertical cross-sections through individual storm cells.\r\nStandard observing period (SOP) data include a repeating sequence of (a) VPT – a vertically pointing dwell for 18 minutes; (b) VAD – a conical scan at an elevation 8° from zenith with the aim of measuring a vertical wind profile; (c) HSRHI – a sequence of of twelve horizon-to-horizon scans in elevation spaced by 30° in azimuth; and (d) BLPPI – a sequence of conical scans at a set of low elevations. The full SOP sequence was repeated every 30 minutes. \r\nVPT data are grouped into daily files and include measurements from additional vertical dwells during IOPs.\r\n\r\nFor further details of this deployment and the associated dataset please see the internal file metadata.\r\n\r\nThese data conform to the NCAS data standards and are available under the UK Government Open Licence agreement. Acknowledgement of NCAS as the data provider is required whenever and wherever these data are used.", "creationDate": "2025-05-16T16:11:30.266477", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-05-16T16:11:30", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-05-25T01:56:55", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data were processed and prepared by the project team before delivery to the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "NCAS, observation measurements", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-23T15:24:14", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-08-01T10:31:24.960980", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4784, "bboxName": "Ka-Band, Lyneham, Wiltshire, England", "eastBoundLongitude": -1.4134, "westBoundLongitude": -2.5848, "southBoundLatitude": 51.1443, "northBoundLatitude": 51.8734 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44291, "dataPath": "/badc/ncas-mobile/data/ncas-mobile-ka-band-radar-1/20230524_woest/v1.0.0", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 367212848072, "numberOfFiles": 18307, "fileFormat": "Data are netCDF formatted." }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12388, "startTime": "2023-05-24T13:49:18", "endTime": "2023-09-06T00:49:54" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4732, "explanation": "These Level 1 data have been produced in accordance with standard NCAS observational practices. It has not received the full final calibration checks but has been checked for compliance with NCAS Data Standards.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "NCAS Sband CAMRA Level1 Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-05-16" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": { "ob_id": 44292, "uuid": "00e78a4248ca40fab2523831af5ddec0", "short_code": "acq", "title": "Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST): NCAS Ka-Band Mobile Cloud Radar unit 1 instrument instrument deployed at MOD Lyneham", "abstract": "Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST): NCAS Ka-Band Mobile Cloud Radar unit 1 instrument instrument deployed at MOD Lyneham." }, "procedureComputation": null, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 223 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43720, "uuid": "d3685300168848f290dd3a9ec14cc8ac", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Wessex Convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST)", "abstract": "This project, WesCon - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST), complements the Met Office's Wessex Convection Experiment (WesCon) project by enabling frequent observations of the same turbulent structures at high resolution. In terms of moist convective turbulence, WOEST will radically advance observations of cloud dynamics by tracking precipitating cores of convective clouds and the turbulent regions embedded within them in real-time using four dual-polarisation Doppler radars. The radar scans will also be coordinated with the FAAM aircraft location to enable coincident observations. In terms of boundary-layer turbulence and variability, their evolution will be captured uniquely by multiple UAS, which will be coordinated to capture hourly profiles of temperature, humidity, and winds to study the small-scale variability in the lowest 2km of the atmosphere. Additionally, an array of cloud cameras will be used to reconstruct the 3D motion and evolution of boundary-layer clouds, to be related to the turbulent and dynamic evolution of the boundary layer as measured by remote sensing instruments such as lidar (to measure cloud bases and humidity profiles) and wind profilers.\r\n\r\nThe observations gathered in WOEST will capture turbulent processes in the atmosphere at a range of fine spatial and temporal scales. Our multi-instrument approach will enable us to evaluate simulations of turbulence and dynamics in convective clouds and how the structure and evolution of the boundary layer influence moist convective turbulence at a range of scales, including at the process-level relating turbulence to the strength and size of updrafts. This will lead to a new understanding of the variability and evolution of the boundary layer in the context of the surrounding cloud field and the variability of turbulence and cloud dynamics. Such insights should lead to significant improvements within the sub-grid turbulence parametrisations that allow both km-scale global weather and climate simulations and sub-km-scale regional weather forecasts to more accurately predict the evolution and intensity of hazardous convective storms." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 50542, 50543, 59115, 59145, 59165, 83944, 83948, 83950, 83951, 83954, 83955, 83961, 84130, 84131, 84132, 84133, 84134, 84135, 84136, 84137, 84138, 84139, 84140, 84141, 84142, 84143, 84144, 84145, 84146, 84147, 84148, 84149 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13461 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 43875, "uuid": "36756ff1928f4a1684902b470cda774e", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST)", "abstract": "A collection of groundbased and airborne datasets gathered to capture turbulent processes in the atmosphere at a range of fine spatial and temporal scales for the Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST) project during summer 2023. This multi-instrument collection is used to evaluate simulations of turbulence and dynamics in convective clouds and how the structure and evolution of the boundary layer influences moist convective turbulence at a range of scales." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211888, 211889, 211890, 211891, 211892, 211893, 211894, 211895 ], "onlineresource_set": [] }, { "ob_id": 44293, "uuid": "e0ca70c643264ea0a68d04008499b87d", "title": "HadISDH.land: gridded global monthly land surface humidity data version 4.6.1.2024f", "abstract": "This is the HadISDH.land 4.6.1.2024f version of the Met Office Hadley Centre Integrated Surface Dataset of Humidity (HadISDH). HadISDH.land is a near-global gridded monthly mean land surface humidity climate monitoring product. It is created from in situ observations of air temperature and dew point temperature from weather stations. The observations have been quality controlled and homogenised. Uncertainty estimates for observation issues and gridbox sampling are provided (see data quality statement section below). The data are provided by the Met Office Hadley Centre and this version spans 1/1/1973 to 31/12/2024. \r\n\r\nThe data are monthly gridded (5 degree by 5 degree) fields. Products are available for temperature and six humidity variables: specific humidity (q), relative humidity (RH), dew point temperature (Td), wet bulb temperature (Tw), vapour pressure (e), dew point depression (DPD).\r\n\r\nThis version extends the previous version to the end of 2024. Users are advised to read the update document in the Docs section for full details on all changes from the previous release.\r\n\r\nAs in previous years, the annual scrape of NOAAs Integrated Surface Dataset for HadISD.3.4.1.2024f, which is the basis of HadISDH.land, has pulled through some historical changes to stations. This, and the additional year of data, results in small changes to station selection. The homogeneity adjustments differ slightly due to sensitivity to the addition and loss of stations, historical changes to stations previously included and the additional 12 months of data.\r\n\r\nTo keep informed about updates, news and announcements follow the HadOBS team on twitter @metofficeHadOBS.\r\n\r\nFor more detailed information e.g bug fixes, routine updates and other exploratory analysis, see the HadISDH blog: http://hadisdh.blogspot.co.uk/\r\n\r\nReferences:\r\n\r\nWhen using the dataset in a paper please cite the following papers (see Docs for link\r\nto the publications) and this dataset (using the \"citable as\" reference):\r\n\r\nWillett, K. M., Dunn, R. J. H., Thorne, P. W., Bell, S., de Podesta, M., Parker, D. E.,\r\nJones, P. D., and Williams Jr., C. N.: HadISDH land surface multi-variable humidity and\r\ntemperature record for climate monitoring, Clim. Past, 10, 1983-2006,\r\ndoi:10.5194/cp-10-1983-2014, 2014.\r\n\r\nDunn, R. J. H., et al. 2016: Expanding HadISD: quality-controlled, sub-daily station\r\ndata from 1931, Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems, 5, 473-491.\r\n\r\nSmith, A., N. Lott, and R. Vose, 2011: The Integrated Surface Database: Recent\r\nDevelopments and Partnerships. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 92,\r\n704-708, doi:10.1175/2011BAMS3015.1\r\n\r\nWe strongly recommend that you read these papers before making use of the data, more\r\ndetail on the dataset can be found in an earlier publication:\r\n\r\nWillett, K. M., Williams Jr., C. N., Dunn, R. J. H., Thorne, P. W., Bell, S., de\r\nPodesta, M., Jones, P. D., and Parker D. E., 2013: HadISDH: An updated land surface\r\nspecific humidity product for climate monitoring. Climate of the Past, 9, 657-677,\r\ndoi:10.5194/cp-9-657-2013.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-26T01:55:03", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "HadISDH.land is a global land surface (~2 m) humidity dataset and is produced by the Met Office Hadley Centre in collaboration with Maynooth University, NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), National Physical Laboratory (NPL) and Climate Research Unit (CRU). It is based on the quality controlled sub-daily HadISD from the Met Office Hadley Centre which is in turn based on the ISD dataset from NOAA's NCEI. It is passed to the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) for archiving and distribution.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "HadISDH, humidity, surface, land, gridded, station, specific humidity, temperature, dew point temperature, wet bulb temperature, dew point temperature, vapour pressure, in-situ", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-25T11:15:36", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-06-25T11:16:01.510445", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 1, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44296, "dataPath": "/badc/ukmo-hadobs/data/insitu/MOHC/HadOBS/HadISDH/mon/HadISDHTable/r1/v4-6-1-2024f", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 115018265, "numberOfFiles": 9, "fileFormat": "Data are NetCDF formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12389, "startTime": "1973-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2024-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 3043, "explanation": "Uncertainty estimates are provided as part of the dataset both at the station and gridbox level, this includes information covering station uncertainty (climatological, homogenisation and measurement uncertainty), gridbox spatial and temporal sampling uncertainty and combined station and sampling uncertainty. See dataset associated documentation for full details.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "HadISDH Data Quality Statement", "date": "2016-06-14" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 13526, "uuid": "02d903686bc9471a866e6b0d7c19f727", "short_code": "comp", "title": "HadISDH.land: gridded global land surface humidity dataset produced by the Met Office Hadley Centre", "abstract": "HadISDH.land utilises simultaneous subdaily temperature and dew point temperature data from over 3000 quality controlled HadISD stations that have sufficiently long records. All humidity variables are calculated at hourly resolution and monthly means are created. \r\n\r\nMonthly means are homogenised to detect and adjust for features within the data that do not appear to be of climate origin. While unlikely to be perfect, this process does help remove large errors from the data an improve robustness of long-term climate monitoring. The NCEI's Pairwise Homogenisation Algorithm has been used directly on DPD and T. An indirect PHA method (ID PHA) is used whereby changepoints detected in DPD and T are used to make adjustments to q, e, Tw and RH. Changepoints from DPD are also applied to T. Td is derived from homogenised T and DPD. See Docs 'HadISDH.land process diagram'.\r\n\r\nStation measurement, climatological and homogeneity adjustment uncertainties are estimated for each month. Climatological averages are calculated (the climatological period is dependent on product version) and monthly mean climate anomalies obtained. These anomalies (in addition to climatological mean and standard deviation, actual values and uncertainty components) are then averaged over 5° by 5° gridboxes centred on -177.5°W and -87.5°S to 177.5°E and 87.5°N. Given the uneven distribution of stations over time and space, sampling uncertainty is estimated for each gridbox month.\r\n\r\nFor greater detail please see:\r\nWillett, K. M., Dunn, R. J. H., Thorne, P. W., Bell, S., de Podesta, M., Parker, D. E., Jones, P. D., and Williams Jr., C. N.: HadISDH land surface multi-variable humidity and temperature record for climate monitoring, Clim. Past, 10, 1983-2006, doi:10.5194/cp-10-1983-2014, 2014. \r\n\r\nand\r\n\r\nWillett, K. M., Williams Jr., C. N., Dunn, R. J. H., Thorne, P. W., Bell, S., de Podesta, M., Jones, P. D., and Parker D. E., 2013: HadISDH: An updated land surface specific humidity product for climate monitoring. Climate of the Past, 9, 657-677, doi:10.5194/cp-9-657-2013.\r\n\r\nDocs contains links to both these publications" }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 157 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2561, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "public", "accessRoles": null, "label": "public: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 32, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/non-commercial-government-licence/version/2/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 6, "classification": "personal" }, { "ob_id": 4, "classification": "academic" }, { "ob_id": 5, "classification": "policy" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 13164, "uuid": "ce252c81a7bd4717834055e31716b265", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre - Observations and Climate", "abstract": "The Met Office Hadley Centre is one of the UK's foremost climate change research centres.\r\n\r\nThe Hadley Centre produces world-class guidance on the science of climate change and provide a focus in the UK for the scientific issues associated with climate science.\r\n\r\nLargely co-funded by Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) and Defra (the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), the centre provides in-depth information to, and advise, the Government on climate science issues.\r\n\r\nAs one of the world's leading centres for climate science research, the Hadley Centre scientists make significant contributions to peer-reviewed literature and to a variety of climate science reports, including the Assessment Report of the IPCC. The Hadley Centre climate projections were the basis for the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 56886, 56887, 56888, 56889, 56890, 56891, 56892, 56893, 56894, 56895, 56898, 56899, 56900, 60438, 66183, 66184, 66185, 66187, 66189, 66192, 73574, 73575, 73576, 73577, 73578, 73579, 73580, 73581, 73582, 73583, 73584, 73585, 73586, 73587, 73588, 73589, 73590, 73591, 73592, 73593, 73594, 73595, 73596, 73597, 73598, 73599, 76035, 76036, 76037, 76038 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13428 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 13522, "uuid": "251474c7b09449d8b9e7aeaf1461858f", "short_code": "coll", "title": "HadISDH: global surface humidity data", "abstract": "HadISDH (Integrated Surface Database Humidity) is a monthly 5° by 5° gridded global surface humidity climate monitoring dataset created from in-situ sub-daily synoptic data. The data have been quality controlled and homogenised (land), bias adjusted (marine) and buddy checked (marine). \r\n\r\nMonthly mean climate anomalies are provided alongside uncertainty estimates, actual values, climatological means and standard deviations for specific humidity, relative humidity, vapour pressure, dew point temperature, wet bulb temperature, dew point depression in addition to the simultaneously observed temperature." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211898, 211899, 211900, 211901, 211902, 211903, 211904, 211905, 211906, 211908, 211907, 211909, 211910, 211911, 211912, 211913 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 93108, 93109, 93110, 93111, 93112, 93113, 93114, 93115, 93116, 93117 ] }, { "ob_id": 44294, "uuid": "b3f6a88ffe24443494f92e5977965a1c", "title": "HadISDH.extremes: gridded global monthly land surface wet bulb and dry bulb temperature extremes index data version 1.2.0.2024f", "abstract": "This is the HadISDH.extremes 1.2.0.2024f version of the Met Office Hadley Centre Integrated Surface Dataset of Humidity (HadISDH). HadISDH.extremes is a near-global gridded monthly land surface extremes index climate monitoring product. It is created from in situ sub-daily observations of wet bulb (converted from dew point temperature) and dry bulb temperature from weather stations. The observations have been quality controlled at the hourly level with strict temporal completeness thresholds applied at daily, monthly, annual, climatological and whole period scales to minimise biases. Gridbox months are assessed for inhomogeneity and scores provided (see Homogeneity Score Document in Docs). The data are provided by the Met Office Hadley Centre and this version spans 1/1/1973 to 31/12/2024.\r\n\r\nThe data are monthly gridded (5 degree by 5 degree) fields. Products are available for 27 different heat extremes indices based on the ET-SCI (Expert Team on Sector-Specific Climate Indices) framework. These indices capture a range of moderate to severe extremes. They utilise the daily maximum and minimum values of sub-daily dry bulb and wet bulb temperature observations. Note that these will most likely underestimate the true extremes even when hourly data are available. The data are designed for assessing large scale features over long time scales, ideally using the anomaly fields as these are less affected by sampling biases. Users are advised to cross-compare with national datasets other supporting evidence when assessing small scale localised features.\r\n\r\nThis version is the first with annual updates envisaged. An update record will be maintained in the Docs section.\r\n\r\nHadISD.3.4.1.2024f is the basis of HadISDH.extremes.\r\n\r\nTo keep informed about updates, news and announcements follow the HadOBS team on twitter @metofficeHadOBS.\r\n\r\nFor more detailed information e.g bug fixes, routine updates and other exploratory analysis, see the HadISDH blog: http://hadisdh.blogspot.co.uk/\r\n\r\nReferences:\r\n\r\nWhen using the dataset in a paper please cite the following papers (see Docs for link\r\nto the publications) and this dataset (using the \"citable as\" reference):\r\n\r\nWillett, K, 2023: HadISDH.extremes Part 1: a gridded wet bulb temperature extremes index product for climate monitoring. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 40, 1952–1967, doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-2347-8. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00376-023-2347-8\r\n\r\nWillett, K. 2023: HadISDH.extremes Part 2: exploring humid heat extremes using wet bulb temperature indices. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 40, 1968–1985, doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-2348-7. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00376-023-2348-7\r\n\r\n\r\nDunn, R. J. H., et al. 2016: Expanding HadISD: quality-controlled, sub-daily station\r\ndata from 1931, Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems, 5, 473-491.\r\nSmith, A., N. Lott, and R. Vose, 2011: The Integrated Surface Database: Recent\r\nDevelopments and Partnerships. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 92,\r\n704-708, doi:10.1175/2011BAMS3015.1", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-26T01:55:02", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "HadISDH.extremes is a global land surface (~2 m) humid and dry heat extremes index dataset and is produced by the Met Office Hadley Centre through the Met Office Climate Science for Service Partnership (CSSP) China project. It is based on the quality controlled sub-daily HadISD from the Met Office Hadley Centre which is in turn based on the ISD dataset from NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI). It is passed to Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) for archiving and distribution.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "HadISDH, humidity, surface, land, gridded, station, heat, extremes index, air temperature, wet bulb temperature, in-situ", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-25T11:16:27", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-06-25T11:16:39.282160", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 1, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44298, "dataPath": "/badc/ukmo-hadobs/data/insitu/MOHC/HadOBS/HadISDH-extremes/mon/HadISDHTable/r1/v1-2-0-2024f", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 256866170, "numberOfFiles": 37, "fileFormat": "Data are NetCDF formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12484, "startTime": "1973-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2024-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4310, "explanation": "The sub-daily observations have been quality controlled and data completeness thresholds are applied at the daily, monthly, annual, climatological and whole record level. Each gridbox month is given a score relating to likely inhomogeneity which can be used to filter the dataset to reduce the influence of large inhomogeneity.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "HadISDH.extremes QC statement", "date": "2023-06-12" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 40170, "uuid": "62c89c91587c4bc9adcf20b2fe7677fd", "short_code": "comp", "title": "HadISDH.extremes: gridded global monthly land surface wet bulb and dry bulb temperature extremes index dataset produced by the Met Office Hadley Centre", "abstract": "HadISDH.extremes utilises simultaneous sub-daily dry bulb and wet bulb temperature (calculated from dry bulb and dew point temperature) data from over 4000 quality controlled HadISD stations that have sufficiently long records. After checking for sufficient completeness at the daily, monthly, annual, climatological and whole record scale, monthly indices are created from the maximum and minimum of the available daily values. Note that these likely underestimate the true extremes. Climatological averages are calculated over 1991-2020 and monthly climate anomalies obtained. These anomalies (in addition to climatological mean and standard deviation, actual values) are then averaged over 5° by 5° gridboxes centred on -177.5°W and -87.5°S to 177.5°E and 87.5°N. Each gridbox month has an associated homogeneity score obtained from the homogenisation information from HadISDH.landT and HadISDH.landTw. Users can filter the data to remove those gridboxes likely affected by large inhomogeneity. While unlikely to be perfect, this process does help remove large errors from the data an improve robustness of long-term climate monitoring. For greater detail please see: \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nWillett, K, 2023: HadISDH.extremes Part 1: a gridded wet bulb temperature extremes index product for climate monitoring. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 40, 1952–1967, doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-2347-8. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00376-023-2347-8. \r\n\r\nWillett, K. 2023: HadISDH.extremes Part 2: exploring humid heat extremes using wet bulb temperature indices. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 40, 1968–1985, doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-2348-7. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00376-023-2348-7.\r\n\r\nSee the documentation links in the online resources section of this record for links to both these publications." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 157 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2526, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "public", "accessRoles": null, "label": "public: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 13164, "uuid": "ce252c81a7bd4717834055e31716b265", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre - Observations and Climate", "abstract": "The Met Office Hadley Centre is one of the UK's foremost climate change research centres.\r\n\r\nThe Hadley Centre produces world-class guidance on the science of climate change and provide a focus in the UK for the scientific issues associated with climate science.\r\n\r\nLargely co-funded by Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) and Defra (the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), the centre provides in-depth information to, and advise, the Government on climate science issues.\r\n\r\nAs one of the world's leading centres for climate science research, the Hadley Centre scientists make significant contributions to peer-reviewed literature and to a variety of climate science reports, including the Assessment Report of the IPCC. The Hadley Centre climate projections were the basis for the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 56886, 56887, 56888, 56889, 56891, 56892, 56893, 56894, 56895, 60438, 66085, 66086, 66087, 66088, 66089, 66090, 66091, 66092, 66093, 66094, 66095, 66096, 66097, 66098, 66099, 66100, 66101, 66102, 66103, 66104, 66105, 66106, 66107, 66108, 66109, 66110, 66111, 66112, 66113, 66114, 66115, 66116, 66117, 66118, 66119, 66120, 66122, 66123, 66124, 66125, 66126, 66127, 66128, 66129, 66130, 66131, 66132, 66133, 66134, 66135, 66136, 66137, 66138, 66139, 66140, 66141, 66142, 66143, 66144, 66145, 66146, 66147, 66148, 66149, 66150, 66151, 66152, 66153, 66154, 66155, 66156, 66157, 66158, 66159, 66160, 66161, 66162, 66163, 66164, 66165, 66166, 66168, 66169, 66170, 66171, 66172, 66173, 66174, 66175, 66176, 66177, 66178, 66179, 66180, 66181, 73614, 73615, 73616, 73617, 73618, 73619, 73620, 73621, 73622, 73623, 73624, 73625, 73626, 73627, 73628, 73629, 73630, 73631, 73632, 73633, 73634, 73635, 73636, 73637, 73638, 73639, 73640, 73641, 73642, 79999, 80000, 80001, 80002, 86142, 86143, 86144, 86145, 86146, 86147, 86148, 86149, 86150 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13429 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 13522, "uuid": "251474c7b09449d8b9e7aeaf1461858f", "short_code": "coll", "title": "HadISDH: global surface humidity data", "abstract": "HadISDH (Integrated Surface Database Humidity) is a monthly 5° by 5° gridded global surface humidity climate monitoring dataset created from in-situ sub-daily synoptic data. The data have been quality controlled and homogenised (land), bias adjusted (marine) and buddy checked (marine). \r\n\r\nMonthly mean climate anomalies are provided alongside uncertainty estimates, actual values, climatological means and standard deviations for specific humidity, relative humidity, vapour pressure, dew point temperature, wet bulb temperature, dew point depression in addition to the simultaneously observed temperature." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211915, 211916, 211917, 211918, 211919, 211920, 211921, 211922, 211923, 211924 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 93118, 93119, 93120, 93121, 93122, 93123, 93124, 93125, 93127, 93128 ] }, { "ob_id": 44295, "uuid": "d3c7c95a586649d78bd20b4ae8eb3caf", "title": "HadISDH.blend: gridded global monthly land and ocean surface humidity data version 1.5.1.2024f", "abstract": "This is the HadISDH.blend 1.5.1.2024f version of the Met Office Hadley Centre Integrated Surface Dataset of Humidity (HadISDH). HadISDH.blend is a near-global gridded monthly mean surface humidity climate monitoring product. It is created from in situ observations of air temperature and dew point temperature from ships and weather stations. The observations have been quality controlled and homogenised / bias adjusted. Uncertainty estimates for observation issues and gridbox sampling are provided (see data quality statement section below). These data are provided by the Met Office Hadley Centre. This version spans 1/1/1973 to 31/12/2024.\r\n\r\nThe data are monthly gridded (5 degree by 5 degree) fields. Products are available for temperature and six humidity variables: specific humidity (q), relative humidity (RH), dew point temperature (Td), wet bulb temperature (Tw), vapour pressure (e), dew point depression (DPD).\r\n\r\nThis version extends the previous version to the end of 2024. It combines the latest version of HadISDH.land and HadISDH.marine and therefore their respective update notes. Users are advised to read the update documents in the Docs section for full details.\r\n\r\nTo keep informed about updates, news and announcements follow the HadOBS team on twitter @metofficeHadOBS.\r\n\r\nFor more detailed information e.g bug fixes, routine updates and other exploratory analysis, see the HadISDH blog: http://hadisdh.blogspot.co.uk/\r\n\r\nReferences:\r\n\r\nWhen using the dataset in a paper please cite the following papers (see Docs for link\r\nto the publications) and this dataset (using the \"citable as\" reference):\r\n\r\nWillett, K. M., Dunn, R. J. H., Kennedy, J. J. and Berry, D. I., 2020: Development of\r\nthe HadISDH marine humidity climate monitoring dataset. Earth System Sciences Data,\r\n12, 2853-2880, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2853-2020\r\n\r\nFreeman, E., Woodruff, S. D., Worley, S. J., Lubker, S. J., Kent, E. C., Angel, W. E.,\r\nBerry, D. I., Brohan, P., Eastman, R., Gates, L., Gloeden, W., Ji, Z., Lawrimore, J.,\r\nRayner, N. A., Rosenhagen, G. and Smith, S. R., ICOADS Release 3.0: A major update to\r\nthe historical marine climate record. International Journal of Climatology.\r\ndoi:10.1002/joc.4775.\r\n\r\nWillett, K. M., Dunn, R. J. H., Thorne, P. W., Bell, S., de Podesta, M., Parker, D. E.,\r\nJones, P. D., and Williams Jr., C. N.: HadISDH land surface multi-variable humidity and\r\ntemperature record for climate monitoring, Clim. Past, 10, 1983-2006,\r\ndoi:10.5194/cp-10-1983-2014, 2014.\r\n\r\nDunn, R. J. H., et al. 2016: Expanding HadISD: quality-controlled, sub-daily station\r\ndata from 1931, Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems, 5, 473-491.\r\n\r\nSmith, A., N. Lott, and R. Vose, 2011: The Integrated Surface Database: Recent\r\nDevelopments and Partnerships. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 92,\r\n704-708, doi:10.1175/2011BAMS3015.1\r\n\r\nWe strongly recommend that you read these papers before making use of the data, more\r\ndetail on the dataset can be found in an earlier publication:\r\n\r\nWillett, K. M., Williams Jr., C. N., Dunn, R. J. H., Thorne, P. W., Bell, S., de\r\nPodesta, M., Jones, P. D., and Parker D. E., 2013: HadISDH: An updated land surface\r\nspecific humidity product for climate monitoring. Climate of the Past, 9, 657-677,\r\ndoi:10.5194/cp-9-657-2013.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-26T01:55:04", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "HadISDH.blend is a global land (~2 m) and ocean (~10 m) surface humidity dataset and is produced by the Met Office Hadley Centre in collaboration with CRU, Maynooth University, NPL, NOAA-NCEI and NOC. It is based on the sub-daily station observations from HadISD (originally from ISD) and ship observations from the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS). It is passed to the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) for archiving and distribution. Gridboxes containing both land and marine data are combined using a weighted average with a minimum and maximum weighting of 25% and 75% respectively.", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "HadISDH, blend, humidity, surface, marine, gridded, station, specific humidity, temperature, dew point temperature, wet bulb temperature, dew point temperature, vapour pressure, in-situ", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "completed", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-25T09:53:37", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-06-25T09:54:34", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 1, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44299, "dataPath": "/badc/ukmo-hadobs/data/insitu/MOHC/HadOBS/HadISDH-blend/mon/HadISDHTable/r1/v1-5-1-2024f", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 180232956, "numberOfFiles": 8, "fileFormat": "Data are NetCDF formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12391, "startTime": "1973-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2024-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 3043, "explanation": "Uncertainty estimates are provided as part of the dataset both at the station and gridbox level, this includes information covering station uncertainty (climatological, homogenisation and measurement uncertainty), gridbox spatial and temporal sampling uncertainty and combined station and sampling uncertainty. See dataset associated documentation for full details.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "HadISDH Data Quality Statement", "date": "2016-06-14" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 30535, "uuid": "93fe7fab0099452aa79778ee34bd8619", "short_code": "comp", "title": "HadISDH.blend: gridded global land (~2 m) and ocean (~10 m) surface humidity dataset produced by the Met Office Hadley Centre", "abstract": "HadISDH.blend combines HadISDH.marine and HadISDH.land at the 5 degree by 5 degree gridbox monthly mean level. Gridboxes containing both land and marine data are combined using a weighted average with a minimum and maximum weighting of 25% and 75% respectively. HadISDH.marine utilises simultaneous sub-daily temperature and dew point temperature data from the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) ship data. All humidity variables are calculated at hourly resolution. \r\n\r\nQuality control, buddy checking and bias adjustment is applied at hourly resolution to adjust all observations to an observing height of 10 m, accounting for changing ship heights over time, and to adjust all non-ventilated instruments to mitigate the moist bias. Gridded monthly means, monthly mean anomalies and 1981 to 2010 climatologies are created. \r\n\r\nSee Docs 'HadISDH.marine process diagram'. Observation measurement, climatological, whole number presence and bias adjustment uncertainties are estimated for each observation and then gridded. 5° by 5° gridboxes are centred on -177.5°W and -87.5°S to 177.5°E and 87.5°N. Given the uneven distribution of observations over time and space, sampling uncertainty is estimated for each gridbox month. \r\n\r\nFor greater detail please see: Willett, K. M., Dunn, R. J. H., Kennedy, J. J. and Berry, D. I.: Development of the HadISDH marine humidity climate monitoring dataset. Earth System Sciences Data, doi:10.5194/essd-12-2853-2020, 2020. \r\n\r\nDocs contains links to this publication. \r\n\r\nHadISDH.land utilises simultaneous subdaily temperature and dew point temperature data from over 3000 quality controlled HadISD stations that have sufficiently long records. All humidity variables are calculated at hourly resolution and monthly means are created. Monthly means are homogenised to detect and adjust for features within the data that do not appear to be of climate origin. While unlikely to be perfect, this process does help remove large errors from the data an improve robustness of long-term climate monitoring. The NCEI's Pairwise Homogenisation Algorithm has been used directly on DPD and T. An indirect PHA method (ID PHA) is used whereby changepoints detected in DPD and T are used to make adjustments to q, e, Tw and RH. Changepoints from DPD are also applied to T. Td is derived from homogenised T and DPD. \r\n\r\nSee Docs 'HadISDH.land process diagram'. Station measurement, climatological and homogeneity adjustment uncertainties are estimated for each month. Climatological averages are calculated over 1981-2010 and monthly mean climate anomalies obtained. These anomalies (in addition to climatological mean and standard deviation, actual values and uncertainty components) are then averaged over 5° by 5° gridboxes centred on -177.5°W and -87.5°S to 177.5°E and 87.5°N. Given the uneven distribution of stations over time and space, sampling uncertainty is estimated for each gridbox month. \r\n\r\nFor greater detail please see: Willett, K. M., Dunn, R. J. H., Thorne, P. W., Bell, S., de Podesta, M., Parker, D. E., Jones, P. D., and Williams Jr., C. N.: HadISDH land surface multi-variable humidity and temperature record for climate monitoring, Clim. Past, 10, 1983-2006, doi:10.5194/cp-10-1983-2014, 2014. \r\n\r\nWillett, K. M., Williams Jr., C. N., Dunn, R. J. H., Thorne, P. W., Bell, S., de Podesta, M., Jones, P. D., and Parker D. E., 2013: HadISDH: An updated land surface specific humidity product for climate monitoring. Climate of the Past, 9, 657-677, doi:10.5194/cp-9-657-2013. \r\n\r\nDocs contains links to both these publications." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 157 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2526, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "public", "accessRoles": null, "label": "public: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 13164, "uuid": "ce252c81a7bd4717834055e31716b265", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre - Observations and Climate", "abstract": "The Met Office Hadley Centre is one of the UK's foremost climate change research centres.\r\n\r\nThe Hadley Centre produces world-class guidance on the science of climate change and provide a focus in the UK for the scientific issues associated with climate science.\r\n\r\nLargely co-funded by Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) and Defra (the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), the centre provides in-depth information to, and advise, the Government on climate science issues.\r\n\r\nAs one of the world's leading centres for climate science research, the Hadley Centre scientists make significant contributions to peer-reviewed literature and to a variety of climate science reports, including the Assessment Report of the IPCC. The Hadley Centre climate projections were the basis for the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 56887, 56888, 56889, 56891, 56892, 56894, 56895, 60438, 67665, 67666, 67667, 67668, 67669, 67670, 67671, 67672, 67673, 67674, 67680, 67681, 67682, 67683, 67684, 67685, 67686, 67687, 67688, 67689, 67690, 67691, 67692, 67693, 67694, 67695, 67696, 67697, 67698, 67699, 67700, 67701, 67702, 67703, 67704, 67705, 67706, 67707, 67708, 67709, 67710, 70752, 70754, 70756, 70757, 70758, 70759, 70760, 73571, 73572, 73573 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13426 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 13522, "uuid": "251474c7b09449d8b9e7aeaf1461858f", "short_code": "coll", "title": "HadISDH: global surface humidity data", "abstract": "HadISDH (Integrated Surface Database Humidity) is a monthly 5° by 5° gridded global surface humidity climate monitoring dataset created from in-situ sub-daily synoptic data. The data have been quality controlled and homogenised (land), bias adjusted (marine) and buddy checked (marine). \r\n\r\nMonthly mean climate anomalies are provided alongside uncertainty estimates, actual values, climatological means and standard deviations for specific humidity, relative humidity, vapour pressure, dew point temperature, wet bulb temperature, dew point depression in addition to the simultaneously observed temperature." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211929, 211930, 211931, 211932, 211933, 211925, 211926, 211927, 211928, 211934, 211935, 211936, 211938, 211939, 211940, 211941, 211942 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 93129, 93130, 93131, 93132, 93133, 93134, 93136, 93137, 93138, 93139, 93140, 93141, 93135 ] }, { "ob_id": 44300, "uuid": "313854aedcb04a5eb56f711401a87396", "title": "ESA Land Cover Climate Change Initiative (Land_Cover_cci): Global Plant Functional Types (PFT) Dataset, v2.0.81", "abstract": "This dataset contains Global Plant Functional Types (PFT) data, from the ESA Medium Resolution Land Cover (MRLC) Climate Change Initiative project. The data provides yearly data, and initially covers the time period from 1992 to 2020. It is anticipated that the dataset will be updated annually going forward.\r\n\r\nThis version of the data is v2.0.81, which corrects an issue found with a file in v2.0.8.\r\n\r\nThe PFT v2.0.81 global dataset has 14 layers, each describing the percentage cover (0-100%) of a plant functional type at a spatial resolution of 300 m: broadleaved evergreen trees, broadleaved deciduous trees, needleleaved evergreen trees, needleleaved deciduous trees, broadleaved evergreen shrubs, broadleaved deciduous shrubs, needleleaved evergreen shrubs, needleleaved deciduous shrubs, natural grasses, herbaceous cropland (i.e., managed grasses), built, water, bare areas, and snow and ice.\r\n\r\n\"Plant Functional Types” (PFTs) refer to globally representative and similarly behaving plant types. PFTs can be related to physiognomy and phenology, climate (which defines the geographical ranges in which a plant type can grow and reproduce under natural conditions, and physiological activity (e.g., C3/C4 photosynthetic pathways).\r\n\r\nAll terrestrial zones of the Earth between the parallels 90°N and 90°S are covered. The PFT dataset has a regular latitude-longitude grid with a grid spacing of 0.002777777777778°, corresponding to ~300 m at the equator and ~200 m in the midlatitudes. The Coordinate Reference System used for the global land cover database is a geographic coordinate system (GCS) based on the World Geodetic System 84 (WGS84) reference ellipsoid.\r\n\r\nThe plant functional type (PFT) distribution was created by combining auxiliary data products with the CCI MRLC map series. The LC classification provides the broad characteristics of the 300 m pixel, including the expected vegetation form(s) (tree, shrub, grass) and/or abiotic land type(s) (water, bare area, snow and ice, built-up) in the pixel. For some classes, the class legend specifies an expected range for the fractional covers of the contributing PFTs and broadly differentiates between natural and cultivated vegetation. We used a quantitative, globally consistent method that fuses the 300-metre MRLC product with a suite of existing high-resolution datasets to develop spatially explicit annual maps of PFT fractional composition at 300 metres. The new PFT product exhibits intraclass spatial variability in PFT fractional cover at the 300-metre pixel level and is complementary to the MRLC maps since the derived PFT fractions maintain consistency with the original LC class legend. \r\n\r\nThis dataset was generated to reduce the cross-walking component of uncertainty by adding spatial variability to the PFT composition within a LC class. This work moved beyond fine-tuning the cross-walking approach for specific LC classes or regions and, instead, separately quantifies the PFT fractional composition for each 300 m pixel globally. The result is a dataset representing the cover fractions of 14 PFTs at 300 m for each year within the time range, consistent with the CCI MRLC LC maps for the corresponding year.\r\n\r\nThis study was carried out with the continued support of the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative under the contract ESA/No.4000126564 Land_Cover_cci.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2023-01-25T17:29:48", "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "annually", "dataLineage": "Data were processed by the ESA CCI Medium Resolution Land Cover project and catalogued here as part of the CCI Open Data Portal Project", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "Land Cover, CCI, PFT", "publicationState": "published", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": true, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "ongoing", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-09-30T11:01:48", "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 529, "bboxName": "Global (-180 to 180)", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44873, "dataPath": "/neodc/esacci/land_cover/data/pft/v2.0.81/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 51406699339, "numberOfFiles": 30, "fileFormat": "netcdf" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 10972, "startTime": "1992-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2020-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 3953, "explanation": "For more information on the data quality see the documentation from the ESA Land Cover project", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2022-05-19" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": { "ob_id": 39602, "uuid": "a02af9e7251847148b22bef51a4d0add", "short_code": "comp", "title": "Derivation of the ESA Land Cover Climate Change Initiative (Land_Cover_cci): Global Plant Function Types (PFT) Dataset", "abstract": "The plant functional type (PFT) distribution was created by combining auxiliary data products with the CCI Medium Resolution Land Cover (MRLC) map series. The land cover (LC) classification provides the broad characteristics of the 300 m pixel, including the expected vegetation form(s) (tree, shrub, grass) and/or abiotic land type(s) (water, bare area, snow and ice, built-up) in the pixel. For some classes, the class legend specifies an expected range for the fractional covers of the contributing PFTs and broadly differentiates between natural and cultivated vegetation. We used a quantitative, globally consistent method that fuses the 300-metre MRLC product with a suite of existing high-resolution datasets to develop spatially explicit annual maps of PFT fractional composition at 300 metres. The new PFT product exhibits intraclass spatial variability in PFT fractional cover at the 300-metre pixel level and is complementary to the MRLC maps since the derived PFT fractions maintain consistency with the original LC class legend. \r\n\r\nThis dataset was generated to reduce the cross-walking component of uncertainty by adding spatial variability to the PFT composition within a LC class. This work moved beyond fine-tuning the cross-walking approach for specific LC classes or regions and, instead, separately quantifies the PFT fractional composition for each 300 m pixel globally. The result is a dataset representing the cover fractions of 14 PFTs at 300 m for each year within the time range, consistent with the CCI MRLC LC maps for the corresponding year." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 111 ], "discoveryKeywords": [ { "ob_id": 1140, "name": "ESACCI" } ], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2601, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "public", "accessRoles": null, "label": "public: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 60, "licenceURL": "https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/specific_licences/esacci_landcover_terms_and_conditions.pdf", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 14431, "uuid": "40e37317e38d4264ae57ecb515b781fa", "short_code": "proj", "title": "ESA Land Cover Climate Change Initiative Project", "abstract": "The ESA Land Cover Climate Change Initiative Project is part of the European Space Agency's Climate Change Initiative to produce long term datasets of Essential Climate Variables (ECV's) from historic satellite data.\r\n\r\nLand cover is defined as the (bio) physical cover at the earth surface including grass, trees, bare ground and water. Land cover is fundamental to better understand the climate through the estimation and validation of fluxes of water, carbon, and energy. It plays a role in adaptation and mitigation assessments at various scales.\r\n\r\nThe projects objective is to critically revisit all algorithms required for the generation of global land product in the light of GCOS requirements, and to design and demonstrate a mature system delivering in a consistent way over years and from multi-mission Earth Observation instruments, the longest possible global land cover map series at 300m, matching the needs of key users belonging to the climate change and land cover communities. The focus is placed on ESA and Member States missions, providing near daily global surface reflectance observation at moderate spatial resolution from 1999 onwards (MERIS Full Resolution (FR) & Reduced Resolution (RR), SPOT VEGETATION, PROBA-V and ASAR data), while the contribution of the AVHRR sensor tackles specific past years back to 1992." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 8143, 8144, 27599, 50559, 50561, 60438, 68006, 68007, 68008, 68009, 68010, 68011, 68012, 68013, 68014, 68015, 68016, 68017, 68018, 68019, 68020, 68021, 68022 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 14430, "uuid": "c19b0914521144ab8c18c91d586c6847", "short_code": "coll", "title": "ESA Land Cover Climate Change Initiative (Land Cover CCI) Dataset Collection", "abstract": "The Land Cover CCI has generated a number of data products as part of its Climate Data Research Package. These consist of: \r\n\r\n- A new time series of consistent global LC maps at 300 m spatial resolution on an annual basis from 1992 to 2015;\r\n- 1 user tool for sub-setting, re-projecting and re-sampling the products in a way which is suitable to each climate model.\r\n- The full archive of AVHRR HRPT 1 km surface reflectance 7-day composites from 1992 to 1999;\r\n- The full archive of MERIS surface reflectance 7-day composites from 2003 to 2011 (300 m and 1 km resolution);\r\n- A PROBA-V 1 km time series of surface reflectance 7-day composites from mid March 2014 to end 2015;\r\n- 1 static map of open water bodies including ENVISAT ASAR data;\r\n- 3 global land surface seasonality products characterizing the vegetation greenness, the snow and the burned areas dynamics.\r\n\r\nIn the context of the CCI Open Data portal, a subset of these data products are held within the CEDA archive. \r\n\r\nThe complete set of data products are available from the CCI Landcover team via their portal at: http://maps.elie.ucl.ac.be/CCI/viewer/" } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211946, 211947, 211948, 211945, 211949, 211950, 211951, 211944, 211952, 211953, 211954, 211955, 211956, 211957, 211958, 211959, 211960, 211961, 211962, 211963 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 93142, 93143, 93144, 93145 ] }, { "ob_id": 44301, "uuid": "6c22eae41b52429eb23f00272c3e1baf", "title": "WOEST: RHI and PPI scan measurements from the NCAS S-Band CAMRa Weather Radar unit 1 deployed at the NCAS Chilbolton Atmospheric Observatory (CAO) Level 1, v1.0.1 (20230602-20230825)", "abstract": "RHI (range-height indicator) and PPI (plan-position indicator) measurements from the NCAS S-Band CAMRa Weather Radar unit 1 deployed at the NCAS Chilbolton Atmospheric Observatory (CAO). These observations were taken as part of the WesCon - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST) project between 20230602 and 20230825.\r\nThis dataset contains level 1 processed data products version v1.0.1\r\n\r\nData products from this deployment include: rhi, ppi\r\nThis version v1.0.1 supersedes the previous version v1.0.0 and includes some additional observations that were not present previously.\r\n\r\nFor further details of this deployment and the associated dataset please see the internal file metadata.\r\n\r\nThese data conform to the NCAS data standards and are available under the UK Government Open Licence agreement. Acknowledgement of NCAS as the data provider is required whenever and wherever these data are used.", "creationDate": "2025-04-16T16:11:07.270008", "lastUpdatedDate": "2025-04-16T16:11:07", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-07T02:00:13", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "Data were processed and prepared by the project team before delivery to the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "NCAS, observation measurements", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "ongoing", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-05-20T16:33:23", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-08-01T10:17:30", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4761, "bboxName": "Chilbolton, Hampshire, England.", "eastBoundLongitude": 1.4129, "westBoundLongitude": -4.287, "southBoundLatitude": 49.357, "northBoundLatitude": 52.932 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44302, "dataPath": "/badc/ncas-cao/data/ncas-radar-camra-1/20230602_woest/v1.0.1", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 131357543689, "numberOfFiles": 18031, "fileFormat": "Data are NetCDF formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12392, "startTime": "2023-06-02T12:43:48", "endTime": "2023-08-25T11:56:26" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4732, "explanation": "These Level 1 data have been produced in accordance with standard NCAS observational practices. It has not received the full final calibration checks but has been checked for compliance with NCAS Data Standards.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "NCAS Sband CAMRA Level1 Data Quality Statement", "date": "2025-05-16" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": { "ob_id": 44111, "uuid": "4a326db4f41342a18e5c4fa48242a4d4", "short_code": "acq", "title": "WesCon - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence: NCAS X-Band CAMRa Weather Radar unit 1 instrument instrument deployed at NCAS Chilbolton Atmospheric Observatory (CAO)", "abstract": "WesCon - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence: NCAS X-Band CAMRa Weather Radar unit 1 instrument instrument deployed at NCAS Chilbolton Atmospheric Observatory (CAO)." }, "procedureComputation": null, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 223 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2522, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "registered", "accessRoles": null, "label": "registered: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 43720, "uuid": "d3685300168848f290dd3a9ec14cc8ac", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Wessex Convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST)", "abstract": "This project, WesCon - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST), complements the Met Office's Wessex Convection Experiment (WesCon) project by enabling frequent observations of the same turbulent structures at high resolution. In terms of moist convective turbulence, WOEST will radically advance observations of cloud dynamics by tracking precipitating cores of convective clouds and the turbulent regions embedded within them in real-time using four dual-polarisation Doppler radars. The radar scans will also be coordinated with the FAAM aircraft location to enable coincident observations. In terms of boundary-layer turbulence and variability, their evolution will be captured uniquely by multiple UAS, which will be coordinated to capture hourly profiles of temperature, humidity, and winds to study the small-scale variability in the lowest 2km of the atmosphere. Additionally, an array of cloud cameras will be used to reconstruct the 3D motion and evolution of boundary-layer clouds, to be related to the turbulent and dynamic evolution of the boundary layer as measured by remote sensing instruments such as lidar (to measure cloud bases and humidity profiles) and wind profilers.\r\n\r\nThe observations gathered in WOEST will capture turbulent processes in the atmosphere at a range of fine spatial and temporal scales. Our multi-instrument approach will enable us to evaluate simulations of turbulence and dynamics in convective clouds and how the structure and evolution of the boundary layer influence moist convective turbulence at a range of scales, including at the process-level relating turbulence to the strength and size of updrafts. This will lead to a new understanding of the variability and evolution of the boundary layer in the context of the surrounding cloud field and the variability of turbulence and cloud dynamics. Such insights should lead to significant improvements within the sub-grid turbulence parametrisations that allow both km-scale global weather and climate simulations and sub-km-scale regional weather forecasts to more accurately predict the evolution and intensity of hazardous convective storms." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 50542, 50543, 59145, 83941, 83942, 83943, 83944, 83945, 83946, 83947, 83948, 83949, 83950, 83951, 83952, 83953, 83954, 83955, 83956, 83957, 83958, 83959, 83960, 83961, 83962, 83963, 83964, 83965, 83966, 83967, 83968, 83969, 83970, 83971, 83972, 83973 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13460 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 43875, "uuid": "36756ff1928f4a1684902b470cda774e", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST)", "abstract": "A collection of groundbased and airborne datasets gathered to capture turbulent processes in the atmosphere at a range of fine spatial and temporal scales for the Wessex convection experiment - Observing the Evolving Structures of Turbulence (WOEST) project during summer 2023. This multi-instrument collection is used to evaluate simulations of turbulence and dynamics in convective clouds and how the structure and evolution of the boundary layer influences moist convective turbulence at a range of scales." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211964, 211965, 211966, 211967, 211968, 211969, 211970, 211971 ], "onlineresource_set": [] }, { "ob_id": 44312, "uuid": "1bb6e56ea0814126952c45214b8e8f7f", "title": "Vertical Profiles of Ozone and other Trace Gases from OMI AURA - Version 2.14", "abstract": "This dataset contains version 2.14 ozone profiles derived by the Remote Sensing Group (RSG) at the STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire, UK, as part of the National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO). These were derived from radiances measured by the OMI on-board AURA.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": null, "latestDataUpdateTime": null, "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "ozone, tropospheric ozone, satellite, observation, global, ESA CCI, OMI, AURA", "publicationState": "preview", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": true, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "pending", "dataPublishedTime": null, "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 1, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 180.0, "westBoundLongitude": -180.0, "southBoundLatitude": -90.0, "northBoundLatitude": 90.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": null, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 11104, "startTime": "1995-06-27T00:00:00", "endTime": "2011-06-18T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4476, "explanation": "Data are as given by the data provider, no quality control has been performed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2024-01-08" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": null, "procedureCompositeProcess": { "ob_id": 44314, "uuid": "af808584a43c4712a3866531afcd327e", "short_code": "cmppr", "title": "Composite Process for: Vertical Profiles of Ozone and other Trace Gases from OMI AURA - Version 2.14", "abstract": "The Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) was an instrument aboard EOS AURA." }, "imageDetails": [ 46 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 19260, "uuid": "af7b7d3d918248dfbf2a8bec4ecb07ad", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME)", "abstract": "The Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) was an instrument aboard ERS-2. The main scientific objective of the GOME mission is to measure the global distribution of ozone and several trace gases which play an important role in the ozone chemistry of the Earth's stratosphere and troposphere, for example, NO2, BrO, OClO, and SO2." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 43018, "uuid": "38a7bf730db84cd9951fd4f71f386563", "short_code": "coll", "title": "RAL Ozone collection", "abstract": "A collection of satellite retrieved ozone products produced by the Remote Sensing Group at RAL Space, Oxfordshire, UK, as part of the National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO). Ozone products were derived from radiances measured by the UV-visible Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) class of instruments: GOME, SCIAMACHY, OMI, GOME-2(A-C), TROPOMI (Sentinel-5P), Sentinel-4 and 5.\r\n\r\nThe original GOME was an instrument aboard ERS-2 (1995). The main scientific objective of the mission was to measure the global distribution of ozone and several trace gases that play an important role in the ozone chemistry of the Earth's stratosphere and troposphere, for example, NO2, BrO, OClO, and SO2. This has been continued since 1995 with various European follow-on instruments.\r\n\r\nAlgorithm development and data processing was primarily funded by UK National funding, initially through the Data Assimilation Research Centre (DARC) and then NCEO, both under the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). Additional funding has been provided from numerous contracts, including from ESA and EUMETSAT studies, the ESA Climate Change Initiative (CCI) and EU Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) and the UK Earth Observation Climate Information Service (EOCIS). Input datasets were provided by ESA, EUMETSAT and ECMWF." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211982, 211983, 211984, 211985, 211986, 211987, 211988, 211989, 211990, 211991 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 93151, 93152, 93153 ] }, { "ob_id": 44315, "uuid": "ebb1bd2603cc4efc8ce1d745d03932b5", "title": "JNCC Sentinel-2 indices Analysis Ready Data (ARD) Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) v2", "abstract": "NDVI is a widely used index that quantifies vegetation greenness and can provide an indication of vegetation health and vegetation density. It is calculated as the ratio between the near-infrared (NIR) and red bands. Positive values generally correspond to vegetation, with higher values reflecting healthy, dense vegetation.\r\n\r\nNDVI = (NIR – RED) / (NIR + RED)\r\n\r\nSentinel-2 NDVI (Defra/JNCC ARD bands) = (B07 – B03) / (B07 + B03)\r\n\r\nEquivalent ESA Sentinel-2 bands: B08, B04\r\n\r\nData are provided in EPSG: 27700 OSGB36 / British National Grid, with a pixel size of 10m, and data is pixel-aligned to the source ARD file. No-data pixels are set to a value of -9999.\r\n\r\nThese data have been created by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) as part of the “Earth observation-based habitat change detection” project. This project is funded by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) as part of the Natural Capital and Ecosystem Assessment (NCEA) programme. The project seeks to facilitate the effective uptake and use of Earth Observation data by producing data and tools for investigating and detecting parcel-level change in habitats and habitat condition. \r\n\r\nThe dataset contains NDVI, NDMI, NDWI, NBR and EVI2 indices derived from Defra and JNCC Sentinel-2 ARD. Index files have been generated for Sentinel-2 granules covering England and Scotland for the period from 2015 to 2025. Note that new unmasked index files (v2) have superseded the previous masked index files (v1). Masked files will no longer be produced. Users can mask the new index files if required using the cloud and topographic shadow masks provided with the ARD, or masks of their choice. \r\n\r\nContains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2015-2025", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-07-10T01:57:42", "updateFrequency": "", "dataLineage": "Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2015-2025\r\n\r\nData were produced by the project team and supplied for archiving at the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "JNCC, ARD, NDVI, Sentinel 2, EO indices, Analysis Ready Data, Sentinel, Normalised Difference Vegetation Index, NCEA", "publicationState": "published", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "ongoing", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-07-09T07:24:21", "doiPublishedTime": null, "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 4785, "bboxName": "England_and_Scotland", "eastBoundLongitude": 2.02, "westBoundLongitude": -7.65, "southBoundLatitude": 49.48, "northBoundLatitude": 59.48 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44316, "dataPath": "/neodc/sentinel_ard/products/indices/sentinel_2/ndvi/v2/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 16696178679447, "numberOfFiles": 60828, "fileFormat": "These data are provided in Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) format." }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12395, "startTime": "2015-07-08T00:00:00", "endTime": "2024-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4733, "explanation": "All index files are quality checked automatically as part of the processing workflow. 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No-data pixels are set to a value of -9999.\r\nContains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2015-2025.\r\nDetails on the software can be found in the details/docs tab." }, "imageDetails": [], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2526, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "public", "accessRoles": null, "label": "public: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 30197, "uuid": "14818d07b867480c90ed01fbf81d9346", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Defra and JNCC Analysis Ready Sentinel Data", "abstract": "Defra and JNCC aim to provide timely, cost-effective, and high-quality, Analysis Ready Sentinel Data (ARD) for a wide range of applications. These data are provided for the UK geographic area for this project. The indices datasets currently cover Yorkshire, UK, but coverage will be expanded in the future. These products have been produced using the Copernicus satellites, Sentinel 1 and Sentinel 2." }, { "ob_id": 44948, "uuid": "47150f1b97dd4dabae115c8369860771", "short_code": "proj", "title": "JNCC NCEA Habitat Condition Change Project", "abstract": "Sentinel 1 and Sentinel 2 derived index layers have been created by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) as part of the Earth observation-based “Habitat Condition Change” project (HabCon). This project is funded by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) as part of the Natural Capital and Ecosystem Assessment (NCEA) programme. The project seeks to facilitate the effective uptake and use of Earth Observation data by producing data and tools for investigating and detecting parcel-level change in habitats and habitat condition.\r\nIndex files were derived from Defra and JNCC Sentinel 1 and Sentinel 2 ARD across England and Scotland for the period 2015 to 2025 and will be added to regularly. \r\nThe Sentinel 2 dataset contains NDVI, NDMI, NDWI, NBR and EVI2 indices. \r\nFor Sentinel 1, VH/VV cross-ratio files have been generated for Sentinel-1A ascending orbit granules only." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13393 ], "observationcollection_set": [], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 211996, 211997, 211998, 211999, 212000, 212001, 211994, 211995 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 93155, 93154, 93161, 93162, 93163 ] }, { "ob_id": 44320, "uuid": "35fb8318798e437ba5b108e5eca6e92d", "title": "Monthly Mean, Minimum and Maximum Central England Temperature (HadCET) series v2.1.0.0", "abstract": "The Central England Temperature (HadCET) monthly series start in 1659 for mean temperature and 1878 for minimum and maximum temperature.\r\n\r\nThese historical temperature series are representative of the Midlands region in England, UK (a roughly triangular area of the United Kingdom enclosed by Bristol, Lancashire and London).\r\n \r\nThe monthly temperature series are derived as the mean of the daily temperature series values.\r\n \r\nFor mean temperature, the monthly values from 1659 to 1771 are derived directly from Gordon Manley's monthly mean values.\r\n\r\nStations used in the construction of the CET daily series between 1772 and 1852 include: Kennington, Crane Court, Lyndon Hall, Syon House, Somerset House, Greenwich Observatory, Chiswick\r\n \r\nStations used in the construction of the CET daily series from 1853 onwards include: Radcliffe (Oxford), Cambridge (legacy), Ross-on-Wye, Rothamsted, Malvern, Stonyhurst, Ringway, Squires Gate, Pershore College\r\n \r\nThe current station selection used is Rothamsted, Stonyhurst and Pershore College.\r\n \r\nThe dataset is compiled by the Met Office Hadley Centre.\r\n\r\nLatest provisional release data are available via the Hadley Centre Observations website (https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcet/data/download.html).\r\n\r\nThe version controlled CET series is updated annually (February-March), with the previous complete year’s values refreshed to ensure that data acquisition and quality control procedures have been completed and ensure the most accurate station temperature values are used. Each version of the dataset will include data up until the end of the previous complete year and an incremental version number will be updated.\r\n\r\nThe CET datasets employ the following version control protocol: \r\n\r\nVersion Vx.y.z.a:\r\n• x – major changes – e.g. change in scientific methodology\r\n• y – minor changes – e.g. small bug fixes or updates to diagnostics pages\r\n• z – incremental changes\r\n• a – reserved for use internally\r\n\r\nThe standard annual release cycle of CET will constitute an incremental release (z). However, if more substantial\r\nchanges have been made to the codebase, scientific methodology or source data values, then this may warrant a minor (y) or major (x) version release. (Note, these are applied to a cohort of datasets together - i.e. apply to the seasonal, monthly, daily and adjustment datasets as a coordinated version release).\r\n\r\nThis new version of the datasets supersedes the previous version.", "creationDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57.183554", "lastUpdatedDate": "2022-07-22T09:15:57", "latestDataUpdateTime": "2025-06-18T01:55:58", "updateFrequency": "notPlanned", "dataLineage": "The HadCET dataset is produced by the Met Office Hadley Centre and frequently updated on the Hadley Centre observations datasets webpage. This is a finalised version of the dataset that has been delivered by the Met Office Hadley Centre for long-term archiving at the NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).", "removedDataReason": "", "keywords": "HadCET, temperature, Hadley, Met Office", "publicationState": "citable", "nonGeographicFlag": false, "dontHarvestFromProjects": false, "language": "English", "resolution": "", "status": "final", "dataPublishedTime": "2025-06-05T10:56:29", "doiPublishedTime": "2025-06-05T10:56:33.023262", "removedDataTime": null, "geographicExtent": { "ob_id": 2, "bboxName": "", "eastBoundLongitude": 1.0, "westBoundLongitude": -4.0, "southBoundLatitude": 51.0, "northBoundLatitude": 54.0 }, "verticalExtent": null, "result_field": { "ob_id": 44326, "dataPath": "/badc/ukmo-cet/data/v2.1.0.0/monthly/", "oldDataPath": [], "storageLocation": "internal", "storageStatus": "online", "volume": 153444, "numberOfFiles": 7, "fileFormat": "Data are BADC-CSV formatted" }, "timePeriod": { "ob_id": 12411, "startTime": "1659-01-01T00:00:00", "endTime": "2024-12-31T23:59:59" }, "resultQuality": { "ob_id": 4, "explanation": "Data is quality-controlled by the Met Office.", "passesTest": true, "resultTitle": "CEDA Data Quality Statement", "date": "2014-01-28" }, "validTimePeriod": null, "procedureAcquisition": null, "procedureComputation": null, "procedureCompositeProcess": { "ob_id": 43874, "uuid": "5ade1276557240b18823adae67c07991", "short_code": "cmppr", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre CET v2 data process", "abstract": "Met Office Hadley Centre CET v2 data process" }, "imageDetails": [ 157 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2526, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "public", "accessRoles": null, "label": "public: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 13164, "uuid": "ce252c81a7bd4717834055e31716b265", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre - Observations and Climate", "abstract": "The Met Office Hadley Centre is one of the UK's foremost climate change research centres.\r\n\r\nThe Hadley Centre produces world-class guidance on the science of climate change and provide a focus in the UK for the scientific issues associated with climate science.\r\n\r\nLargely co-funded by Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) and Defra (the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), the centre provides in-depth information to, and advise, the Government on climate science issues.\r\n\r\nAs one of the world's leading centres for climate science research, the Hadley Centre scientists make significant contributions to peer-reviewed literature and to a variety of climate science reports, including the Assessment Report of the IPCC. The Hadley Centre climate projections were the basis for the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 76324, 76327, 76331, 76333, 76335, 76339, 76342, 76343, 76344, 76345, 76346, 76347, 76348, 76349, 76350, 76351, 76352, 76353, 76354, 76355, 76356, 76357, 76358, 76359, 76360, 76361, 76362, 76363, 76364, 76365, 76366, 76367, 76368, 76369, 76370, 76371, 76372, 76373, 76374, 76375, 76376, 76377 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13401 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 43588, "uuid": "f1e8696c6d5746e694fde4d6022e5a36", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre Central England Temperature (HadCET) All Versions Collection", "abstract": "The Central England Temperature (CET) series is the longest available instrumental record of temperature in the world, with the monthly mean temperature extending back to 1659 and the daily mean temperature series extending back to 1772. The daily and monthly minimum and maximum temperature series extend back to 1878.\r\n\r\nThese historical temperature series have been constructed to provide a long running temperature record for the Central England region, a roughly triangular area of the United Kingdom enclosed by Somerset, Lancashire and London. The CET value is then calculated as an average of the recorded temperatures for a few stations which are selected as representative of the region as a whole. Although the selected stations have changed over time, due primarily to station closures, the series is homogenised to ensure that it remains consistent.\r\n\r\nStations used in the construction of the CET series between 1772 and 1852 include: Kennington, Crane Court, Lyndon Hall, Syon House, Somerset House, Greenwich Observatory, Chiswick.\r\n\r\nStations used in the construction of the CET series from 1853 onwards include: Radcliffe (Oxford), Cambridge (legacy), Ross-on-Wye, Rothamsted, Malvern, Stonyhurst, Ringway, Squires Gate, Pershore College.\r\n\r\nGordon Manley (1953, 1974) compiled most of the monthly series from 1659 to 1973, and the mean temperature series is adjusted up to 1973 to align with Manley's recorded daily mean temperature values. The series data were updated to 1991 by Parker et al (1992) and comprise the V2 series which is updated with the latest values. For latest updates please see Legg et al (2025).\r\n\r\nAfter 1973, the series is adjusted to extend the alignment with Manley's series. Further adjustments are applied to homogenise the current station selection to that used by Manley as well as to account for urbanisation.\r\n\r\nThe version controlled CET series is updated annually (February-March), with the previous complete year’s values refreshed to ensure that data acquisition and quality control procedures have been completed and ensure the most accurate station temperature values are used. Each version of the dataset will include data up until the end of the previous complete year and an incremental version number will be updated.\r\n\r\nThe CET datasets employ the following version control protocol: \r\n\r\nVersion Vx.y.z.a:\r\n• x – major changes – e.g. change in scientific methodology\r\n• y – minor changes – e.g. small bug fixes or updates to diagnostics pages\r\n• z – incremental changes\r\n• a – reserved for use internally\r\n\r\nThe standard annual release cycle of CET will constitute an incremental release (z). However, if more substantial\r\nchanges have been made to the codebase, scientific methodology or source data values, then this may warrant a minor (y) or major (x) version release. 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Link also available in the list of online resources on this record.\r\n\r\nNote: the v1.0.0.0 datasets within the collection on the CEDA archive were originally pulled over monthly from the Met Office Hadley Centre website on a monthly basis until the end of July 2022." } ], "responsiblepartyinfo_set": [ 212010, 212011, 212012, 212006, 212007, 212008, 212009, 212005 ], "onlineresource_set": [ 93172, 93177, 93173, 93179, 93174, 93175, 93178, 93176, 93181, 93180 ] }, { "ob_id": 44321, "uuid": "2c9baaf3b032435980cdbd1b23038aa1", "title": "Mean, Minimum and Maximum Central England Temperature (HadCET) series post 1973 static adjustments, v2.1.0.0", "abstract": "The Central England Temperature (HadCET) daily mean series is anchored to Gordon Manley’s original temperature record prior to 1973. Between 1848 and 1878, adjustments are applied to account for periods when only a single station was in use.\r\n\r\nThese historical temperature series are representative of the Midlands region in England, UK (a roughly triangular area of the United Kingdom enclosed by Bristol, Lancashire and London).\r\n \r\nFrom 1973 onwards, multiple adjustments ensure continuity with Manley’s series, homogenise the current station selection with Manley’s original dataset, and correct for the effects of increasing urbanisation.\r\n \r\nThese static adjustments are calculated on a monthly basis and are applied uniformly to all daily values within each month from 1973 to the present. \r\n \r\nUrbanisation adjustments remain static from November 2004 onward, while adjustments between 1974 and October 2004 are graded to reflect a progressive increase in urbanisation effects over time.\r\n \r\nThis dataset contains the post-Manley extended adjustments, station homogenisation adjustments, and static urban corrections.\r\n\r\nStations used in the construction of the CET daily series between 1772 and 1852 include: Kennington, Crane Court, Lyndon Hall, Syon House, Somerset House, Greenwich Observatory, Chiswick\r\n \r\nStations used in the construction of the CET daily series from 1853 onwards include: Radcliffe (Oxford), Cambridge (legacy), Ross-on-Wye, Rothamsted, Malvern, Stonyhurst, Ringway, Squires Gate, Pershore College\r\n \r\nThe current station selection used is Rothamsted, Stonyhurst and Pershore College.\r\n\r\nThe dataset is compiled by the Met Office Hadley Centre.\r\n\r\nLatest provisional release data are available via the Hadley Centre Observations website (https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcet/data/download.html).\r\n\r\nThe version controlled CET series is updated annually (February-March), with the previous complete year’s values refreshed to ensure that data acquisition and quality control procedures have been completed and ensure the most accurate station temperature values are used. Each version of the dataset will include data up until the end of the previous complete year and an incremental version number will be updated.\r\n\r\nThe CET datasets employ the following version control protocol: \r\n\r\nVersion Vx.y.z.a:\r\n• x – major changes – e.g. change in scientific methodology\r\n• y – minor changes – e.g. small bug fixes or updates to diagnostics pages\r\n• z – incremental changes\r\n• a – reserved for use internally\r\n\r\nThe standard annual release cycle of CET will constitute an incremental release (z). However, if more substantial\r\nchanges have been made to the codebase, scientific methodology or source data values, then this may warrant a minor (y) or major (x) version release. 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See Legg et al. (2025) for a full description of these processes and adjustments applied. References are available as online references on this record." }, "procedureCompositeProcess": null, "imageDetails": [ 157 ], "discoveryKeywords": [], "permissions": [ { "ob_id": 2526, "accessConstraints": null, "accessCategory": "public", "accessRoles": null, "label": "public: None group", "licence": { "ob_id": 3, "licenceURL": "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "licenceClassifications": [ { "ob_id": 3, "classification": "any" } ] } } ], "projects": [ { "ob_id": 13164, "uuid": "ce252c81a7bd4717834055e31716b265", "short_code": "proj", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre - Observations and Climate", "abstract": "The Met Office Hadley Centre is one of the UK's foremost climate change research centres.\r\n\r\nThe Hadley Centre produces world-class guidance on the science of climate change and provide a focus in the UK for the scientific issues associated with climate science.\r\n\r\nLargely co-funded by Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) and Defra (the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), the centre provides in-depth information to, and advise, the Government on climate science issues.\r\n\r\nAs one of the world's leading centres for climate science research, the Hadley Centre scientists make significant contributions to peer-reviewed literature and to a variety of climate science reports, including the Assessment Report of the IPCC. The Hadley Centre climate projections were the basis for the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change." } ], "inspireTheme": [], "topicCategory": [], "phenomena": [ 57649, 76378, 76379, 76380, 76381, 76382, 76383, 76384, 76385, 76386, 76387, 76388, 76389, 76390, 76391 ], "vocabularyKeywords": [], "identifier_set": [ 13402 ], "observationcollection_set": [ { "ob_id": 43588, "uuid": "f1e8696c6d5746e694fde4d6022e5a36", "short_code": "coll", "title": "Met Office Hadley Centre Central England Temperature (HadCET) All Versions Collection", "abstract": "The Central England Temperature (CET) series is the longest available instrumental record of temperature in the world, with the monthly mean temperature extending back to 1659 and the daily mean temperature series extending back to 1772. The daily and monthly minimum and maximum temperature series extend back to 1878.\r\n\r\nThese historical temperature series have been constructed to provide a long running temperature record for the Central England region, a roughly triangular area of the United Kingdom enclosed by Somerset, Lancashire and London. The CET value is then calculated as an average of the recorded temperatures for a few stations which are selected as representative of the region as a whole. Although the selected stations have changed over time, due primarily to station closures, the series is homogenised to ensure that it remains consistent.\r\n\r\nStations used in the construction of the CET series between 1772 and 1852 include: Kennington, Crane Court, Lyndon Hall, Syon House, Somerset House, Greenwich Observatory, Chiswick.\r\n\r\nStations used in the construction of the CET series from 1853 onwards include: Radcliffe (Oxford), Cambridge (legacy), Ross-on-Wye, Rothamsted, Malvern, Stonyhurst, Ringway, Squires Gate, Pershore College.\r\n\r\nGordon Manley (1953, 1974) compiled most of the monthly series from 1659 to 1973, and the mean temperature series is adjusted up to 1973 to align with Manley's recorded daily mean temperature values. The series data were updated to 1991 by Parker et al (1992) and comprise the V2 series which is updated with the latest values. For latest updates please see Legg et al (2025).\r\n\r\nAfter 1973, the series is adjusted to extend the alignment with Manley's series. Further adjustments are applied to homogenise the current station selection to that used by Manley as well as to account for urbanisation.\r\n\r\nThe version controlled CET series is updated annually (February-March), with the previous complete year’s values refreshed to ensure that data acquisition and quality control procedures have been completed and ensure the most accurate station temperature values are used. Each version of the dataset will include data up until the end of the previous complete year and an incremental version number will be updated.\r\n\r\nThe CET datasets employ the following version control protocol: \r\n\r\nVersion Vx.y.z.a:\r\n• x – major changes – e.g. change in scientific methodology\r\n• y – minor changes – e.g. small bug fixes or updates to diagnostics pages\r\n• z – incremental changes\r\n• a – reserved for use internally\r\n\r\nThe standard annual release cycle of CET will constitute an incremental release (z). However, if more substantial\r\nchanges have been made to the codebase, scientific methodology or source data values, then this may warrant a minor (y) or major (x) version release. 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